How much horsepower is in a new tractor. Tractor MTZ: model range. Gearbox

MTZ-80 "Belarus" refers to universal row-crop wheeled tractors. It was produced at the Minsk Tractor Plant. The first copy of this model rolled off the assembly line in 1974. The production of the MTZ-80 "Belarus" does not stop at the present time (in the 2000s, the tractor was renamed "Belarus-80"). The model itself is a deep modernization of the MTZ-50, which was produced earlier. Unification level assembly units, elements and individual parts for these tractors is 70%. MTZ-80 is designed in a layout traditional for this family: front engine, large rear wheels that are driving, small steering front wheels and a semi-frame design. The model is produced exclusively in the rear-wheel drive version.

The tractor has several different modifications that differ gear ratios transmission, exterior design, agrotechnical clearance size, attachment points for equipment, engine start option, systems for ensuring functionality on steep slopes and the type of rubber used.

Together with the T-40 and DT-75, the MTZ-80 model can be safely attributed to the most popular among tractors throughout the Soviet Union. In the fall of 2012, this technique participated in a rally of Baltic farmers held in Brussels.

The history of the MTZ-80 "Belarus" is very interesting. The creation of the model began with the order of the Council of Ministers regarding the development of universal row-crop equipment with a 75-80-horsepower engine, belonging to the 1.4th thrust class. To minimize the cost of re-equipping factories for the production of MTZ-80 and speed up its creation, it was decided to modernize the MTZ-50 model. The design of the machine has received many significant changes: redesigned engine with more power, new cabin and skin. Tests of the upgraded tractor were successfully completed in 1972. Two years later, the first MTZ-80 appeared, and a year later its tracked version, the T-70, was created.

These tractors are designed for road construction, loading and unloading and other special work. The versatility of using the model has greatly increased due to the increase in its cross-country ability, traction and grip qualities and agrotechnical indicators.

The high technical and economic parameters of the MTZ-80 made it popular not only in the USSR (Russia), but also abroad. This model is exported to 70 countries of the world.

• The MTZ-80 was equipped with a D-240 engine with a nominal power of 80 (58.8) hp. (kW).
• With this configuration, the fuel consumption of the tractor was 238 (185) g / kW per hour (g / hp per hour), which is equal to 4-7 liters per hour, fuel tank held 130 liters.
• The equipment accelerated to 34.31 km / h.
• Overall dimensions of the model: length - 3815 mm, width - 1970 mm, height - 2470 mm. Structural weight - 3160 kilograms, ground clearance- 470 mm.

Engine

The model was equipped with four-cylinder four-stroke engines D-240 and D-243, consuming diesel fuel. They belonged to the 4Ch11 / 12.5 family. Produced motors for MTZ-80 Minsk Motor Plant.

The engine displacement was 4.75 liters. He developed a power of 80 (82) "horses" at a speed of 2200 rpm. The mass of the engine was 430 kilograms. These variants of the units had a semi-divided combustion chamber made in the piston and liquid cooling. In some variants installed preheater PZHB-200B.

The tractor engine is started by means of an electric starter for versions D-240/243 or through a starting carburetor 10-horsepower PD-10 engine for variants -240L/243L. The starting and main motors were put into operation directly from the cockpit. When the gear was engaged, an engine start blocking was provided. An electric torch heater facilitated starting at low temperatures.

Device

MTZ-80 was equipped exclusively with a mechanical transmission with a single-disk, dry, permanently closed clutch. The tractor had a 9-speed 2-range gearbox with a reduction gear (4 reverse and 18 forward gears). On some models, a creeper and a hydraulically controlled gearbox were installed. The latter allowed you to select one of the 4 gears without turning off the clutch. The differential lock was controlled by a pedal on the cab floor. On later versions, hydraulic locking control appeared.

The tractor had a rigid rear wheel suspension and a semi-rigid front wheel suspension, supplemented by a balancer axle. The rear wheels were attached to the axles using terminal connections, which ensured a change in track width in the range of 1400-2100 mm. The MTZ-80 had disc brake mechanisms, steering was carried out by means of the front wheels. Additionally, the model was equipped with a power steering.
A separate-aggregate hydraulic system was built into the MTZ-80 with a gear pump NSh-32, a mounted plow control hydraulic cylinder and a three-section spool-valve hydraulic distributor.

The price of the MTZ-80 tractor

MTZ-80 has a number of pros and cons. They affect its value. When comparing prices for this model and products from Caterpillar or John Deere, the difference will be noticeable. The tractor, thanks to its proven design, is distinguished by increased reliability and maintainability; spare parts for it are easy to buy. Comfort of work and control of the situation, taking into account the absence in the standard configuration special equipment are not strong qualities of MTZ-80. The power of the tractor is definitely not enough for large areas.
Nevertheless, the popularity of the model remains extremely high even now. MTZ-80 is a kind of analogue of the Kalashnikov assault rifle in the world of tractors.

The cost of a new tractor is 600-900 thousand rubles, depending on the cab (high, low) and additional equipment. Supported MTZ-80 in working condition can be purchased for 150-300 thousand rubles.

