Russian tire factories. How are car tires made? Production technology. Ural and Yaroslavl tires

Every car owner knows that tires tend to wear out. This is one of the main components in the car system that ensures stable movement. Therefore, their condition must be monitored especially carefully. But few people know that there are tire manufacturing plants in Russia. A common stereotype is that a foreign product is always better and of higher quality than a domestic one.

This was the case until recently. Today the situation has changed dramatically. Some brands made in Russia are exported to Western countries.

List of Russian tire manufacturers

Many drivers today confidently claim that making quality tires on Russian territory it is simply impossible. This opinion will quickly disappear if a person visits a modern Russian plant. Russian tires today are manufactured taking into account all international requirements, norms and standards. Production is fully automated. Production takes place using modern equipment. The production technology is identical to the European process for manufacturing car tires.

The following tire manufacturing plants operate in Russia:

There is also a common myth that Russian factories use rubber in the production of tires. This is absolutely not true. For more than 15 years, domestic manufacturers have not used materials that are not known for their positive properties as raw materials for their products. For passenger cars mobile sales volume domestic tires five times higher than Western products.

PJSC Nizhnekamskshina is the founder of European production technologies in Russia

A real giant plant is located in Nizhnekamsk. Almost every third car tire manufactured in Russia comes from Nizhnekamskshin. A special scientific laboratory accredited by the State Standard of Russia has been created on the territory of the plant. The laboratory fully complies with all technical competence. Today, Nizhnekamskshina is an entire scientific and technical center. Modern and technically equipped.

In 2004, the first car tires By international standards. The license was issued by the world's fifth largest Italian tire company, Pirelli. The products of Nizhnekamskshina PJSC were named “KAMA EURO”. Today the plant produces about 2 million environmentally friendly and high-speed radial tires per year.

Amtel-Vredestein – tires for any climate

Amtel in Russia is based in the cities of Kirov, Moscow and Voronezh. Today it is one of the leaders in terms of sales volume. Products are mainly aimed at owners passenger cars and SUVs. But you can also find rubber for heavy equipment and even bicycles. Amtel is constantly improving its products taking into account the changing climate of Russian latitudes.

Amtel produces tires in various categories, which allows them to occupy a leading position in the segment. Another advantage of the company is the presence of its own headquarters of scientists who are constantly working to improve products. Independent experts have already proven that car tires from Amtel are not inferior to their Western European counterparts. Most car owners note the reliability and quality of Maloya Futura Primato tires from Amtel. They are characterized by a long service life and increased wear resistance. However, to find them on store shelves in Russia, you need to really try.

LLC "Contaer" - produces the best tires for winter roads

Car tires from CONTYRE are popular among Russian car enthusiasts. The most famous tire can rightfully be considered Contyre Artic Ice. Rubber allows you to feel comfortable and confident on snowy roads of any complexity within the city and outside the city. Due to the fact that the manufacturer adds an increased amount of silicon during rubber production, Contyre Artic Ice maintains moderate elasticity at any temperature.

Automobiles from the company Contaer LLC are very popular. Just recently, tires began to be installed on UAZ Hunter vehicles. Contyre Expedition. This tire has shown high levels of road grip, which allows it to be distinguished by increased cross-country ability.

JSC Belshina is ahead of everyone

"Belishna" is the largest enterprise for the production of rubber for cars in Europe. The company has established cooperation with many countries, including Russia. The plant has products in 200 standard sizes. More than 90% of products are radial tires. The plant originates in the city of Bobruisk in the Republic of Belarus. In Russia, it was established representatively in Volgograd.

Belshina specializes in the production of tires for large vehicles. For example, for mining dump truck"BelAZ". But recently in the company’s lineup you can find good tires and for passenger cars.

JSC "VOLTAIR-PROM" is the best solution for Niva owners

The Volzhsky Tire Plant has been actively operating since 1964. Today, VOLTYRE-PROM JSC produces automobile tires of various categories. The VLI-5 VOLTYRE model is perfect for VAZ cars.

Most Niva car owners equip their cars with this particular set of tires. VLI-5 VOLTYRE has good maneuverability. Rubber perfectly overcomes obstacles in the form of mud and snow. Disadvantages include excessively noisy operation and long braking times. wet asphalt.

URALSHINA is a worthy manufacturer of car tires

URALSHINA is familiar to domestic drivers because famous models rubber K-135 and O-104. The most widely used model was the K-135 for excellent grip with the road. In general, there are conflicting opinions about this model. But, as they say, it depends on the taste and color.

