Is it possible to mix Dextron 3 oil. Truths and myths about Dexron transmission fluid. History of Dexron lubricants

In one of our recent articles, we talked in detail about manual and automatic transmissions. Today we will tell you about one of them, which is recommended to be used as a lubricant not only for gearboxes, but also for all-wheel drive transmissions and power steering. We are talking about Dexron service fluid (Dextron or Dexron).

What is Dexron

Speaking about transmission fluids, it should be noted that some automobile manufacturers developed their own tolerances and standards for these oils, which subsequently became generally accepted characteristics for companies specializing in the production of technical fluids for cars. These include the General Motors concern, which back in 1968 released the first transmission fluid for automatic boxes ATF (Automatic Transmission Fluid) transmissions of their cars. The company's marketers gave this product the name Dexron, which became a registered trademark for a group of technical specifications for automatic transmission fluids. Under it, General Motors and other manufacturers of technical fluids still produce transmission oils for automatic transmissions.

The original Dextron fluid has been produced since 1968, but four years later General Motors was forced to stop producing it. There were two reasons: weak technical properties and... protest from environmentalists. The fact is that in the composition of Dextron-B, the manufacturing company used oil from whale sperm, which served as a friction modifier (friction modifier). Since whales are considered an endangered species of wild animals, the Endangered Species Act was passed in the United States in 1973, according to which it was prohibited to use any substances of rare species of flora and fauna in the production of industrial and food products.

The second reason is purely technical. Whale oil did not withstand the high temperatures that developed in automatic transmissions produced in the 1970s and lost its essential properties as a friction modifier. Therefore, the management of General Motors decided to develop a different formula for Dextron, without whale oil.

So in 1972, a new transmission fluid, Dexron II C, appeared on the market, which contained jojoba oil as a friction modifier. But this product also turned out to be imperfect: its components caused corrosion of GM automatic transmission cooler parts. To avoid this, corrosion inhibitors were added to the fluid - additives that suppress the appearance of rust on automatic transmission parts and components. Dextron with such additives was called IID, and it entered the market in 1975. As with its predecessor, Dexron IID was far from perfect: the corrosion inhibitor added to its composition provoked hygroscopicity transmission fluid– it actively absorbed water vapor from the air and quite quickly lost its working properties. This is why Dextron IID is no longer used in vehicles with hydraulic systems.

A further evolution of Dextron was the liquid labeled IIE, produced from the late 1980s to 1993. The manufacturer added new chemical additives to its composition, which made it possible to avoid the excessive hygroscopicity of Dextron. The differences between Dexron IID and Dexron IIE are their basis: the first is mineral, and the second is synthetic. Due to its synthetic “base”, Dextron IIE has the best performance characteristics - it maintains optimal viscosity at low temperatures and has an extended service life.

The year 1993 was marked by the appearance of a new product on the gear oil market - Dexron III.

This was the latest development by General Motors, differing from its predecessor in its improved friction properties and viscosity (at low temperatures it better retained its fluidity and ability to lubricate gearbox components). That is why this ATF is recommended for use in countries where winter temperatures drop below 30 degrees Celsius. This fluid is now used by many automakers when refueling automatic transmissions of their models. The advantage of this transmission fluid is its ability to optimally interact with oils that were previously developed by GM - the same Dextron IID, IIE, IIC and even Dextron-B, and replace them.

In 2005, General Motors introduced a new generation of transmission fluid Dextron - VI, which was specially developed for use in the new six-speed automatic transmission Hydra-Matic 6L80.

The interaction mechanism in this checkpoint has been changed gear ratios, in which the surfaces of the clutch units mated directly, without an “intermediary” in the form of a rubber buffer. This made it possible to reduce torque losses when transmitting it to the drive axle and to avoid failures when moving from stage to stage. To perform these functions optimally, a transmission fluid with low viscosity, improved lubricating properties, and high resistance to foaming and corrosion was required. It was the working fluid Dextron VI.

The concern completely switched to this fluid for automatic transmissions of its cars at the end of 2006, although many manufacturers technical oils the third Dextron is still being produced, as well as Dextron IID and IIE. GM itself no longer regulates or confirms the quality of operating fluids produced under this standard.

The difference between the “sixth” Dextron and the “third” was its lower kinematic viscosity - a maximum of 6.5 centistokes at a temperature of 100 degrees Celsius, while for Dextron III at the same temperature it is 7.5 centistokes. A reduced degree of kinematic viscosity allows the transmission fluid to reduce friction losses, which leads to increased fuel efficiency. Also, this transmission fluid has an extended service life, which is why it was given the term “non-replaceable”. This is incorrect, since Dextron VI is also prone to aging, but it needs to be replaced less often than the same Dextron III (on average, 7-8 years after the start of the car’s operation). A list of all General Motors licensed Dextron VI transmission fluid manufacturers can be found.

Where is Dexron used?

