Engine Chevrolet 1.8 F18D4 (141 hp) Cruz, Opel Mocha

Brief description

The Chevrolet 1.8 F18D4 engine was installed on Chevrolet Cruze 1.8 cars ( Chevrolet Cruze) and Opel Mokka. The engine has been produced since 2008.
Peculiarities. The Chevrolet 1.8 F18D4 engine is an improved engine. The engine received a variable valve timing system VVT intake and exhaust channels and a system for changing the length of the intake pipe channels. The gas distribution mechanism drive remained belt driven, but the belt life was increased to 150 thousand km. Hydraulic compensators have been removed, replaced by calibrated glasses that need to be changed every 100 thousand km. There is no EGR on this engine. Engine 1.8 F18D4 140 hp was spared typical problems 1.8 F18D3.
The engine life remained the same - around 250,000 km.

Engine characteristics Chevrolet 1.8 F18D4 (141 hp) Cruze, Opel Mocha

Design

Four-stroke four-cylinder petrol with electronic system fuel injection and ignition control, with an in-line arrangement of cylinders and pistons rotating one common crankshaft, with an overhead camshaft with a phase control system. The engine has a closed-type liquid cooling system with forced circulation. The lubrication system is combined.

Inlet and exhaust valves

The diameter of the intake valve plate is 31.0 mm, the exhaust valve is 27.5 mm. The diameter of the intake and exhaust valve stem is 5.0 mm. The length of the intake valve is 114.0 mm, and the exhaust valve is 113.2 mm. The intake valve is made of chrome-silicon alloy, and the exhaust head is made of chrome-manganese-nickel alloy, the stem is made of chrome-silicon alloy.

Service

Changing the oil in the Chevrolet 1.8 F18D4 engine. On a Chevrolet Cruze and Opel Mokka with a 1.8 F18D4 (141 hp) engine, change the oil every 15 thousand km or 12 months. The engine contains 4.5 liters of oil. When changing oil with a filter element, you will need 4.1-4.5 liters, without a filter - about 4 liters. Oil type: 5W-30, 5W-40, 0W-30 and 0W-40 ( low temperatures), class - GM-LL-A-025. Approved oil is GM Dexos2.
Replacing the timing belt for Chevrolet 1.8 F16D4 Cruze. Once every 100 thousand km you need to check its condition. The timing belt and rollers are replaced every 150 thousand km (otherwise the belt will break and the valve will bend).
Change spark plugs every 60 thousand km. NGK spark plugs ZFR6U-11.
Air filter Chevrolet 1.8 must be replaced after 50 thousand km of its service.
Replace coolant in 1.8 F14D4 According to GM regulations, it is required every 240 thousand km or 5 years (for Russian Federation conditions it is better once every 2 years). Fill with GM Dex-Cool antifreeze.

Both a chain and a belt, to put it briefly. The first models from the company General Motors– Chevrolet first rolled off the assembly line in 1998. The engine line at that time was represented by one copy with a volume of 1.4 liters (A14NET/NEL). A little later, engines with volumes of 1.6 and 1.8 liters were installed under the markings F16D4 and F18D4, respectively. The first 1.4 engine had a pre-installed chain-type timing belt, the next two were classic in the form of a belt.

Briefly about the timing drive

The gas distribution mechanism is an important component in the engine. This unit drives the camshaft and crankshaft. Under pressure, the combustible mixture in the combustion chamber ignites, and the car moves.

The belt, as a drive element, has become so popular that the percentage exceeds 75% of all technical means, commercially available. Previously, the figure barely reached 25%.

Advantages and disadvantages of belt drive

The vast majority of naturally aspirated Chevrolet Cruze engines are equipped with a belt drive. Among the many “advantages”, we denote the following:

• ease of replacement and installation;
• lack of lubricating medium;
• low noise level. The noise level is a record 15%.

At the same time, there are drawbacks, or rather one, but significant one - a short service life. In practice, the mileage does not exceed 70 - 80 thousand km. Subject to an aggressive driving style or engine oil getting on the belt, the service life is reduced by a third. Considering the many fakes, the service life hardly exceeds the 60,000 km mark.

Advantages and disadvantages of chain drive

As already mentioned, the chain is used only on a 1.4 liter engine.

Advantages:

• length of service life of the vehicle. Real mileage is at least 150,000 km. Subject to proper use of the machine, the resource reaches 180,000 km;
• reliability;
• structural strength.

Disadvantages are also present:

• the biggest and main “minus” is excessive noise during operation;
• the need to install additional parts for the full functioning of the mechanism, such as a tensioner, damper;
• systematic prevention, replenishment of the missing amount of lubricant. Otherwise, the chain will simply jam.