The plant also produces “shoes” for large-sized agricultural machinery and tracked vehicles.

OMSKSHINA – stability and quality

Cordiant and "Motador" are probably the most famous model range among the products of the Omsk plant. Despite the fact that the OMSKSHINA plant, part of the Cordiant holding, is quite young, today we can say that by producing high-quality products the company has managed to win the love and trust of Russian drivers.

The majority of car owners speak positively about the company’s products, and independent experts assure that the future of Russian car tire production depends entirely on the development of production technologies at the OMSKSHINA plant.

KShZ is the only representative of Eastern Siberia

The Krasnoyarsk Tire Plant is the only representative of this industry segment in Eastern Siberia. For more than 40 years, KShZ has been producing rubber for cars and trucks.

Car tires from KShZ are not very popular among drivers, but the trend is that the plant will soon reach new positions. This happens due to the introduction of European production technologies.

Yaroslavl Tire Plant is a legendary manufacturer of off-road tires

The Yaroslavl tire manufacturer is completing a complete list of manufacturers. Many people know about the legendary Ya-192 tire. Yes, these tires are not very good for fast and comfortable ride on the asphalt. Most often, the Ya-192 was equipped with military equipment, since this model characterized by its tenacity and resilience. Therefore, for SUVs, tires from the Yaroslavl plant will be the best solution. The modern analogue of the YA-192 today is considered to be the higher quality and improved YA-471 tires.

Russia, as a tire producing country, is today entering new level. Don't just pay attention to where the tires were made. Performance characteristics and properties become more important. Domestic factories have made significant strides forward in production technology; some representatives sell their products to the West, where Russian tires are in demand.

When talking about car tires, we rarely think about what and how this product is made from. Meanwhile, everything is not as simple as it might seem at first glance. Tire production technology includes many stages and nuances. The initial stage of creating car tires is the development of their profile and tread pattern using specialized computer volumetric modeling programs. Next, the computer calculates and analyzes the efficiency of the tire in various situations and operating conditions, after which the shortcomings are eliminated, test samples are cut manually on special machines and tested in real conditions.

As a result of testing, information is collected for comparison with the performance of market leaders of the same class, after which final refinement is carried out, prior to launching the assembly line and mass production.

Production of rubber mixture

The material from which the tire is made is of paramount importance. It should be understood that tires from different manufacturers differ significantly, primarily in the properties of the rubber, the composition of which is often a trade secret. Such a serious approach is explained by the fact that the rubber compound determines technical specifications tires, including:

• Level of road grip.
• Durability and reliability.
• Seasonality and wear resistance.

The rubber composition of modern car tires includes many materials and components: all kinds of additives and chemical compounds that determine the properties and behavior of the tires. Entire laboratories in each company are engaged in the selection and combination of these elements, because it is the chemical additives and their dosage that allow the product to outperform its competitors. The base for all is ordinary rubber, the composition of which is no secret to anyone. It consists of:

1. Rubber, which can be isoprene (natural) and synthetic, is the basis of the rubber mixture (from 40 to 50 percent of the composition).
2. Carbon black (industrial carbon black), thanks to the molecular compounds of which the tire not only has a black color, but also becomes durable and resistant to wear and temperature (from 25 to 30 percent of the composition).
3. Silicic acid, which increases the adhesion of tires to wet surfaces, and is used mainly by foreign tire manufacturers (approximately 10 percent of the composition).
4. Resins and oils, which act as auxiliary components to ensure the softness and elasticity of the product (about 10-15 percent of the composition).
5. Vulcanizing agents, the role of which is most often assigned to sulfur compounds and special activators.

Let us note that Russian rubber is recognized as the best throughout the world, and therefore is in demand and used by most of the world's leading manufacturing companies. And since synthetic rubber is inferior to natural rubber in all respects, the Russian Federation will remain a leader in this area for a very long time.

Component production

The technological process of creating a tire, among other things, includes several parallel stages in the manufacture of its components, including:

• The rubberized tape is the primary blank for making the tread, cut depending on the required size.
• Breaker and frame are elements responsible for resistance to cuts, breaks and other damage. The breaker and frame are also responsible for the rigidity of the entire tire structure.
• The bead of the tire is its most rigid part, and ensures tightness when mounted on the wheel rim.