Analogues

Foreign analogues of this model are produced by Caterpillar or John Deere. However, they are much more expensive.
Quite a few modifications of the MTZ-80 are also known. Among them are models:

• MTZ-80.1 - with a large cab and rear-wheel drive;
• MTZ-82 (MTZ-82.1) - all-wheel drive version with a small (large) cabin;
• MTZ-82.1-23 / 12 - all-wheel drive version with a large cab, enlarged front wheels and a beam-type front axle;
• MTZ-82N is an all-wheel drive modification with a reduced ground clearance (400 mm), a seat that deviates from the longitudinal axis in order to maintain a vertical landing. This tractor was intended for work on slopes;
• MTZ-82R - used in the cultivation of rice fields;
• MTZ-82K is an all-wheel drive tractor with a hydraulic automatic stabilization function, side oscillating gearboxes and a front axle with parallelogram levers. Used for work on steep slopes;
• МТЗ-80Х/80ХМ – cotton-growing tractor with one steered wheel;
• Т-70В/С - model of the 2nd traction class for the cultivation of grapes or beets (В/С). It was distinguished by a low-power engine (70 "horses");
• MTZ-80/82V - version with a reversible gearbox;
• MTZ-82T - vegetable and melon version with increased ground clearance.

These models can be called analogues of the initial modification of the MTZ-80.

Tractor T-40
The T-40 tractor is a universal and multifunctional agricultural machine on wheels.

It is intended for transport work, mechanical processing of row-spacing row crops, harvesting, and can also serve as a stacker, mower or snow plow. The versatility of this unit is due to the ability to perform a variety of work using various mounted, trailed and semi-mounted equipment.

Device T-40
The model is equipped with an electric start or a gasoline starting engine. The latter has a starter that makes it easier to start the engine at low temperatures.

To accommodate systems and mechanisms, the T40 tractor is equipped with a semi-frame type carrier system, on which there is a diesel four-stroke four-cylinder air-cooled engine of the D-144 or D-37 brand. The engine is rigidly connected to one of the main body parts - the gearbox.

The unit is equipped drive pulley, power steering, hydraulic system, rear and side shafts. Each of the power take-off shafts can easily operate both from a synchronous and from an independent drive.

The mechanical reverse transmission makes it possible to use the entire available speed range both in reverse and in forward.

The gearbox is four-way, seven-speed, with transverse shafts, assembled in a cast common housing.

manufacturer
The T-40 tractor was manufactured by a plant located in Lipetsk and operated until 2004. The name of the plant is quite traditional for such enterprises - "Lipetsk Tractor Plant", abbreviated as LTZ. The first T-40 rolled off the assembly line in 1961, this model became the most massive tractor ever produced at this plant. However, despite the popularity and variety of modifications, since 1995 they are no longer manufactured.

Modifications
New tasks required fresh solutions, so over time the tractor began to be modified.

T-40A - four driving wheels and portal front axle allowed to maintain the versatility of the unit;
T-40AN - four-wheel drive with reduced ground clearance and height;
T-50A - designed to perform work with a loader;
T-40M - rear-wheel drive model;
Tractor T-40AM - four-wheel drive;
T-40ANM - four-wheel drive, can work on slopes;
T-40AP - a tractor for public utilities.
Specifications
Engine D-37 (ICE) - 37 liters. With;
D-144 (ICE) - 50 l. With.
Weight 2.5 t.
Traction class 0.9 tf.
Dimensions width - 1620 mm;
length - 3660 mm;
height - 2100 mm.
Speed ​​from 1.75 km/h to 26.68 km/h.
The transmission is mechanical.
Transmission brake.
Hydraulic equipment hinged separate-aggregate system.
Photo of tractor T-40
Photo of tractor T-40

Photo of tractor T40

Repair and accessories
Considering that the bulk of such equipment has been in intensive use for a long time, a legitimate question arises about high-quality maintenance, which includes timely replacement parts and repairs. You can buy what you need from random sellers or resellers, but it's still better to buy spare parts for the T-40 tractor from the manufacturer. Now the plant, renamed Lipetsk Tractor, offers any components.

Where to buy, tractor price
If you want to buy a T-40 tractor, then you should pay attention to the numerous ads on the Internet and newspapers. It would seem that they have not been produced for a long time, but there are a huge number of offers on sale. Marvelous? This is due to the fact that these machines have high operational and technical indicators, which allows units manufactured 30 years ago to adequately perform their functions to this day. If the tractor is on the move and can work, then its minimum price is from 20 thousand rubles. It is difficult to name the maximum price, it all depends on the desire of the seller, the condition and intensity of operation of the unit, as well as additional equipment, for example, a T-40 tractor with a kun, a bucket and a pitchfork, will cost more.

Analogues
Analogues of the T-40 can be called agricultural machines of the tractor Minsk plant "Belarus", such as MTZ-80 or 82. The same functions, traditional semi-frame design, similar engine layout and some other similar parameters

Tags: How much Horse power in the t-40 tractor

Hummer H2 (409 hp) against tractor T 40 water-cooled engine 65 hp

Jump to Tractors with D-144 engine (50 hp) - .)[edit | edit wiki text]. T-40M - rear drive; T-40AM - all-wheel drive model...‎ Design features - ‎ Modifications - ‎ Current state

google.com/y tractor t-40; 6.2 Analogues ... The power of the D-37 was 37 hp, D-144 - 50 hp. Engine start...‎ Traktor-t-40-am-1371106_1 - ‎ X_c541b6ea - ‎ F_img_0525_20120904134358

Traktara with:x equipment. | Topic author: Sergey

Tractor T-25
The T-25 tractor is a technique designed for agricultural work, such as sowing, plowing soil, as well as inter-row cultivation of various crops. Besides, it can be applied in loading, transport work and many other activities.