Transmission fluids currently produced under the Dexron brand are widely used in lubrication systems of various components and mechanisms of automobiles. If in the first half of the twentieth century Dextron was mainly used as working fluid for automatic transmissions, today the range of its application has expanded.

DEXRON Automatic Transmission Fluid (ATF)- V automatic transmissions cars manufactured after 2006. Contains a wide list of components: viscosity modifiers, anti-foam, anti-corrosion, antioxidant and other additives, surfactants that clean and protect metal surfaces. Currently, two types of such liquid are produced: standard and HP (high performance). The latter is used in automatic transmission lubrication systems of cars operating in extreme conditions.

Depending on the climatic conditions in which cars with automatic transmissions in which Dextron is used as a transmission fluid are operated, General Motors recommends using the following ATF:

• Dextron IID - in countries where the winter air temperature does not drop below -15 degrees Celsius
• Dextron IIE - in countries where the air temperature in winter does not fall below -30 degrees Celsius
• Dextron III - in countries where winter temperatures do not drop below -40 degrees Celsius.
• Dextron VI - in countries where in winter the air temperature drops below -40 degrees Celsius.

Is it possible to mix Dextrons with different compositions?

This is one of the most interesting questions for car enthusiasts when it comes to replacing outdated transmission fluid. The original manufacturer of Dextron, General Motors, has issued the following recommendations for mixing and interchangeability. It is possible to mix, that is, add “oil” with other technical characteristics to the existing volume of transmission fluid only within the limits specified by the gearbox manufacturer. For example, mixing mineral Dextron IID with synthetic Dextron IIE can cause a chemical reaction that will lead to the precipitation of substances (especially additives) that can impair the performance of the fluid and harm the components and mechanisms of the gearbox. But mineral Dextron IID can be mixed with mineral Dextron III, but with an eye on what additives the manufacturer uses in these liquids. After all, if the bases of such ATFs do not conflict, then the additives may react, which will lead to a deterioration in the performance characteristics of the gearbox.

Another thing is with the mutual replacement of Dextron transmission fluids: here the manufacturer’s recommendations are clearer.

• Dexron IID can be replaced by Dexron IIE in any type of transmission, as the effectiveness of their friction modifiers is identical. But the reverse replacement of the “transmission” Dextron IIE with Dextron IID is not recommended.
• Dexron III can be poured into vehicle transmissions that have already used Dexron II transmission fluid. But only if the amount of friction-reducing modifiers in the original fluid was less than that of the new fluid. Reverse replacement, that is, a “second” Dextron instead of a “third”, subject to the specified conditions, is prohibited.
• If the gearbox equipment does not provide for a reduction in the friction coefficient, provided that the manufacturer has increased the efficiency of the modifiers, then Dextron II is not replaced with Dextron III.

Operating conditions for Dextron transmission fluids

Whatever tolerances the manufacturers of transmission fluids give, we advise you to listen to the recommendations of engineers from General Motors and companies that produce automatic transmissions. The most important recommendation that you should focus on is the “transmission type” marking on the automatic transmission oil dipstick. If it says Dexron III, then feel free to fill the system with the third Dextron and only it. Why? Yes, because no one guarantees you adequate operation of the gearbox when switching from the recommended fluid to another. If you pour non-recommended transmission fluid into an automatic transmission, dire consequences can occur. Let's name the most common ones:

• the transition from stage to stage may take longer due to slipping of the clutch discs. This is due to parameters different from those recommended by the manufacturer (low or high friction properties of the newly filled ATF). An increase in gear shift time, so-called “slips,” threatens increased fuel consumption;
• violation of the smoothness of gear shifting. Occurs due to an increase in the time it takes for the operating pressure of the transmission fluid to build up. Here, too, the problem is in the frictional properties of Dextrons of different compositions. It can lead to failure of the friction discs, and, as a result, to repair of the automatic transmission.

Hydraulic power steering is designed to make steering easier, as well as dampen vibrations and shocks that occur on the steering wheel. In order for it to last a long time and work stably, it is necessary to regularly change the oil in it and monitor its quality. The article discusses Dextron oils, including Dextron 3 for power steering, and gives their description, advantages and disadvantages.

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Description of the liquid

The power steering design consists of several mechanisms, which are visible in the diagram.

The entire mechanism is washed by a special hydraulic fluid (PSF).

It has the following functions:

• transmits pressure from the pump to the piston;
• has a lubricating effect;
• has anti-corrosion properties;
• cools the components and mechanisms of the unit.

Which circulates in a closed circuit, the created pressure is transmitted from the pump to other components of the unit. When high pressure is created in the pump, PSF enters the low pressure zone where the SGC pistons are located. The cylinder is connected to the steering wheel rack using a spool. Depending on the position of the steering wheel, the spool directs oil, making it easier to turn the steering wheel.

An important function of PSF is to remove excess heat from mechanisms. In addition, acting as a lubricant, it reduces friction between moving components. Anti-corrosion additives in the composition prevent rust from forming inside the mechanism.