Tensioning chain links is a complex process and is only possible with working tension rollers. Under high oil pressure, the roller and spring regulate the chain tension during the rotation of the crankshaft and camshaft of the Chevrolet Cruze.

Chain or belt. Which is better

It is impossible to answer the question unambiguously. Because each has its pros and cons. The owner of a Chevrolet Cruze chooses a car based on his needs and needs. There is a question about choosing the type of drive; it is better to give preference to a belt drive. Despite its short service life, installing a new belt takes five minutes, unlike a chain.

If the Chevrolet Cruze is planned to be used in special climatic regions with negative temperatures, choose a chain drive. The belt is less adapted to the cold. And if you take into account the ingress of ice water, the final solution is obvious.

Regardless of the type of pre-installed timing drive mechanism, carry out a technical inspection, install only high-quality and original parts, use a moderate management style Chevrolet car Cruze.

Timing replacement for Chevrolet Cruze 1.8 liters (141 hp) are required every 150,000 kilometers. Yes, that’s exactly how long modern timing belts run. True, replacement may be required for another reason. For example, the timing roller has failed or the belt has gotten motor oil. In this case, there is no need to postpone repairs. Let's not forget that if the timing belt on a Chevrolet Cruze breaks, the valves bend and your car will require expensive engine repairs. The operation of replacing the timing belt is very complicated. Since you will need a special tool to secure the camshafts from turning, a pit or overpass. Plus, this procedure will take quite a lot of time to disassemble and remove various parts.

Let's start with the timing diagram of the Chevrolet Cruze 1.8, so that it is clear what we have in front of us.

We hasten to please you, this design has timing marks. However, to install the belt, we will definitely need to secure the camshaft pulleys from turning, otherwise we will not be able to install everything according to the marks. We begin disassembling the Cruze 1.8 liter engine. To work, we will need a pit or overpass, since some of the work will have to be carried out from below.

Under the Chevrolet Cruze engine compartment, use a 13mm socket to unscrew the four bolts securing the protection power unit to the front suspension subframe. We remove the power unit protection, supporting it with an adjustable stop. Next, remove the right mudguard engine compartment. We take out two pistons that simultaneously connect the shield and the right wheel liner. Using the “8” head, unscrew the three self-tapping screws securing the shield to the subframe. By sliding the right shield down, we remove it from under the wheel arch liner and remove it.

Unscrew the screws securing the right fender liner front wheel to the front bumper and fender and remove the pins securing the front part of the fender liner to the body, bend the front part of the fender liner and place it behind the brake disc.

To check the condition of the timing belt head E-10 Unscrew the two screws securing the top drive cover. Remove the cover.

By turning the crankshaft with the E-18 head clockwise by the screw securing the auxiliary drive pulley, we assess the condition of the timing belt.

To replace the timing belt, remove the drive belt for Chevrolet Cruze auxiliary units and dismantle its tensioner.

To access the timing belt, the right power unit support must be removed. We install a height-adjustable stop through a wooden block under the engine oil pan. Remove the air filter.

Using a 15mm socket, unscrew the two bolts securing the right power unit support to the side member, the three bolts securing the support to the engine bracket and the nut securing the support to the body mudguard. Remove the support from the engine compartment.

We remove the spark plugs. To access the ends of the camshafts, remove the cylinder head cover. By pulling up, remove the casings of the engine management system wiring harnesses from the cylinder head cover holders. We move the spring clamp of the tip of the crankcase ventilation tube. Remove the tube tip from the cylinder head cover fitting.

Head E-10 unscrew the 11 screws securing the cylinder head cover. Remove the engine cylinder head cover.

Before removing the belt, install the crankshaft and camshafts to the TDC (top dead center) position of the compression stroke of the first cylinder. To do this, turn the crankshaft clockwise by the screw securing the auxiliary drive pulley until the mark on the auxiliary drive pulley coincides with the mark on the lower timing cover. The crankshaft timing marks are clearly visible in the next photo.

In this case, the grooves made on the shanks of both camshafts should be located parallel and almost at the same level with the surface of the cylinder head adjacent to the cylinder head cover. Let's look at the photos below.

If the grooves on the camshaft shanks do not occupy the specified position, turn the crankshaft one more turn (360 degrees) clockwise and again check the correct installation of the crankshaft and camshafts.

Head E-18 Unscrew the screw securing the auxiliary drive pulley. In order to keep the crankshaft from turning, we place stops under the car’s wheels, engage fifth gear in the gearbox and ask an assistant to firmly press and hold the brake pedal.