The device of the T-25 tractor ensures its high-quality work, and also guarantees ease of operation and reliability. It is equipped with a large number of various additional equipment, such as a potato digger, a cultivator, a plow for a tractor and other elements, thanks to which it is able to work in the field as efficiently as possible. In addition, the machine is equipped with a front loader that allows you to lift a load weighing more than half a ton. Another undoubted advantage is a comfortable single cabin, which is equipped with ventilation, lighting and heating.

The T25 tractor began to be produced in 1966 at KhTZ, and since 1972 the Vladimir Tractor Plant began to manufacture this equipment.

Modifications
This unit was produced in a variety of modifications. His tuning included many transformations. After its production in Kharkov ended, the tractor began to be manufactured in Vladimir, where it was improved by modernization. The Vladimirets tractor acquired the ability to adjust the longitudinal base, ground clearance and track, thanks to which it was able to work with attachments that have a fairly large weight.

In 1973, the sale of T-25A tractors began, which were equipped with an improved cab and also had a more powerful engine. The latest model in this series, "A3", was supplemented with a roll cage.

Technical characteristics of the tractor T-25
This wheeled bulldozer has a four-stroke diesel engine, 25 hp This model has a mechanical transmission, its traction class is 0.6, and its operating weight is 1500 kg. The specific fuel consumption of the tractor is 223 g/kW/h.

Photo of the tractor T-25 "Vladimirets"
Tractor T-25

Tractor Vladimirets

Accessories
Repair of the T-25 tractor is quite simple. With the purchase of spare parts, too, there are usually no problems, for example, tires for it can be bought from many suppliers. However, it should be borne in mind that it is recommended to buy spare parts for the T-25 tractor only from official dealers factory, as this serves as a guarantee of their authenticity. The components included in this unit are:

four-stroke engine;
rear hitch, allowing you to install an automatic coupler;
dump;
tillage cutter;
single disc closed clutch;
gearbox and other parts.
For the greatest convenience, the tractor is provided with ventilation, as well as cabin heating, so you can work on it in comfortable conditions at any time of the year.

Price
Currently, you can buy a T-25 tractor at a price of 500,000 rubles. However, the cost of this equipment largely depends on the condition in which it is, for example, the price of a T-25 tractor that has been in active operation can be about 50,000 rubles.

Modern analogues
If we talk about analogues of this model, then among them we can distinguish the Chinese tractor Photon, which collects good reviews from farmers. It is applied both in agricultural works, and in municipal services. Photon is equipped with various attachments, has a trailer, and its engine has a power of 25 hp. The cost of this model is about 400 thousand rubles.

Another analogue is the bulldozer of the Chinese company Xingtai. It has very decent technical characteristics, it is unpretentious and easy to operate. It is equipped with a powerful diesel engine, manual transmission and high quality hydraulic system. Its average cost is 186,000 rubles.

Tractor T-40 - specifications, photo, price...

The T-40 tractor is a universal and multifunctional agricultural machine on wheels. ... Engine, D-37 (ICE) - 37 liters. With;

Universal row-crop tractors T-40, T-40A, T-40M...

Tractor T-40 - traditional layout and semi-frame design, its ... brand T-40M and T-40AM, the engine power of which has been increased to 50 hp.

Tractors of the MTZ-82 model can be called the real pride of the post-Soviet industry. Their release was started back in the USSR, when in 1974 the first model rolled off the assembly line.

It continues successfully today at the Minsk Tractor Plant, which produces the MTZ-82. So any domestic company can purchase equipment that has been proven over the years, but produced in accordance with modern quality standards under the Belarus-82 brand.

MTZ-82 is a deeply modernized MTZ-52, which was one of the most massive in the Soviet Union. MTZ-82 and today does not lose popularity in the CIS thanks to reliability, power and relatively compact size.

It should be remembered that the MTZ-82 design includes up to 70% of unified parts that can also be used on other tractors, including the MTZ-50 and MTZ-52 models. All MTZ models -.

Description and purpose of the tractor

The MTZ-80/82 family of tractors was developed in the 70s of the last century, when it became necessary to create universal special equipment that was competitive with foreign analogues. This was the MTZ-82 model with an engine power of up to 80 hp, which could be used to solve a whole range of tasks, from transporting log cabins after public services to cities to efficient plowing of fields. MTZ-82 belongs to class 1.4.

It is important to understand that structurally even modern Belarus-82 tractors are deeply modernized MTZ-52 and differ mainly in modern outer skin, functional and safe cabin, equipment modern engine high power. Of course, we must not forget about the huge number of minor design changes that increase the overall strength and reliability of the structure.

Characteristics of the MTZ tractor look at the video.

Today, MTZ-82 tractors of various years of manufacture can be used almost everywhere, they easily endure both northern frosts and the impassability of rural roads, driving through mud during snowmelt.

Most models have high engine speeds and good speed, so they can be used to transport heavily loaded trailers over long distances (compare with tractors). There are videos on the internet that confirm this.

Fuel consumption

For each model, whether it is a modern tractor Belarus-82 or a Soviet MTZ-82, or, the accompanying documentation indicates the fuel consumption rate, on the basis of which it can be assumed real consumption, often slightly different from the standard.

It must be remembered that the actual fuel consumption largely depends on the following aspects:

• Climatic conditions.
• Season.
• Structural deterioration.
• The quality of the fuel and lubricant mixture.
• Attachment weight.
• The complexity of the work performed.

Therefore, for linear norms, it is always necessary to apply correction factor, which increases the base parameter.