Compound

PSFs are divided into three types:

• mineral;
• semi-synthetic;
• synthetic.

Mineral ones contain 97% naphthenes and paraffins, the rest are additives that impart certain properties. Semi-synthetics contain both mineral and synthetic components. They have a longer service life and better performance. Synthetic PSF contains polyesters, hydrocracked petroleum fractions, and polyhydric alcohols. In addition, they contain additives that improve its properties.

PSF contains the following additives:

• to reduce friction between parts;
• against corrosion processes;
• viscosity stabilizing;
• acidity stabilizing;
• giving color;
• preventing foaming;
• to protect rubber parts.

When choosing power steering oil, you should pay attention to the composition and technical characteristics (video author - Vladislav Chikov).

Pros and cons

Each type of working fluid has its own advantages and disadvantages:

Interchangeability and miscibility

The manufacturer introduced the qualification of power steering fluids by color by adding coloring pigments to their composition: red, yellow and green. Red power steering oils are developed according to General Motors standards; they are called Dextrons.

Today, the most commonly used are Dextron 3 and Dextron 4. The parent company does not produce Dextron 3; other companies produce it under license. The second type of Dextron is produced both by the parent company and by licensed manufacturers.

Yellow oils are produced by Daimler. They are mainly used in Mercedes. Third-party companies also produce yellow PSF under license from Daimler.

Green liquids are produced by the German concern Pentosin. They are popular with Peugeot, VAG, Citroen and other models.

You cannot mix hydraulic fluids that have different chemical compositions: mineral water, semi-synthetic and synthetic.

It is possible to mix liquids of the same color only if they have a similar chemical composition. You can mix PSF in 2 colors: red and yellow. Green power steering oil should not be mixed with red or yellow, as they have different chemical bases. Therefore, only green liquids can be mixed with each other.

Price issue

The price of hydraulic steering fluids varies greatly. Original products are always more expensive.

Video “Power steering oil”

This video gives an overview of the PSF Dextron III (the author of the video is Nik86 auto-construction).

In the second half of the 20th century, when the automotive industry became not only widespread, but also international, an urgent need arose for the classification and organization of lubricants.

At this time, the Lubrizol laboratory, owned by one of the leading automotive companies, created new standard for transmission oils. This standard is called Dexron.

Subsequently, the standard was repeatedly revised and modified. Today, most cars operated in the Russian Federation are designed for the Dextron 3 standard.

Although this standard has been replaced by a more advanced one several years ago. Below we will examine in detail what Dexron 3 lubricants are.

History of Dexron lubricants

GM introduced an innovative transmission compound called Dexron in 1967. In 1968 this gear oil began to be mass produced.

Chronology of the development of Dextron lubricants

Since about the end of 1968, almost all new transmissions of cars manufactured by GM have been filled with Dextron oil. The first version of transmission fluid from General Motors turned out quite well for its time.

After independent tests, it was proven that its properties exceed most of the compounds used at that time. And Dexron gear oils have become widespread.

Just three years after the presentation, the company had disagreements with environmental services and associations advocating environmental protection.

The fact is that whale oil was used as a friction modifier in the first generation Dextron lubricants. And to obtain it on an industrial scale, whales were massacred.

After the ban on the use of animal fat as a friction modifier, Dextron 2 lubricant appeared in 1972. However, it had a serious drawback: the package of additives used greatly accelerated the corrosion of automatic transmission cooling system elements.

Released in 1973 new version of this lubricant: Dexron IID. Among the significant disadvantages, high hygroscopicity was noted, which reduced its service life.

Latest version The second generation Dextron was released in 1990 and received the IIE index. The composition of the additives was significantly revised for it, which improved the low-temperature properties of the lubricant.

In 1993, Dexron III gear lubricant was first introduced. It was an innovative lubricant, significantly superior in all properties to its predecessor. It also began to be widely used as power steering fluid.

In 1997, the third generation ATP Dextron oil was redesigned. The index G was added to the name. The main changes affected the antioxidant properties. Improved oxidation resistance has made it possible to change the lubricant less often when operating in harsh conditions.

In 2003, Dextron 3 oil received its latest and most significant update. Firstly, oil of groups 2 and 3 began to be used for the base. That is, the base has significantly increased in quality, which affected its service life.

The additive package was also modified. Anti-foam, anti-corrosion, protective and lubricating qualities have improved. The latest version of the oil in this series is called Dexron IIIG.

Characteristics and scope of application of Dexron 3 oils

One of the questions that many people are confused about is this: Is Dextron 3 synthetic or mineral water? The first two versions (IIIF and IIIG) are pure mineral water. The latest modification, IIIH, is rather semi-synthetic, as it is made from bases of classes 2 and 3 according to API.

The viscosity of Dexron 3 lubricants is distinguished by its stability. With changes in temperature and during the general aging of the oil, the viscosity changes its parameters slightly.

The working viscosity for lubricants in this category is in the range from 7 to 7.5 cSt. That is, Dextron 3 oils in automatic transmissions can serve for a long time without replacement due to loss of viscosity properties.