The material for the carcass and belt of modern tires is either metal cord or fiberglass. The latter is used in the manufacture of premium tires, while metal cord is indispensable in models intended to equip trucks.

Assembly and vulcanization

The final stage of tire production is assembly. This technological procedure is carried out by applying layers of the frame, sidewalls, side and tread, and is carried out on a special assembly drum. After layout and giving the desired shape, all component elements are connected into a monolithic structure through the vulcanization procedure. Next, the product undergoes the necessary checks, is labeled and sent to markets around the world.

Car tires are an integral part of the car. And its quality in manufacturing is very important not only for the driver of the car, but also for its manufacturer, because the reputation of the production itself depends on it. It is worth noting that today there are at least three types of car tires. These are summer winter tires and, of course, the demi-season. They are all used for the same transport, but have slightly different and appearance and to some extent even somewhat different process.

The most famous manufacturers

Today, the most famous tire manufacturers in the world are considered to be such manufacturers as Michelin (which also includes the brands Kleber, BFGoodrich), Bridgestone (which also includes the brands Lassa, Firestone, Winterforce, Fuzion) and the Finnish Nokian. It is also worth noting GoodYear, Continental, Pirelli, Hankook, Yokohama, Cooper, Kumho, Toyo and many others.

Raw materials for production

Today, the number of tire manufacturers, both domestic and foreign, is simply amazing, and sometimes the end buyer is somewhat confused making the right choice shoes for your war horse. But still, if you look at the tire production process, you can see that no matter what manufacturer produces these tires for us, the same material is used to produce them. And this is rubber. For its production, in most cases, natural or synthetic rubber, as well as autocord, are used.

It is worth noting that in the production of tires it is imperative to use only high-quality rubber, since the stability of the car in a wide variety of weather conditions, the quality of adhesion of the tires to the road surface, regardless of its condition, and much more will depend on the quality of the rubber for the tires.

Tire production technology

The direct production of tires begins with the production of a special rubber mixture, which will subsequently be used to make tires for cars. The composition of this rubber mixture, depending on its production technology, can include up to a dozen different chemicals. In addition, some other components, in particular various dyes and much more, can also be added to the rubber mixture, which is produced specifically for car tires. In some cases, these components arrive at production ready for use. It is this rubber mixture that will be used for the manufacture of various blanks. But before making blanks, it goes through a special technology of mixing the component parts, after which it is cooled and cut into special sheets, which will subsequently turn into a wide variety of parts of car tires. The blanks, which are formed from the rubber mixture, are the most diverse parts of the future tire - these are its side parts, its treads and much more. It is worth noting that those parts that the tires will subsequently come into contact with the road are made last using the vulcanization method. Moreover, it is this process that allows us to obtain exactly that unique tread pattern that we very often see on car wheels. Special attention deserve the manufacture of winter tires, since it is during this period that the most unforeseen situations on the roads occur. Also, during the production of blanks, the standard size of the future tire must be taken into account, this is due to the fact that different manufacturers cars have different tire sizes.

After a wide variety of tire parts have been made from the rubber mixture, it is sent to a machine where the tire for the car is directly assembled. It is worth noting that the entire tire manufacturing process is automated, and human participation is limited to monitoring the correct operation of those installations that are involved in production.

Video about how tires are made at the Michelin plant:

A very important process in the manufacture of tires for cars is the process of monitoring the quality of products. If during such inspection even the most minor defects of a particular tire are discovered, it must be returned for recycling and under no circumstances can it end up in retail stores for car enthusiasts. It must be said that during this check of car tires, not only visual inspection, but also some other methods are used for control. In particular, in some cases, x-rays can be used. In addition, there are special machines that carry out all the necessary tests that allow us to determine how well a particular type of tire meets quality standards.

Many people are concerned about the question where was the tire made? which one are they buying? And although this question is essentially similar to the question of what meadows the bull from which I am now going to eat the grass ate, let’s try to answer it. We will be talking about winter tires. If you take a closer look at the car tire market, it will become clear that, despite the visible diversity of brands, we are forced to choose products from 5-6 major manufacturers. So who are these global corporations? There are not many of them, but they produce and sell the lion's share of tire products in Europe and the CIS.