The easiest way to measure fuel consumption is to fill the unit with a full tank and drive a tractor for 100 kilometers with a uniform load. Then you can determine exactly how much fuel was used both over the entire distance and per kilometer, liters per hour.

Calculation formula for MTZ-82

To determine the exact amount of fuel consumption, you can use a formula that has been successfully tested by time and is actively used for MTZ-82 tractors.

The formula includes the following main parameters:

• Fuel consumption kg/h, denoted as "P".
• Tractor power - the standard value is 0.7, the result of converting the power of the MTZ-82 motor from kW to horsepower.
• Specific fuel consumption, denoted by the letter "R". For the MTZ-82 model, it is equal to 230 kW per hour.
• Engine power in horsepower is denoted as "N". In the basic configuration, the MTZ-82 is usually equipped with an engine with a capacity of 75 horsepower, but today there are often options with engines with a capacity of 80 horsepower.

For an accurate calculation of fuel consumption, it is necessary to calculate according to the following formula: P=0.7*R*N.

Fuel consumption for the tractor in the basic configuration will be 12 kg per hour. Given that a liter diesel fuel weighs about 840-875 grams, then the consumption is quite large.

However, during the survey, some tractor owners indicated the real fuel consumption from 7 to 10 liters per hour. Perhaps this is due to the fact that the engines modern models(eg) are more economical.

Characteristics

The MTZ-82 tractor was originally produced in several modifications, and to this day the units used in the CIS countries can differ greatly from each other, primarily in the way the engine is started, appearance, attachments and the type of transmission, which often has different gear ratios.

Mounted equipment MTZ 82

MTZ-82 can be equipped with various anchor points, have different agro-technical brochures, have or not have systems for working on sharp slopes and a hydraulic control system. Often different tires are used, selected according to the peculiarities of climatic conditions.

But the semi-frame design of various modifications of the MTZ-82 always has unified elements, such as:

• Front guide wheels.
• Large rear wheels.
• Diesel engine with a capacity of 75-80 hp, located in front of the hull.

On the design of the tractor t 70 -.

Dimensions and weight (weight and height)

MTZ-82 has a relatively small size, and has the following dimensions:

The standard agricultural clearance for this model is 46.5 centimeters, for modifications with a wheel gear - 65, for the MTZ-82N version, the ground clearance is 40 centimeters. The mass of the unit is 3,600 kilograms. It can be used everywhere, including for public services in cities, it should not harm the road surface, just like.

Hydraulic system MTZ

According to the standard MTZ-82 is equipped with a mechanical transmission with power steering and a nine-speed gearbox with two ranges, equipped with a reduction gear.

Initially, the model did not assume the presence of a hydraulically controlled gearbox, but on modern tractors it is often installed with the ability to shift under load. The hydraulic system allows you not to turn off the clutch when shifting gears within four speed ranges.

The separate-aggregate hydraulic system includes a gear pump, a hydraulic distributor and a hydraulic cylinder, which controls the attachments.

On old tractors, most of them manufactured back in the USSR, the lock is controlled mechanically by a pressure pedal located on the floor. Modern modifications are equipped with a hydraulic system - you can switch the mode using the switch located under the dashboard.

Watch the test drive of the tractor in the video.

Engine power - how much horsepower

The MTZ-82 tractor is equipped with a four-cylinder D-240 or D-243 engine. This four-stroke unit produced at the Minsk Motor Plant and has a subdivided liquid-cooled combustion chamber. The chamber is located in the piston.

On some tractors, you can also find a pre-heater, which allows you to quickly and efficiently prepare the engine for work in winter. The PZHB-200B heater is installed only if the ambient temperature during tractor operation is below 0°C, as soon as it reaches 5°C in spring, the heater must be removed, dried and put aside until autumn.

At MTZ-82, the engine has an average working volume of 5.75 liters. and power of 80 hp. for modern models and 75 hp. in earlier versions. The unit can be equipped with an electric starter or a 10 horsepower starting motor and a start inhibit function in case the gear is already engaged.

Transmission

MTZ-82 is equipped with a modern transmission and has a rigid suspension of the rear wheels and a semi-rigid suspension of the front wheels, has a balancing axle. To fix the rear wheels, terminal connections are used on the axles, thanks to which the tractor operator can smoothly change the track width, varying it from 140 to 210 cm. The track can also be varied for the front wheels, but only in steps, each step is 10 cm.

Attachment

The MTZ-82 tractor can be equipped with the following attachments:

• Loader.
• Front loader.
• Dump.
• Snow plow.
• Travel brush.
• Ladle.
• Plow.

Thanks to unified working elements, a wide range of modern attachments can be installed on the MTZ-82 for municipal and construction equipment.

On the video, the MTZ-82 model is in operation.

Maintenance

It can be boldly stated that Maintenance– a prerequisite for maintaining the tractor in good condition. It ensures proper operation and durability of components, high-quality operation of the unit.

It is important to remember that MTZ-82 maintenance must be carried out systematically. Priority can be called maintenance in spring and autumn, as well as preparing equipment for work in especially difficult conditions, for example, in desert regions, mountains, tundra.

It is advisable to adhere to the following scheduled maintenance schedule:

• Superficial - every 60 hours.
• Standard is every 240 hours.
• Deep - every 960 hours.

At the same time, it is important not only to perform basic operations, but also repair any damage found in a timely manner and prevent malfunctions.