In general, all Dexron lubricants that have been certified by General Motors are suitable for use in all automatic transmissions designed for this lubricant.

It is important to ensure that a certificate is actually obtained for a particular lubricant, since key characteristics may differ for non-certified lubricants. At the same time, the manufacturer may write on the canister that the oil is Dexron.

To determine whether a lubricant meets the standards, you can refer to the list of certified manufacturers, which is posted on the company’s official website. For example, among domestic manufacturers, Lukoil Dextron 3 ATF oil is certified.

Areas of application for Dextron III oil:

• Today transmission oils from GM are used not only as ATP fluids. In addition to use in automatic transmissions, Dextron 3 lubricants are also used for other purposes.
• Power Steering Fluid. Dextron 3 oils are often poured into the power steering. Almost all Asian and many European cars use lubricants similar to Dextron III ATF greases, or with similar compositions.
• Manual transmissions, gearboxes, transfer cases, axles and other loaded transmission units. Dextron 3 oils are often used for these units.
• Industrial oils. Some industrial equipment components also use fluids developed by GM.
• Hydraulic oils. Due to their high and stable properties with minimal temperature dependence, Dexron lubricants are used in actuators of hydraulic equipment.

Interchangeability of Dexron 3 with other lubricants

Is it possible to mix Dextrons from different manufacturers and with different indices? Let's briefly answer this question.

In automatic transmissions, it is advisable to use only those transmission fluids recommended by the manufacturer. However, on forums and even serious service stations, technicians often recommend cheaper or more accessible analogues.

But such a replacement will not always be correct. For example, it is better not to change Toyota’s specialized Dextron 3 oil, intended for Asian cars, to Mobile Dextron 3 unless there is reliable information about the possibility of such a replacement.

Even with confirmation of certificates from GM, external similarity and similar viscosity. Although the JASO standard for the Japanese automobile industry was created, including on the developments of GM.

Please note

Dextron 2 and 3 oils can be mixed only if the index increases relative to that required by the car’s service book.

For example, if, according to the requirements of the car manufacturer, Dexron 2 series oil must be poured into the box, then you can safely use any version of Dexron 3 lubricants.

Relationship between JASO and GM standards

The differences between Dextron 2 and 3 in all parameters show improved performance with increasing index. The same goes for Dexron 6 series oils.

It is better not to downgrade the lubricant. This will negatively affect transmission parts within a fairly short period of time.

As for power steering, similar rules apply here. However, you can fill in any other liquid for a short time if it is not possible to purchase a suitable one.

Operating the hydraulic booster dry will have greater negative consequences for the power steering than with unsuitable oil.
About the standards of transmission lubricant Dextron 2,3,6 - video

All power steering fluids differ from each other, not only in color, but also in their characteristics: oil composition, density, viscosity, mechanical properties and other hydraulic indicators.

Therefore, if you are concerned about the long and stable operation of your car’s hydraulic power steering, you need to follow the operating rules, change the fluid in the power steering on time and fill it with the best quality fluid. To operate the power steering pump two types of liquids are used- mineral or synthetic, in combination with additives that play a major role in the operation of the hydraulic booster.

It is quite difficult to determine the best power steering fluid, because according to the manufacturer’s recommendation, it is better to pour the prescribed brand into a particular car. And since not all drivers comply with this requirement, we will try to compile a list of the 15 best power steering fluids that have inspired the most confidence and have collected many positive reviews.

Please note that The following fluids are poured into the power steering:

• regular ATF, as in an automatic transmission;
• Dexron (II - VI), the same as ATP liquid, only a different set of additives;
• PSF (I - IV);
• Multi HF.

Therefore, the TOP of the best power steering fluids will consist of similar categories, respectively.

So, which power steering fluid is best to choose from all those on the market?

Please note that PSF hydraulic fluids from automakers (VAG, Honda, Mitsubishes, Nissan, General Motors and others) are not included, since each of them has its own original oil for the hydraulic booster. Let’s compare and highlight only analogue liquids that are universal and suitable for most cars.

Best Multi HF

Hydraulic oil Motul Multi HF. Multifunctional and high-tech green synthetic fluid for hydraulic systems. It was developed specifically for the latest generation of cars, which are equipped with such systems as: power steering, hydraulic shock absorbers, hydraulic opening roof, etc. Reduces system noise, especially at low temperatures. It has anti-wear, anti-corrosion and anti-foam properties.

Can be chosen as an alternative to the original PSF, since it is designed for hydraulic drives: power steering, shock absorbers, etc.

Has a large list of approvals:

• CHF 11 S, CHF 202 ;
• LDA, LDS;
• VW 521-46 (G002 000 / G004 000 M2);
• BMW 81.22.9.407.758;
• PORSCHE 000.043.203.33;
• MB 345.0;
• GM 1940 715/766/B 040 0070 (OPEL);
• FORD M2C204-A;
• VOLVO STD. 1273.36;
• MAN M3289 (3623/93);
• FENDT X902.011.622;
• Chrysler MS 11655;
• Peugeot H 50126;
• And many others.