If it was not possible to unscrew the pulley mounting screw in this way, then, having unscrewed the two bolts with a 15mm head, we dismantle the dirt protection plate that closes the gap at the junction of the gearbox housing and the engine crankcase - next to the housing of the internal hinge of the right wheel drive.

We insert a slotted screwdriver through the gap between the flywheel teeth and rest it on the differential bearing cover, thereby blocking the crankshaft from turning. Unscrew and remove the screw securing the auxiliary drive pulley. We remove the pulley.

Using a 15mm socket, unscrew the three bolts securing the bracket for the right support of the power unit (the coolant pump pulley has been removed for clarity). Remove the bracket.

Using a slotted screwdriver, release the lock of the middle timing cover on one side and on the other.

Lift and remove the middle timing cover. Using an E-10 head with an extension, unscrew the four screws securing the lower timing cover. Remove the timing cover of the Chevrolet Cruze 1.8 engine. We again check that the engine valve timing is set correctly.

With the auxiliary drive pulley removed, check that the mark on the crankshaft toothed pulley matches the mark on the cylinder block cover. The marks on the toothed pulleys of both camshafts should be located opposite each other.

If necessary, turn the crankshaft to the required position using the screw securing the auxiliary pulley, screwed into place through a suitable thrust bushing.

In order to secure the camshafts from turning when replacing the belt, it is necessary to make a device from a metal plate or angle. The dimensions of the device are shown in the following photo.

A camshaft locking tool will help you install the new belt correctly. Chevrolet timing belt Cruze 1.8.

We insert the device into the grooves on the camshaft shanks. The plate will fix the shafts relative to each other.

Attention! To avoid damaging the camshaft position sensor master discs, install the plate so that it does not touch the discs. For this purpose, two recesses are made in the plate.

To loosen the belt tension, insert a “6” hexagon into the hole in the roller and, turning the roller clockwise with the hexagon, loosen the belt tension and pull the belt off the roller. Remove the timing belt from the camshaft and crankshaft timing belts.

The timing belt of the Chevrolet Cruze 1.6 liter (141 hp) has 146 teeth, a width of 24 mm.

Attention! After removing the belt, the crankshaft must not be turned to avoid the valves sticking into the pistons. If necessary, replace the tension roller with a star wrench Torx T-50 unscrew the screw securing it. We're filming a video.

To replace the belt guide roller, use a Torx T-50 wrench to unscrew the roller mounting screw. We're filming a video. When installing the tension roller, insert the protruding end of its spring (on back side roller) into the corresponding groove on the cylinder block cover.

Before installing the belt, check for consistency alignment marks(see above) correct installation of the crankshaft and the housings of the camshaft actuators of the phase control system. If necessary, turn the crankshaft and camshaft toothed pulleys to the desired position. We put the belt on the toothed pulleys of the crankshaft and camshafts and place the belt behind the guide roller. By turning the tension roller clockwise, we put the belt behind it and release the roller. This will automatically tighten the belt.

We remove the fixing device from the grooves of the camshaft shanks. Turn the crankshaft two turns clockwise using the screw securing the auxiliary drive pulley.

We check the valve timing again. If the installation marks do not match, we repeat the procedure for installing the Chevrolet Cruze timing belt again.

If everything is in order, first tighten the screw securing the auxiliary drive pulley to a torque of 95 Nm. Next, turn it 30 degrees, and then another 15 degrees.

All other parts and components Chevrolet engine Cruze 1.8 liters are installed in the reverse order.

The frequency of replacing the timing belt on a Chevrolet Cruze is 60,000 km or every 4 years (whichever happens faster). However, it is recommended to check the timing belt every 100,000 km. When checking, you need to pay attention to the condition of the belt. Replacement is needed if its teeth are worn out, cuts, cracks, folds appear, or the fabric begins to peel off from the rubber. There should be no protruding threads or delaminations on the end faces, and the normal outer surface of the timing belt should not have any bulges or indentations.

What you will need to replace the Chevrolet Cruze timing belt

In addition, traces of oil are not allowed on it - it quickly destroys rubber materials; such a belt should be replaced immediately. As a rule, oil stains the belt due to leaky crankshaft and camshaft seals. Be that as it may, the cause of oil leakage must be eliminated.

It is worth noting that the immediate procedure for replacing the Chevrolet Cruze timing belt will require several preparatory stages. The simplest of them are recommendations to install the car on a pit, overpass or lift, and acquire the necessary tools and consumables.