Operating instructions - a guide to action

In order for the tractor to serve the owner as long as possible, and its operation to be uninterrupted, the following requirements must be observed when operating the unit:

• After the end of the shift, check for leaks of oil, fuel, water.
• Add fuel to the starting engine regularly.
• Check the oil level only 20 minutes after the end of the engine operation.
• Regularly check the water level in the radiator and drain the condensate from the pneumatic system.

When operating in difficult weather conditions, be sure to check the tractor according to individual requirements.

For example, cleaning the radiator mesh when working in a desert area.

Find out what to do so that the tow truck does not pick up your car -.

Conclusion

The MTZ-82 tractor is a truly universal unit designed to solve a whole range of tasks, primarily in agricultural and municipal work. Depending on the attachment installed, it can be used for soil preparation, transport operations, construction work, industry and manufacturing. The model has proven to be reliable and economical.

In Russia and other CIS countries, tractors are classified according to their traction characteristics. Manufacturers make various models, subdividing them according to traction capabilities. Each has its own distinctive characteristics, according to which equipment is selected for a certain type of work. Our experts will tell you how the traction class of tractors differs and what this concept means.

The traction classes of agricultural machines are a key characteristic that indicates what maximum traction force the equipment is capable of developing. The traction force will depend not only on the factory characteristics, but also on the type of soil during operation. On clay and waterlogged soil traction characteristics will be lower than on dry sandy. Therefore, factory specifications for all agricultural tractors are considered under the same operating conditions.

The classification of tractors according to the traction feature is carried out under soil conditions:

The traction force of agricultural machinery is expressed in numbers in tons of effort force -ts. At the same time, the traction force can be expressed in kilonewtons - kN. The ratio of kilonewtons to ton force is as follows: 1 tf = 10 kN. So, a machine of 6 tf is 60 kN. The performance of the same machine on tracks and wheels during operation may differ, since the patency of the first is higher.

Main characteristics of agricultural machinery

All agricultural machines, from garden walk-behind tractors to large industrial models of agricultural machines, are divided into 17 groups according to traction. But the popular models of agricultural machines that are used in private households are divided into 8 groups. The first three groups relate to walk-behind tractors and mini-equipment. Recently, manufacturers have also begun to produce agricultural machines with 7 traction forces, previously equipment with this indicator belonged to large industrial ones. But due to the development of private farms, the class 7 tractor became in demand by farmers and it was transferred to a general purpose.

The main indicators of all models and the traction class of tractors are the table below:

The table shows the main indicators that are taken into account when choosing a model. The more difficult the work ahead and the more land, the higher the class of equipment will be needed.

Types of agricultural technology

According to their technical characteristics, traction force and power, all agricultural machinery is divided into groups:

• 0.2; 0.4 - mini tractors. Small, low-power, suitable for working in a private courtyard, used with attachments and trailed equipment. They are used in agricultural complexes, for garden and road works. Compact and lightweight, they easily pass through the narrow streets of cities.
• 0.6; 0.9; 1.4; 2 - universal machines. Used for agricultural and road works. They are used on row crops, when planting and harvesting, preparing the soil. This type may include a subgroup of universal tillers. Used to prepare areas for planting, for cultivation.
• Tractor class 3; four; five; 6; 7 - general purpose machines. Suitable for any energy-intensive road and agricultural work. In agriculture, they are used in large agricultural complexes.
• A separate group with different traction capabilities is specialized agricultural machines used for specific crops, for example: for harvesting and planting root crops, sunflowers, etc.
• Equipment with a self-propelled chassis - a narrow line, has a low traction force. For example, the most popular self-propelled tractor T 16.

We will consider the most popular types with different traction classes in more detail.

Miniature helpers of farmers

Equipment 0.2 tf is miniature, but in demand in private households. These include powerful walk-behind tractors and mini-tractors. Suitable for cleaning narrow streets, in the private sector with its help you can perform almost any street work. average price on the market, depending on the manufacturer and capacity, from 85 00 rubles.

Among the popular ones, the following stand out: Belarusian 112; 08K; 132N and MTZ 082, Uralsky T0.2, KMZ 012. Less adapted, Chinese agricultural machines are also in demand by farmers: Jinma 100 and 200x; Chery FD 15; Dofgan 244; Hintai-220; Photon TE 244.

Cheap and cheerful

Tractor classes 0.6 and 0.9 are common among private farms. This is a more powerful agricultural machine used for various types of agricultural work on plots from 50 acres. Two popular models of class 0.6 are produced at the Vladimirsky TZ - T 30 and 25A. Interesting equipment with a self-propelled chassis T 16. Of the modern ones, Belarus 310.3 20, 321 and VTZ 2032 stand out. Powerful agricultural vehicles with good cross-country ability and a large number of attachments and trailers.

Traction class 0.9 is represented by modern LTZ 55 (produced since the 90s at the Lipetsk Tractor Plant) and VTZ 45 from Vladimirsky TZ. Of those tested over the years, T 40 and 40A stand out. The average price on the market is from 170 thousand rubles.

practical and popular

Among the most practical and popular among farmers, agricultural machines of the 1.4 tf class stand out. They cope with work better than mini-types, since the power is suitable for performing any type of work in the fields and on the roads. Tractors of this class are popular in the construction industry, as the price is much lower than powerful production models.

Among the brightest representatives of 1.4 tf, the MTZ 80 and 82 tractors (manufactured by the Minsk Tractor Plant), Belarus 900 stand out. MTZ 80 has been produced since the late 80s and has proven itself only with positive side. Suitable for working on all types of soil and used in various weather conditions. The average price is from 360 thousand rubles.