Reviews

• - On my focus there was a strong whistle from the power steering pump, after replacing it with that fluid, everything went away as if by hand.
• - I'm going to Chevrolet Aveo, Dextron fluid was filled in, the pump squealed loudly, they recommended changing it, I chose this fluid, the steering wheel became a little tighter, but the squealing immediately disappeared.

• Pros:
• Has approvals for almost all car brands;
• Can be mixed with similar oils;
• Designed to work in hydraulic pumps under heavy load.

• Cons:
• Very high price (from 1000 rub.)

Pentosin CHF 11S. Dark green synthetic high quality hydraulic fluid used by BMW, Ford, Chrysler, GM, Porsche, Saab and Volvo. It can be poured not only into the hydraulic booster, but also into air suspension, shock absorbers and other vehicle systems that require filling of such liquid. Pentosin CHF 11S Central Hydraulic Fluid is suitable for use on vehicles in extreme conditions, as it has an excellent temperature-viscosity balance and can perform its functions from -40°C to 130°C. Distinctive feature is not only a high price, but also a fairly high fluidity - viscosity indicators are about 6-18 mm²/s (at 100 and 40 degrees). For example, for its analogs from other manufacturers according to the FEBI, SWAG, Ravenol standards they are 7-35 mm²/s. Solid track record of approvals from leading automakers.

This popular brand PSF is used off the assembly line by German auto giants. It can be used in any car except Japanese ones without any harm to the power steering system.

Tolerances:

• DIN 51 524T3
• Audi/VW TL 52 146.00
• Ford WSS-M2C204-A
• MAN M3289
• Bentley RH 5000
• ZF TE-ML 02K
• GM/Opel
• Chrysler
• Dodge

Reviews

• - Not a bad liquid, no chips are formed, but it is very aggressive towards aluminum, plastic and seals.
• - After the replacement on my VOLVO S60, a smoother steering motion and quieter power steering operation immediately became noticeable. The howling sounds when the power steering operates in extreme positions have disappeared.
• - I decided to choose Pentosin, although our price is 900 rubles. per liter, but confidence in the car is more important... It’s -38 outside again, the flight is normal.
• - I live in Novosibirsk, in harsh winters the steering wheel turns like a KRAZ, I had to try a lot of different fluids, I did a frosty test, I took 8 popular brands with ATF, Dexron, PSF and CHF fluids. So mineral Dextron became like plasticine, PSF was better, but Pentosin turned out to be the most liquid.

• Pros:
• An extremely inert liquid, it can be mixed with ATF, although it will only provide maximum benefit in its pure form.
• Sufficiently frost-resistant;
• Can be used both on VAZ and premium cars.
• Record holder for compatibility with various seals.

• Cons:
• It does not eliminate pump noise if it existed before replacement, but is only designed to maintain the previous condition.
• Quite a high price from 800 rubles.

Comma PSF MVCHF. Semi-synthetic hydraulic fluid for power steering, central hydraulic systems and adjustable air-hydraulic suspensions. It can also be used in some stability control systems, air conditioners, and hydraulic systems for folding roofs. Compatible with Dexron, CHF11S and CHF202 specification fluids. Like all multi-liquids and some PSFs, it is green in color.

Suitable for some car models: Audi, Seat, VW, Skoda, BMW, Opel, Peugeot, Porsche, Mercedes, Mini, Rolls Royce, Bentley, Saab, Volvo, MAN, which require this type of hydraulic fluid.

Meets the following specifications:

• VW/Audi G 002 000/TL52146
• BMW 81.22.9.407.758
• Opel B040.0070
• MB 345.00
• Porsche 000.043.203.33
• MAN 3623/93 CHF11S
• ISO 7308
• DIN 51 524T2

Reviews

• - Comma PSF is comparable to Mobil Synthetic ATF, it does not freeze in severe frosts on the packaging they say up to -54, I don’t know, but -25 flows without problems.

• Pros:
• Has approvals for almost all European cars;
• Does well in the cold;
• Relatively low price for a quality product (from 600 rubles per liter);
• Meets Dexron specifications.

• Cons:
• Unlike similar PSF from the same company or other analogues, this type of hydraulic fluid cannot be mixed with other ATF and power steering fluids!

RAVENOL Hydraulik PSF Fluid- hydraulic fluid from Germany. Fully synthetic. Unlike most Multi or PSF fluids, it is the same color as ATF - red. It has a consistently high viscosity index and high oxidation resistance. It is produced on the basis of hydrocracking base oil with the addition of polyalphaolefins with the addition of a special complex of additives and inhibitors. It is a special semi-synthetic fluid for power steering of modern cars. In addition to the hydraulic booster, it is used in all types of transmissions (manual transmission, automatic transmission, gearbox and axles). According to the manufacturer, it has high thermal stability and can withstand low temperatures down to -40°C.