Meet the company Michelin. Owns tire factories in France (Clermont-Ferrand), Spain (Valladolid), Great Britain (Stoke-on-Trent), Germany (Homburg and Karlsruhe), Italy (Alessandria), Russia (Davydovo M.O.), as well as in Hungary, Algeria, India, Serbia, Colombia, Poland, Romania... Trademarks: MICHELIN, BFGoodrich and Tigar, Kleber. Tires of the first two brands are produced at a plant in the Moscow region, which go to the domestic market and to the primary equipment of the Ford plant in Vsevolzhsk, as well as the Russian Toyota and Peugeot plants. If we consider winter tires, then in Russia, Russian-made studs are usually sold, especially in sizes up to 17 inches, and Velcro and rubber for SUVs are imported from Spain and Hungary.

The next player is the company " Continental" It has factories in Germany, France, Belgium, the Czech Republic, Romania, Slovakia, Austria, Sweden, Portugal, South Africa, Brazil, the USA, Mexico... In Russia, it built a plant in Kaluga. The company produces tires of three brands: “Continental”, “Gislaved”, “Barum”, “Matador”, sold in primary and secondary markets. Winter tires Continental can be either German or Russian, Gislaved - both Russian and Czech. The pattern is the same, large diameter and low profile - Germany, diameter up to 17 inches Russia, Czech Republic.

Company " Good Er" Goodyear's largest tire manufacturing plants are located in a number of European countries, including England, France, Germany, Poland, Slovakia, Turkey and Luxembourg. In total, Goodyear owns 18 factories in Europe. Besides Goodyear, Sava and Dunlop, the company produces and markets other well-known brands in the tire market such as Fulda and Debica. It does not yet have its own plant in Russia and imports studded tires from the nearest plant in Poland.

The Yokohama company has 10 factories in Japan, as well as large production complexes in the USA, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam, and China. The company's products are represented in 53 countries. In Russia, Yokohama built large plant In the Lipetsk region, where the production of studded tires model IG 35 of various standard sizes is carried out, non-studded tires are usually supplied from Japan.

Company " Pirelli" It belongs to the Marco Polo holding, which is owned by Chinese investment companies and the Russian Rosneft. Manufacturing plants can be found in twelve countries: Venezuela, Spain, China, Egypt, USA, Argentina, Romania, Turkey, Germany, Brazil, Great Britain and Italy. Pirelli owns tire factories in Voronezh and Kirov. Recently, it has been actively promoting its products on the domestic market. Winter tire models are produced at the point of sale, i.e. in Russia.

Company " Nokian». Nokian tires Hakkapeliitta and Nokian Nordman for passenger cars and SUVs are produced only at the concern's own tire factories Nokian Tires- in the city of Nokia (Finland) and in the city of Vsevolozhsk (Russia). In Russia, tires produced mainly are sold Russian plant, which produces the lion's share of production. Tires produced in Vsevolozhsk are sold in Russia and exported to 20 countries, including Finland, Sweden, Germany, the USA and Canada. Nokian's European plant in Vsevolozhsk is the most modern plant at the moment.

Modern Russian tires are produced in accordance with international standards and using latest technologies. There is absolutely no need to overpay for well-known foreign brands, since domestic production uses similar materials and updated equipment. There are more than ten tire production plants in Russia, and many of them export goods abroad, having high level competitiveness in the world market.

Advantages and Disadvantages

Many car enthusiasts do not trust domestic manufacturers, mistakenly thinking that the level of technology and materials is much lower than that of foreign analogues. However, this is not true. Russian tires meet all specifications according to international standards; many products are exported to countries near and far abroad.

Outdated equipment has been replaced with new ones, the characteristics of the materials are no worse than in imported rubber (the ratio of natural rubber is from 10 to 20 percent, as in imported variations). Among the most famous manufacturers are the following companies:

• Ural plant.
• OJSC "Nizhnekamskshina".
• Yaroslavl, Ural, Voronezh and

When purchasing products, you should pay attention to the labeling. Sometimes manufacturers put a mark indicating a defect. Such a tire can only be used for decorative purposes, so this aspect should not be ignored so as not to waste money on a low-quality product.

Review of domestic manufacturers

Russian tires for passenger cars are produced by all domestic profile plants. At the beginning of the review, we will consider the products of the Voronezh and Omsk factories. The Amtel brand is one of the leaders in the tire industry. The plant is based in Voronezh and produces products that are not inferior to the best foreign analogues, as proven by numerous tests. The factory produces tires of all categories and has its own scientific laboratory, where modern products are modernized and tested.