Powerful wagons

Interesting for different kind works traction tractor class 2 tf. Until the 80s, class 2 agricultural machines were produced only on tracks. Among these are known: T 70 and 54V. LTZ 155 is considered to be a wheeled class 2 of the early ones. It is used for construction, road and agricultural works. High-performance with high technical characteristics. Among the latter stand out: Belarus 1221 and improved 1222, John Deere 6020, 6130D made in the USA. The price starts from 270 thousand rubles. Imported ones cost from 450 thousand rubles. But not always imported tractors are adapted to our weather conditions.

Technique for any work

Traction class 3 tractors are suitable for all types of agricultural, construction, municipal, road and other types of work. These are powerful models used in agriculture for large areas. Of the modern models, the Agromash tractor stands out, a modified model DT 75 for crawler. Wheeled vehicles are represented by tractors T 150 K and 150 from Kharkov TZ. The average price for class 3 is from 500 thousand rubles. Can afford large farms.

Tractors of a higher traction class are less in demand, since their price is high. Farmers prefer mid-priced models with high technical characteristics, as in the video:

What class to choose agricultural machinery depends on the amount of work, the type of soil and the material capabilities of the farmer. Middle category classes 1.4; 2 and 3 are presented in a wide range by domestic and foreign manufacturers. But we do not recommend saving and purchasing equipment for secondary market especially over 10 years old. Regardless of the tractive force class, the tractor will break down and work will be delayed. And it is difficult to find spare parts for obsolete tractors. Remember, it is better to overpay than to lose more during seasonal work.

At the time of the collapse of the union, many enterprises were unable to maintain their engineering and production base and gave way to foreign manufacturers. This was not the fate of the Minsk Tractor Plant. Using their geopolitical position (proximity to Europe), they began to adopt the experience of world manufacturers: to integrate ready-made components and assemblies, and at the same time develop their own versions of engines, transmissions, hydraulics, etc.

The global trend has long been towards shifting production to China. But in Belarus, thanks to a powerful technical base, a large line of MTZ tractors appeared, and their characteristics began to be valued much higher. What are the benefits of the new models?

Pros and cons of the entire range

The most important unit responsible for traction power is the engine. For the whole the lineup MTZ tractors are equipped with the latest models of gasoline or diesel engines of foreign or domestic design, similar to imported analogues. The engine design has been improved in two ways:

• Exhaust gas afterburning system and an integrated turbine using them, which increases efficiency up to 82%;
• Combined cooling system (oil-liquid), which is carried out using a heat exchanger and is automatically controlled by a thermostat -

These major design changes brought the MTZ tractor to a higher environmental level. MTZ engine complies with Tier 3 F, and significantly reduces the noise level!

After that, the assembly of its own power unit was established, corresponding to the standard of world quality. What is more important, the engines of our own design can be adapted to work at low temperatures (-30 ºС), with an integrated electric starter, starting heating and water cooling.

At the crankshaft, the safety factor has increased to 15% - such a plus in the characteristics of the MTZ tractor is reflected in the cost of maintenance, because. its fuel consumption is reduced by 12-15% (compared to the base models until 1992).

The second plus that the Belarus minitractor has is the aggregation of a large number of attachments (230 in total) and the ability to use the MTZ tractor in a complete set with equipment from foreign manufacturers.

After the engine, in terms of importance for the tasks performed, there is hydraulics. Its principle of operation remained the same, but the very design of the nodes has changed - it has become a lot of steps. Everything you need to know about modern hydraulics:

• accuracy, "sensitivity" to the operator's commands;
• work without jerks and swaying even with heavy weights or uneven load distribution.

All MTZ modifications work with a separate hydraulic system:

• for management;
• for attachments;
• in machines, starting from 0.2 power class, a single-cylinder compressor for pumping wheels - all this allows attachments to work in two modes: synchronous and independent, and also to raise or lower the mechanism at any interval of work within 3 seconds.

The mechanical fastenings of the PTO in powerful tractors (above 0.6 strength class) have also been improved and allow working with equipment weight up to 1100 kg.

The entire range of MTZ, including a line of heavy walk-behind tractors, mini tractors of all classes are equipped with:

• separate differential on wheels;
• dual brake system (disc type and manual i.e. parking).

Installing a differential lock is a technical solution that reduces the load on the engine and transmission system.

The wheelbase, transmission and body are interconnected in an inseparable design, which also has not remained unchanged: the mechanics of the MTZ tractor have reduced weight due to steel alloying, the use of a reduced size and ergonomic parts.

The advantages of the MTZ tractor do not end there. A comfortable workplace is one of the main conditions of world standards, and it is equipped with the latest technology. Therefore, the cab is that part of the MTZ tractor that has undergone the most thorough and maximum processing:

• installation of climate control or air conditioning;
• soft adjustable chair;
• ergonomic control panel with display of engine operation indicators, PTO, flow sensors (digital, light, electronic indicators);
• 100% view of the surrounding space thanks to full glazing.

Modifications

The Belarusian small-sized MTZ tractor is presented on the modern market in several modifications that are designed for large-scale earthwork, utility and construction work. On the MTZ 1021, 80 models, an engine of our own design D-240/243/260 is installed:

• with a margin of safety
• preheating;
• refinement of exhaust gases and ergonomic design.

1021

Let's start with the universal model high power(traction class 2.0) - MTZ 1021 tractor. The ability to aggregate 69 attachments allows it to be successfully used in all sectors of the municipal, construction, agricultural and forestry complexes. To perform a wide range of work, a four-stroke D-245S2 engine with a volume of 4.75 liters is installed on the tractor.