If it is not possible to buy original hydraulic fluid, this good choice for Korean or Japanese car for a nice price.

Compliance:

• Citroen/Peugeot 9735EJ for C-Crosser/9735EJ for PEUGEOT 4007
• Ford WSA-M2C195-A
• HONDA PSF-S
• Hyundai PSF-3
• KIA PSF-III
• MAZDA PSF
• MITSUBISHI DIAMOOND PSF-2M
• Subaru PS Fluid
• Toyota PSF-EH

Reviews

• - I changed it on my Hyundai Santa Fe, filled it in instead of the original, because I don’t see the point in paying twice as much. Everything is fine. The pump does not make noise.

• Pros:
• Neutral in relation to sealing materials rubber materials and non-ferrous metals;
• Has a stable oil film capable of protecting parts in any extreme temperatures;
• Affordable price up to 500 rubles. per liter

• Cons:
• It has approvals mainly only from Korean and Japanese automakers.

LIQUI MOLY Zentralhydraulik-Oil - hydraulic oil green in color, is a fully synthetic fluid with a zinc-free additive package. Developed in Germany and guarantees flawless operation of hydraulic systems such as: power steering, hydropneumatic suspension, shock absorbers, support active system engine depreciation. It has multi-purpose applications, but is not used by all major major European automakers and does not have approvals from Japanese and Korean automakers.

Can also be used in systems designed for traditional ATF oils. The product achieves its greatest effectiveness when not mixed with other liquids.

A good liquid that you can safely pour into many European cars is simply irreplaceable in regions with harsh winters, but the price tag makes it unaffordable for many.

Complies with tolerances:

• VW TL 52146 (G002 000/G004 000)
• BMW 81 22 9 407 758
• Fiat 9.55550-AG3
• Citroen LHM
• Ford WSSM2C 204-A
• Opel 1940 766
• MB 345.0
• ZF TE-ML 02K

Reviews

• - I live in the north, I go to Cadillac SRX when there were problems with hydraulics at -40, I tried to fill in Zentralhydraulik-Oil, although there was no permission, but only Ford, I took a chance, I’m driving for the fourth winter and everything is OK.
• - I have a BMW, I used to fill it with the original Pentosin CHF 11S, and since last winter I switched to this fluid, the steering wheel turns much easier than with ATF.
• - I drove 27 thousand km in my Opel in a year in a temperature range from -43 to +42°C. The power steering does not hum when starting, but in the summer it seemed that the fluid was a little thin because when turning the steering wheel in place, there was a feeling of friction between the shaft and the rubber.

• Pros:
• Good viscosity characteristics over a wide temperature range;
• Versatility of use.

• Cons:
• As for a price tag of 1000 rubles. and with good characteristics, it has a small number of approvals and recommendations for use in different brands of cars.

The best Dexron fluids

Semi-synthetic transmission fluid Motul DEXRON III is a product of technosynthesis. Red oil is intended for any systems that require fluid of DEXRON and MERCON standards, namely: automatic transmissions, power steering, hydrostatic transmission. Motul DEXRON III has easy fluidity in extreme cold and has a stable oil film even at high temperatures. This gear oil can be used where the use of DEXRON II D, DEXRON II E and DEXRON III fluids is recommended.

Dextron 3 from Motul is a worthy competitor to the original from GM, and even surpasses it.

Complies with standards:

• GENERAL MOTORS DEXRON III G
• FORD MERCON
• MB 236.5
• ALLISON C-4 – CATERPILLAR TO-2

Price from 550 rubles.

Reviews

• - I replaced it on my Mazda CX-7 and now you can turn the steering wheel with just one finger.

• Pros:
• Ability to cope with its task in a wide temperature range;
• Applicability in power steering of several classes of Dextron.

• Cons:
• Not noticed.

Febi 32600 DEXRON VI for the most demanding automatic transmissions and steering columns with power steering, which require filling with Dextron 6 class transmission fluid. Also recommended for replacement in mechanisms requiring DEXRON II and DEXRON III oils. Manufactured (and bottled) in Germany from high quality base oils and the latest generation additive package. Of all the presented power steering fluids, ATF Dexron has the most suitable viscosity for use in power steering, as an alternative special liquid P.S.F.

Phoebe 32600 is the best analogue of the original fluid in both automatic transmissions and power steering of German automakers.

Has a number of the latest approvals:

• DEXRON VI
• VOITH H55.6335.3X
• Mercedes MB 236.41
• Opel 1940 184
• Vauxhall 93165414
• BMW 81 22 9 400 275 (and others)

Price from 450 rub.

Reviews

• - I bought an Opel Mokka for my car, there are no complaints or any changes for the worse. Good oil at a reasonable price.
• - I changed the fluid in the steering wheel of a BMW E46, I immediately took Pentosin, but after a week the steering wheel began to turn hard, I changed it again but with Febi 32600, I’ve been using it for more than a year now, everything is fine.