The Omskshina company, despite its young age, is confidently moving towards the production of summer and winter “footwear” for vehicles. The products are marketed under the Matador and Cordiant labels and have repeatedly proven their competitiveness not only in the domestic but also in the world market.

Nizhnekamsk and Moscow tire factories

The Nizhnekamsk plant is one of the largest domestic enterprises producing automobile tires. The average annual turnover of the plant is more than 10 million pieces. The assortment of OJSC Nizhnekamskshina includes more than 150 items of various purposes, different types and sizes. A fifth of the products are exported to the CIS countries, Great Britain, the Netherlands, Norway, Finland, Jordan, Cuba and other countries. Special technology gives the wheels fuel-saving properties. In addition to passenger vehicles, products from this plant are actively used on various trucks and agricultural vehicles.

The Moscow Tire Plant produces about fifty models of tires that are used on trucks, cars, buses and trolleybuses. The plant has formed a professional group of engineers who are developing innovative modifications with increased strength indicators (textile and metal cords and other additions are used). The products are in demand both in the domestic market and abroad.

Ural and Yaroslavl tires

Ural manufacturers specialize in the production of motorcycle, passenger and industrial tires, including specific massive “Superelastic” tires. This type is unique, developed as a trouble-free modification for a wide range of special equipment, and has no analogues in the Russian Federation.

The plant is developing innovative production technologies aimed at producing environmentally friendly kits used in the food and pharmaceutical fields. Additionally, the quality of the products is confirmed by repeated prizes and awards at various exhibitions and competitions.

Yaroslavl tires are produced by an enterprise in the JSC format, which is part of the SIBUR holding. One of the leading companies in this area produces more than two hundred types and types of tires. The main products include:

• tires for passenger cars in a modern design with a metal cord;
• TsMK truck tires;
• aviation modifications designed for different types civil and military apparatus.

Equipment for passenger cars

Russian tires for passenger cars must meet certain parameters. The wear resistance of tires is taken into account, as well as efficiency, a combination of price and quality indicators. Those drivers who are addicted extreme driving, more attention is paid to aspects of acceleration, speed maintenance and road grip.

Important parameters of tires are stability different types routes, minimal susceptibility to hydroplaning, as well as noise levels. Leaders among domestic summer tires are the Nordman SX, Cordiant Road, and Matador Stella-2 brands. They are rightfully included in the top ten among similar specimens.

The Maloya Eutura Primato (Amtel) passenger tires performed well in testing. It is worth noting that finding them on our shelves is not so easy. Most of this modification is exported to Europe, thanks to good performance handling on any type of road surface combined with an affordable price.

Jeep tires

Russian ones differ in terms of performance from options for passenger cars. This is not surprising, since they are subject to slightly different requirements. The main emphasis on such tires is on the level of grip on any type of road surface.

Among domestic manufacturers in this segment, Russian ones are popular Cordiant tires, Amtel, as well as products from Yaroslavl and Nizhnekamsk plants. There are several particularly successful modifications:

1. Cordiant All Terrain- perform well on any surface, regardless of the weather.
2. Ya-471, Ya-192 - have been produced for several decades, are not very stable on wet asphalt, but they perfectly overcome any off-road conditions. Often used for military equipment.
3. I-502/520 are all-season tires that feel confident on any route. They have high braking performance.
4. "Kama Euro-22" - included in the standard equipment of the "Niva-Chevrolet" car, they have a combined structure with improved stability indicators on any type of road surface.

Briefly about other domestic manufacturers

Depending on the time of year, summer or winter tires are popular. Russia is a country with different climatic zones, so tire manufacturers produce all types and types of products used in a particular region. In addition to the above-mentioned factories, it is popular car tires from Volga developers. This plant developed patented Voltyre brand tires, which are registered in many countries around the world and have been repeatedly awarded with prizes at the international level.

A wide range of products is produced at the Kirov Tire Plant. This plant cooperates with automobile giants GAZ, VAZ, UAZ. At the same time, the company produces summer and winter tires for trucks, cars and special equipment.

Conclusion

Russian tires have recently been in no way inferior to their foreign counterparts, as evidenced by recommendations from experts and consumer reviews. When choosing new “shoes” for your car, you should not be guided solely by the country of origin. It is necessary to make reasonable comparisons between performance characteristics, warranties, cost, vehicle type, tire markings and personal preferences.