Also in its design, the strength of the transmission unit has been increased due to a reinforced closed single-plate clutch and ceramic linings.

This modification of the MTZ tractor has a speed of up to 37.4 km / h and is used to transport goods weighing up to 4300 kg.

Advantages of the MTZ 1021 model:

• A high margin of safety of 15% has a positive effect on the duration of work or when used above the limit;
• Three separate hydraulic outlets for attachments can use different types of fluids;
• Supplied in both basic and optional configurations;
• Reinforced transmission.

Depending on the configuration, the cost of this modification ranges from 1.2 to 1.5 million rubles.

80.1

Another popular and powerful Belarus tractor model is the MTZ 80.1. It is equipped with a D-243 engine with technical characteristics:

• 81.6 HP (60 kW/h);
• Rotation count. shaft - 2200 rpm;
• V = 4.75 l;
• K z torque - 15%.

The reserve of engine torque in a configuration with a multi-stage transmission (18 gears) allows the tractor to be used in full force without worrying about the limits.

A set of modified units that reduce fuel consumption:

• hydraulic control booster;
• 11 gears (9+2);
• Power regulator ZNU;
• Creeper (increases traction power with stable fuel consumption);
• Spacers for doubling wheels (increase traction with stable fuel consumption).

Modification MTZ 80.1 is a hardy and durable model, which has a stable fuel consumption under unstable load and a safety margin of the engine and transmission of 14-15%.

The average cost of a car is more than 1.3 million rubles.

82.1

The MTZ 82.1 tractor model is also called a universal tilling machine, which is the basis for the manufacture of narrowly focused tractors. Also, this model can aggregate in various modifications with 230 types of attachments. Refers to 1.4 traction class.

Tractor "Belarus" 82 has the following features:

• average dimensions 2450x3000x810 mm;
• turbocharged D-243 engine;
• speed 33.4 km/h, 18x4 gears;
• hydraulic system with mixed regulation and pressure up to 200 kgf/cm;
• 6 hydraulic outlets;
• 3 modes of operation of the front axle.

Pros:

• The gearbox shifts without disengaging the clutch;
• hydraulic lock rear axle using a pedal;
• Automatic differential lock;
• Sensitive hydraulics, providing stable operation on soils with different topography, thanks to sensors on the regulators;
• The enlarged and ergonomic cab is one of the best in the MTZ tractor line;

The MTZ 82 tractor is manufactured in a large number of modifications:

• for processing rice;
• stability on steep slopes (up to 20º);
• vegetable crops.

The cost is from 1.3 million rubles, depending on the configuration.

1221.2

Entering the world level obliges the manufacturer to produce machines for different climatic zones, as well as for a narrowly focused specialization.

The next model is so in demand that its assembly has been established in three cities of Russia. The Belarus 1221.2 tractor was developed on the basis of the MTZ 1221 model in a tropical version, i.e. engine design without glow plugs using a special filtration system and an additional fuel tank.

The D-260.2 engine is installed on it:

• 210 hp;
• volume of 7.12 l, water-cooled.
• High efficiency power plant provide:
• turbocharging;
• centrifugal fuel pump;
• single stage compressor.

In addition, the Belarus 1221.2 tractor has a number of advantages associated with excellent maintainability, unpretentiousness of the engine to fuel and lubricants and fuel quality, and high comfortable working conditions that increase the driver's performance.

Pros:

• Comfortable cabin with heat-absorbing glass and increased sound, heat and temperature insulation and air conditioning system;
• Low fuel consumption due to exhaust gas afterburning and turbocharging;
• Process automation, electronically controlled;
• Double disc clutch;
• Possibility to install two types of equipment:
• with autonomous vertical power cylinder;
• with two vertical cylinders mounted on a hydraulic lift.

Minus:

A small fuel tank, with a full load on a working day, you need to refuel 2 times.

The cost of this model is 1.45 million rubles.

132 N

Features could not but affect the modernization economic development countries in the post-Soviet space: for many people, agriculture has become the only source of income that required special investments in labor and enhanced care. Now the Belarusian plant began to focus not only on large organizations. And in 1992, the production of tractors of the 0.2 power class, compact and with an increased set of attachments, began. This technique is ideally adapted for use in small areas, such as greenhouses, mini farms and home gardens with an area of ​​​​more than 0.5 hectares.

The second model, which appeared since 1992 at an already modernized enterprise, and therefore improved and improved, is the Belarus mini tractor 132 N. This is something in between a walk-behind tractor and a tractor, it is aggregated with small-sized attachments. Belongs to 0.2 traction class, ideal for small farms, household plots of 3-10 hectares. MTZ 132N is used to perform standard work:

• harrowing;
• cultivation;
• plowing of light soil;
• grass mowing;
• snow removal;
• transportation of cargo weighing up to 700 kg;
• wood processing.

Power of 9.6 hp (13 kW), at modest size 2500x1000x2000 mm became possible thanks to the use of a gasoline 4-stroke LIFAN engine LF 188FD or Honda GH390. This is a carburetor type of engine running on AI-92 gasoline and having air cooling.

Model pluses:

• high maneuverability, maneuverability and a small turning radius, thanks to the articulated frame;
• compactness (the ability to transport the unit in a car trailer);
• 2 types of start (manual, electric starter);
• 4 wheel drive;
• wheel track adjustment;
• the presence of a hydraulic cylinder for controlling attachments.

Minuses:

Open cabin without heating in winter.