• Pros:
• Can be replaced instead of lower class Dextron liquid;
• It has a good degree of viscosity for universal ATF in the box and power steering.

• Cons:
• Approvals only from American and European auto giants.

Mannol Dexron III Automatic Plus is a universal all-season gear oil. Intended for use in automatic transmissions, rotation converters, power steering and hydraulic clutches. Like all liquids, Dexron and Mercon are red in color. Carefully selected additives and synthetic components provide the best friction properties at the moment of gear shifting, excellent low-temperature characteristics, high antioxidant and chemical stability over the entire service life. It has good anti-foaming and air-displacing properties. The manufacturer stated that the transmission fluid is chemically neutral to any sealing materials, but tests have shown that it causes corrosion of parts made of copper alloys. Made in Germany.

The product has approvals:

• ALLISON C4/TES 389
• CATERPILLAR TO-2
• FORD MERCON V
• FORD M2C138-CJ/M2C166-H
• GM DEXRON III H/G/F
• MB 236.1
• PSF applications
• VOITH G.607
• ZF-TE-ML 09/11/14

Price from 220 rub.

Reviews

• - I use Mannol Automatic Plus in my Volga, it can withstand frosts of minus 30, there are no complaints about the sounds or difficulties in turning the steering wheel, the operation of the hydraulic booster with this fluid is quiet.
• - I have been using MANNOL ATF Dexron III in power steering for two years now, no problems.

• Pros:
• Low dependence of viscosity on operating temperature;
• Low price.

• Cons:
• Aggressive to copper alloys.

Castrol DEXRON VI- red transmission fluid for automatic transmissions. Low-viscosity gear oil designed to operate in modern automatic transmissions with maximum fuel efficiency. Manufactured in Germany from high-quality base oils with a balanced additive package. Has Ford (Mercon LV) and GM (Dexron VI) approvals and exceeds Japanese JASO 1A requirements.

If it is not possible to buy the original ATF Dexron for a Japanese or Korean car, then Castrol Dexron 6 is a worthy replacement.

Meets Specification:

• Toyota T, T II, ​​T III, T IV, WS
• Nissan Matic D, J, S
• Mitsubishi SP II, IIM, III, PA, J3, SP IV
• Mazda ATF M-III, M-V, JWS 3317, FZ
• Subaru F6, Red 1
• Daihatsu AMMIX ATF D-III Multi, D3-SP
• Suzuki AT Oil 5D06, 2384K, JWS 3314, JWS 3317
• Hyundai/Kia SP III, SP IV
• Honda/Acura DW 1/Z 1

Price From 600 rub.

Reviews

• - On my Aveo they write that you need to fill the power steering with Dextron 6, I took it from the Castrol Transmax DEX-VI store, it seems like it’s only for automatic transmissions, they said it’s good for hydraulics too, since it’s regulated pricing policy, so that it’s not the cheapest, but it’s also a pity to spend money on expensive things. There is very little information and reviews on this liquid, but I have no complaints, the steering wheel turns without sounds or difficulties.

• Pros:
• Additive package providing good protection from corrosion of copper alloys;
• Meets many specifications of most global automakers.

• Cons:
• No information available for use in hydraulic transmissions and power steering.

Gear oil ENEOS Dexron ATF III can be used in Step-tronic, Tip-tronic, automatic transmissions and power steering systems. High thermal-oxidative stability can ensure transmission cleanliness for more than 50 thousand kilometers. Red liquid ENEOS Dexron III, reminiscent of raspberry-cherry syrup, contains special anti-foaming additives with good air-displacing properties. Meets the latest requirements from GM Dexron manufacturers. It is most often found on sale in 4-liter tin cans, but liter ones are also found. The manufacturer may be Korea or Japan. Frost resistance at -46°C.

If you choose an oil for an automatic transmission, then ENEOS ATF Dexron III could be in the top three, but as an analogue for power steering it only closes the top five best fluids.

The list of tolerances and specifications is small:

• DEXRON III;
• G 34088;
• Allison C-3, C-4;
• Caterpillar: TO-2.

Price from 400 rub. per jar 0.94 l.

Reviews

• - I’ve been using it for 3 years, I changed both the gearbox and the power steering on a Mitsubishi Lancer X, Mazda Familia, it’s an excellent oil, it doesn’t lose its properties.
• - I took a Daewoo Espero for automatic transmission replacement, after partial filling I’ve been driving it for more than six months, I haven’t noticed any problems.
• - I poured Santa Fe into the box, as for me Mobile is better, it seems to lose its properties faster, but this is only relative to the automatic transmission, I haven’t tried how it behaves in the power steering.

• Pros:
• Some of the best lubricating properties;
• Tolerates very low temperatures well.

• Cons:
• Aggressive to parts made of copper alloys.