To replace the timing belt you will need: keys 10, 14, 17, sliding pliers, hexagon 5, timing belt kit.

Before replacing the Chevrolet Cruze timing belt, it is necessary to remove the auxiliary drive belt and dismantle the housing air filter, removing the front right wheel and setting the piston of the first cylinder to TDC. All of these procedures (with the exception of wheel removal) are worth mentioning separately - these are the first steps in the instructions for replacing the timing belt.

Removing the Chevrolet Cruze air filter housing

To remove the air filter housing, you need a flat-head screwdriver and a 10mm wrench. First, you need to loosen the clamp of the supply hose and disconnect it from the air filter housing pipe. Then squeeze the clamp and disconnect the power steering system hose, which is held by a bracket on the air filter housing.

Next, you need to lift and remove the housing holders from the mounts on the body, and then disconnect the intake air sensor wiring harness from the bracket. Then disconnect the wire connector from the sensor. Remove the air filter housing by pulling the lower pipe out of the neck of the air duct.

Removing the Chevrolet Cruze alternator belt

Removing the auxiliary drive belt, in principle, gives an idea of ​​how the Chevrolet Cruze alternator belt is replaced. To work you will need a 14 key.

Before you begin removing the belt, for convenience, you should remove the air filter housing.

Take off drive belt It’s very simple to do it yourself - you need to loosen the belt tension by turning the tension roller clockwise with a key. After this, you can remove the strap from the pulleys, remembering how it was installed. Installation in reverse order.

Marks when replacing the Chevrolet Cruze timing belt

In order not to disturb the valve timing when replacing the timing belt, the piston of the 1st cylinder is set at TDC (top dead center) of the compression stroke using marks on the camshaft pulleys. If you set it according to the marks on the crankshaft, the piston of either the 1st or 4th cylinder may be at TDC.

Having installed the piston at TDC, you should check whether the marks on the crankshaft pulley match. If they are not aligned, then the phases are out of order - you need to remove the belt and turn the crankshaft until the marks match.

When installing the piston of the 1st cylinder at top dead center, the marks on the camshaft timing pulleys should be opposite each other, and the mark on the crankshaft timing pulley should be opposite the slot on the rear timing cover.

Look interesting video on this topic:

The surface of the toothed part of the belt should not have cracks, undercuts of teeth and separation of fabric from rubber, and the reverse side of the belt should not have wear, exposing the cord threads, and signs of burning. There should be no delamination or fraying on the end surfaces of the belt. If there is damage, the belt must be replaced. The belt must also be replaced if traces of oil are found on it (before replacing the belt, the cause of its oiling should be eliminated) or when replacing a failed belt tension or guide roller.

Once the mileage reaches 150 thousand km, the belt must be replaced, regardless of its condition.

We carry out the work with an assistant on an inspection ditch or overpass.

We start by removing the protection of the power unit.

From the bottom of the car, using a 13mm head, unscrew the four bolts securing the power unit protection to the front suspension subframe.

We remove the power unit protection, supporting it with an adjustable stop.

We take out two pistons that simultaneously connect the shield and the right wheel liner.

Using the “8” head, unscrew the three self-tapping screws securing the shield to the subframe.

By sliding the right shield down, we remove it from under the wheel arch liner and remove it.

We unscrew the screws securing the fender liner of the right front wheel to the front bumper and fender and remove the pins securing the front part of the fender liner to the body, bend the front part of the fender liner and place it behind the brake disc.

To check the condition of the belt, use the E-10 head to unscrew the two screws securing the upper timing cover.

Remove the cover.

By turning the E-18 head the crankshaft clockwise by the screw securing the auxiliary drive pulley,..

...we assess the condition of the timing belt.

The operation of replacing the timing belt is quite complicated. At dealer authorized services, when replacing a belt, special tools and devices are used to set the engine valve timing. Therefore, carry out independent replacement We recommend that belts be installed only by an experienced performer who has the appropriate skills to repair modern engines.

To replace the timing belt, remove the auxiliary drive belt...

To access the timing belt, the right power unit support must be removed.

We install a height-adjustable stop through a wooden block under the engine oil pan.

Remove the air filter.

Using a 15mm socket, unscrew the two bolts securing the right power unit support to the side member, the three bolts securing the support to the engine bracket and the nut securing the support to the body mudguard.

We remove the support from the engine compartment.

Right power unit support.

To access the ends of the camshafts, remove the cylinder head cover.

By pulling up, remove the casings of the engine management system wiring harnesses from the cylinder head cover holders.