In the presence of functionality, like a full-fledged tractor, the MTZ 132N has one more advantage - its cost is 170-190 thousand rubles.

152

Tractor Belarus 152 is another full-fledged mini machine, a direct analogue of MTZ 132 N. Only unlike previous model only the Honda GH390 engine is installed in it, which provides air cooling and uses AI-92 fuel for operation.

Technical characteristics are practically the same as in the 132 N modification, without a significant structural difference. 152 model with dimensions of 2450x1040x1450 is very maneuverable and performs a full range of work:

• tilled;
• cultivator;
• mowing;
• cleaning - for this, small-sized attachments are used.

Separately, it is worth focusing on hydraulics and PTO. MTZ-152 minitractors can be aggregated with mounted, semi-mounted, trailed and semi-trailer equipment thanks to two pairs of autonomous outputs.

Pros:

Minuses:

Open cabin (no heating).

The Belarus 152 model is a full-fledged tractor with a minimum of flaws and excellent maintainability and for only 260 thousand rubles.

1523

As already mentioned, the plant manufactures models based on proven and best tractors of its time. The Belarus 1523 model is already the third modernization, the predecessors of which were MTZ-82, MTZ-1221 and MTZ-1523. It collected all the best and eliminated the shortcomings of its predecessors, in addition, by the time the design began in the world of special. technology, new developments appeared, which were successfully introduced into this model.

Tractor "Belarus" 1523 belongs to the traction class 0.3 and is intended for use in agriculture, municipal work, both individually and in combination with other types of machines and attachments. This modification is perfectly balanced in terms of cost, functionality and maintainability, and it is also ideal for all climatic zones without exception.

The MTZ 1523 is equipped with the D-260 1S2 engine.

Characteristics:

• 4 cycles;
• power 158 hp (116 kW);
• knee rotation. shaft 2100 rpm.

The turbocharged D-260 engine is one of the modern developments of the Minsk Tractor Plant, which meet the international requirements for exhaust gas purification.

Usage powerful engine without improved design: transmission and hydraulics would not be efficient, so the 1523 tractor has been improved in all aspects.

The most important benefits include:

• Hydrostatic control (2 differential hydraulic cylinders);
• Multi-disc brakes;
• Ergonomic workplace;
• Cabin with noise-; moisture-; dust-; vibration isolation (basic isolation due to installation on a rubber gasket);
• Air conditioning and air purification;
• Additional spacer for doubling wheels and one more workplace outside the cab.

The cost of new models ranges from 1.4 to 1.8 million rubles, depending on the configuration, delivery terms, dealer and other conditions.

Tractor MTZ Belarus 892.2 is one of the latest modifications, which is also designed specifically for use in hot and even tropical climates. The tractor is equipped with a D-245 5S power unit with turbocharging and direct injection fuel.

Characteristics:

• power 90 hp (66 kW)
• rated shaft speed 1800 rpm with 15% safety margin;
• turbocharger with air cleaner.

Tractor Belarus 892.2 is distinguished by an individual combination specifications and structural features.

Among the advantages:

• independent PTO with revolutions of 540 and 1000 rpm;
• planetary-cylindrical wheel reduction gears with the possibility of doubling the rear wheels;
• PMV 822;
• load capacity of the rear PTO 3200 kg;
• ergonomic cabin that meets modern requirements;
• completing the clutch (optional) with asbestos-free or ceramic linings.

The cost of this model is lower than for the northern version, because. there is no need to use glow plugs, which somewhat simplifies the design of the engine. The average price of MTZ 892.2 is about 1.2-1.3 million rubles.

During the collapse of the Union, MTZ tractors were equipped with engines that were inferior in their characteristics to foreign analogues. In order to be able to compete in the Western market of agricultural machinery, MTZ engineers decided to use power units companies Lombardgini, LIFAN and Honda.

Tractor "Belarus 320.4" in size is between mini and full-fledged tractors, although it belongs to the 0.6 traction class. The compact dimensions provide maneuverability and high maneuverability of the machine in cramped urban conditions or at a construction site, where you often have to work in tandem with other modes of transport or attachments. A ground pressure of just 320 kPa improves flotation on soft or swampy soils.

The MTZ 320.4 tractor is equipped with a European diesel engine LDW 1503 NR with a power of 36 hp, rigidly fixed to the half-frame. Its power is complemented design features that increase functionality.

These include:

• the speed gearbox provides 24 speed modes (16/8);
• reduction gear converts engine energy into traction power (speed decreases to 25 km / h);
• automatic differential lock and freewheel mechanism increases patency;
• separate braking (left-right).

A comfortable cab with an air conditioning system allows you to operate the tractor in all seasons.

The disadvantages of MTZ 320.4 include:

• Frequent cleaning of hydraulic equipment oil;
• Accurate exposure of passport parameters regarding the loading of attachments (exclude work at the limit of possibility);
• Small fuel tank;
• Difficulty starting the engine at low temperatures.

The cost of the tractor is 500-600 thousand rubles.

High maintainability of MTZ tractors and easy maintenance is possible due to the simple design of the equipment. In terms of layout complexity, MTZ tractors are more similar to the designer, where the replacement of filters and other consumables is reduced to a primitive procedure, and when repairing parts, disassembly-assembly occurs with minimal disassembly of the unit.

What can be said about the price, because such a modernization of the tractor could not but affect the cost. Upon a detailed examination of the Belarus model range, we see that the prices for equipment are rationally balanced, and the total payback period, at full load, is estimated at about 2-5 years.