The best ATF fluids for power steering

Liquid Mobil ATF 320 Premium has a mineral composition. Place of application - automatic transmissions and power steering, which require Dexron III level oils. The product is designed for freezing temperatures of 30-35 degrees below zero. Mixes without consequences with red ATP fluids of the Dextron 3 classification. Compatible with all conventional seal materials used in transmission mechanisms.

Mobile ATF 320 will not only be an excellent choice as an analogue for filling into an automatic transmission, but also a good option, in terms of its behavior and characteristics, in a power steering system.

Meets Specifications:

• ATF Dexron III
• GM Dexron III
• ZF TE-ML 04D
• Ford Mercon M931220

Price starts from 360 rub..

Transmissions with automatic gear shifting (automatic transmission) use a mixture (fluid), which is popularly called ATF fluid. For decades, GM General Motors has been developing quality standards in the field of automatic transmission oils.

Most of the world's manufacturers of ATF and automatic transmission oils are guided by the General Motors fluid quality specification. Since the eighties, GM's current standard has been Dextron IID, which was later updated to Dexron IIE. And already in 1993, the standardization of Dextron No. 3 entered the market.

The differences between Dexron IIE and Dexron IID are minor. However, the new generation of Dextron number 3 standards differs significantly from its predecessors. The fractional characteristics of the third generation mixture have significantly improved, the manifestation of which affects all operating modes of the automatic transmission.

All generations of Dextron specifications are considered interchangeable. However, it is possible to update the gear oil only to a new generation; the opposite actions will worsen the performance of the additives that are added to Dexron 3 mixtures.

You should not replace Dexron 2 with Dexron 3 in cases where the manufacturer of the corresponding transmission does not declare an increase in efficiency when moving to new standards.

Popular brands specifications

Mannol Dexron 3

Mannol Dexron 3 automatic is considered a multi-purpose oil for automatic transmissions. This Manol mixture is also used in power steering, hydraulic clutches, and spinning mechanisms.

Just like all, without exception, Dextron oils have a reddish tone. The manufacturer has worked hard on the combination of additives and synthetic components, the components of which help improve the fractional characteristics at the time of gear shifting.

Oil from a manufacturer in Germany has high low-temperature characteristics, excellent antioxidant properties, and stable chemical composition throughout the entire period of operation. It is not advisable to use copper elements as a lubricant; the liquid is absolutely neutral to all other alloys and materials.

The products have all possible tolerances:

• ZF-TE-ML 09/11/14, ALLISON C4/TES 389, GM DEXR. III H/G/F, FORD M2C138-CJ/M2C166-H and others.

Castrol DEXRON

Castrol DEXRON is a low-viscosity mixture for automatic transmissions and is designed for use in modern gearboxes. It has proven itself to be the mixture with the greatest fuel economy.

Castrol production is established in Germany. The oil consists of high-quality base mixtures with an optimal set of additives. Has positive reviews from GM and Ford management, exceeds the requirements of the Japanese JASA 1A specification. In cases where it is not possible to purchase Dextron ATF for a Japanese, you can safely use oil from Castrol -.

Meets all major standards:

• Honda/Acura, Hyundai/Kia SP, Nissan Matic, Suzuki AT Oil, Mitsubishi SP, Mazda ATF, Toyota and Subaru.

Mobil 3 ATF oil

Mobil ATF 320 Premium oil has a mineral structure. Used in power steering and automatic transmissions with GM Dexron 3 approval standard.

Mobil absolutely complies with all types of transmission seals in automatic transmission mechanisms. Compatible with all red liquids of the Dexron III specification. The composition is not recommended for use on northern continents, where temperatures drop to -30 degrees. Mobil oil with Dextron No. 3 specification can also be used in power steering mechanisms.

Meets Ford Mercon, ATF Dex standards. III, ZF TE-ML and Dex. 3

Motul Multi ATF

Motul Multi ATF is 100% synthetic fluid. A universal oil designed for automatic transmissions manufactured since 2000.

It is also possible to use it in hydrostatic transmissions, power steering, and other mechanisms (including ATF) that support standard Mercon and Dexron. Motul is a leader in chemical composition and viscosity, temperature indicators, stability functions, meets all requirements from GM.

Meets the basic standards of MAZDA, CHRYSLER, JAGUAR, RENAULT Elfmatic, Renaultmatic D2 D3, Acura/HONDA, Lexus/TOYOTA ATF, Audi, GM DEXRON 2 and 3, FORD, BMW and MITSUBISHI.

Operating conditions for Dexron 3

Historically, you should not rely on the tolerances of mixtures from manufacturing companies. All reputable car enthusiasts recommend paying attention to the specifications from the GM concern and the standards from automatic transmission manufacturers.

The main preconditions that you can focus on are the designations of the “transmission” on the automatic transmission dipstick. If “Dexron III” is marked, then it is preferable to fill it. Otherwise, the consequences could be dire.

Our advice: Follow the recommendations of the automatic transmission manufacturers of your car, follow the standards from General Motors, fill in the permissible transmission mixture, and replace it in a timely manner. And your transmission will serve you long and reliably.