We move the spring clamp of the tip of the crankcase ventilation tube.

Remove the tube tip from the cylinder head cover fitting.

Using the E-10 head, unscrew the 11 screws securing the cylinder head cover.

Remove the cylinder head cover.

For clarity, we show further operations on a dismantled engine.

Before removing the belt, set the crankshaft and camshafts to the TDC (top dead center) position on the compression stroke of the first cylinder.

To do this, turn the crankshaft clockwise by the screw securing the auxiliary drive pulley until the mark on the auxiliary drive pulley coincides with the mark on the lower timing cover.

In this case, the grooves made on the shanks of both camshafts should be located parallel and almost at the same level with the surface of the cylinder head adjacent to the cylinder head cover.

If the grooves on the camshaft shanks do not occupy the specified position, turn the crankshaft one more revolution (360º) clockwise and again check the correct installation of the crankshaft and camshafts.

Using the E-18 head, unscrew the screw securing the auxiliary drive pulley. In order to keep the crankshaft from turning, we place stops under the car’s wheels, engage fifth gear in the gearbox and ask an assistant to firmly press and hold the brake pedal.

If it was not possible to unscrew the pulley mounting screw in this way, then, having unscrewed the two bolts with a 15mm head, we dismantle the dirt protection plate that closes the gap at the junction of the gearbox housing and the engine crankcase - next to the housing of the internal hinge of the right wheel drive.

We insert a slotted screwdriver through the gap between the flywheel teeth and rest it on the differential bearing cover, thereby blocking the crankshaft from turning.

Unscrew and remove the screw securing the auxiliary drive pulley.

We remove the pulley.

Using a 15mm socket, unscrew the three bolts securing the bracket for the right support of the power unit (the coolant pump pulley has been removed for clarity).

Remove the bracket.

Use a slotted screwdriver to release the lock of the middle timing cover on one side...

...and on the other hand.

Lift and remove the middle timing cover.

Using an E-10 head with an extension, unscrew the four screws securing the lower timing cover.

Remove the cover .

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Engine timing gear drive.

1 - belt tension roller; 2 - actuator of the camshaft timing control system intake valves; 3 - actuator of the exhaust valve camshaft phase control system; 4 - timing belt; 5 - belt guide roller; 6 - crankshaft toothed pulley

We again check that the engine valve timing is set correctly.

With the auxiliary drive pulley removed, check that the mark on the crankshaft toothed pulley matches the mark on the cylinder block cover.

The marks on the toothed pulleys of both camshafts should be located opposite each other.

If necessary, turn the crankshaft to the required position using the screw securing the auxiliary pulley, screwed into place through a suitable thrust bushing.

In order to secure the camshafts from turning when replacing the belt, it is necessary to make a device from a metal plate or angle.

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Device for fixing camshafts.

We insert the device into the grooves on the camshaft shanks.

The plate will fix the shafts relative to each other.

Attention! To avoid damaging the camshaft position sensor master discs, install the plate so that it does not touch the discs. For this purpose, two recesses are made in the plate.

To loosen the belt tension, insert a “6” hexagon into the hole in the roller and, turning the roller clockwise with the hexagon, loosen the belt tension and pull the belt off the roller.

Remove the timing belt from the camshaft and crankshaft timing belts.

Timing belt, number of teeth 146, width 24 mm.

Attention! After removing the belt, the crankshaft must not be turned to avoid the valves sticking into the pistons.

If it is necessary to replace the tension roller, use a Torx T-50 wrench to unscrew the screw securing it.

We're filming a video.

To replace the belt guide roller, use a Torx T-50 wrench to unscrew the roller mounting screw.

We're filming a video.

When installing the tension roller, insert the protruding end of its spring (on the back of the roller)…

...into the corresponding groove on the cylinder block cover.

Before installing the belt, check by matching the installation marks (see above) that the crankshaft and the housings of the camshaft actuators of the phase control system are installed correctly. If necessary, turn the crankshaft and camshaft toothed pulleys to the desired position. We put the belt on the toothed pulleys of the crankshaft and camshafts and place the belt behind the guide roller. By turning the tension roller clockwise, we put the belt behind it and release the roller. This will automatically tighten the belt.

We remove the fixing device from the grooves of the camshaft shanks. Turn the crankshaft two turns clockwise using the screw securing the auxiliary drive pulley.

We check the valve timing again. If the installation marks do not match, repeat the procedure for installing the timing belt.

First tighten the screw securing the auxiliary drive pulley to a torque of 95Nm. Next, turn it by 30°, and then another 15°.

We install all other parts and components in the reverse order.