Toyota Camry model range - history of development by year. Mercedes-Benz model range The driving capabilities of the car have also changed

The history of the most popular car in Russia began in 1966 in the Italian city of Turin with the conclusion of a contract between the USSR Ministry of Automotive Industry and FIAT. A year after the signing of the agreement, construction began on the Volzhsky automobile plant(VAZ), and three years later, the first six models of the “kopek” (VAZ-2101), built on the basis of the Italian Fiat-124, rolled off the main VAZ assembly line.

At the end of the 70s, the VAZ model range was replenished all-wheel drive all-terrain vehicle VAZ-2121 or Niva R12, which made a splash on the world market.

After the collapse of the USSR, industrial giant AvtoVAZ entered a phase of restructuring. The crisis was overcome by the mid-90s: then the domestic manufacturer began to gradually increase production volumes.

In 1998, the 2111 model, equipped with the latest engines with sixteen valves.

The beginning of the new millennium was marked by the release of a new generation car Lada Kalina, as well as the start of production of the VAZ-2107 ( Lada Priora) - at first in a sedan body, and a little later - a hatchback and a station wagon.

Since 2004, AvtoVAZ management decided to transfer all produced cars to a single brand, which was written in Latin rather than Cyrillic, according to the norms of the Russian language. Thus, the abbreviation “VAZ” was replaced by the single name “Lada”, which was previously used only to designate export versions of the brand. However, the Russian people give the most memorable nicknames for AvtoVAZ products. Among the most common slang names, it is worth noting “kopek” or “spear” (for VAZ-2101), “four” (for VAZ-2104), “stool” (for VAZ-2105), “chisel” (for VAZ-2108, 2109), “matryoshka” (for VAZ-2112). The disparaging name for all AvtoVAZ cars is “basin” (from the abbreviation TAZ - Togliatti Automobile Plant).

Among the recent developments are Lada model Granta or VAZ-2190. This car is budget sedan, designed on the basis of Lada Kalina.

At the moment, OJSC AvtoVAZ is largest producer passenger cars in Russia and Eastern Europe. It is known that cars Lada cars are the most popular and most stolen on Russian market, despite the extremely poor production quality. The terrifying technical characteristics of the Lada have long been an object of ridicule among car enthusiasts. At one of its presentations of the business plan, the AvtoVAZ enterprise itself admitted this fact and explained its origin by the “low quality of purchased components.”

Employees of the Togliatti plant with more than twenty years of work experience are awarded the title of “VAZ Veteran” with the corresponding certificate, a badge with the company logo and a medal of the same name. The author of the first publication in the magazine “Behind the Wheel” about the auto giant under construction in Togliatti was also awarded the title of veteran, although he was not an employee of VAZ. The name of that correspondent: Brodsky Alexander Yakovlevich.

Lada model range

The AvtoVAZ model range is quite diverse. In it you will find about ten small class models with various body styles (sedan, hatchback, station wagon), five representatives of the small middle class, two all-wheel drive Nivas in three-door and five-door versions, as well as a Lada Largus van - economical car for business.

Cost of Lada

The cost of Lada on the primary market varies from two hundred to five hundred thousand rubles. The most budget option is the old-school “seven”, which traces its ancestry back to Fiat itself. Small Lada price 2107 is fully consistent with the content. But it can be repaired without unnecessary difficulties and financial costs, which is what the VAZ 2107 does good choice for beginner taxi workers.

15.03.2017

Experienced car enthusiasts know that the Toyota Camry model range is one of the most popular and popular on the Eastern European market. From year to year Japanese manufacturer pays more and more attention to him. The concern from the Land of the Rising Sun released the first model back in 1982. As of 2017, the 8th generation of machines has already been officially presented.

note! Taking into account the generation and country of sale of cars, they belong to the middle, business and even premium class.

Over the 35-year history of the development of this model, the Camry generation has changed dramatically, not only externally, but also technically. Today's article is entirely devoted to the popular Japanese car. With its help you can trace the evolution Toyota Camry and those solutions that were applied in different generations models.

First generation ( v10, 1982-1986)

The original Camry model was introduced to the Japanese domestic market in 1982. The car came in 2 bodies – “hatchback” and “sedan”. There was a special style in the car, and it was expressed mainly in angular elements. Specifications looked like this:

• 1.8 or 2 liter petrol power unit;
• fuel consumption – 8.5 l/100 km, with 1.8 manual and ≈10 l/100 km, with 2l automatic;
• – automatic or mechanical;
• acceleration to 100 km – ≈12 s;
• maximum speed – 175 km/h (in the version with 2 liter manual transmission).

Engine power varied from 74 to 92 Horse power, that with an engine capacity of 1.8 - 2 liters it was not enough. Considering its low performance, the car did not gain much popularity among buyers, however, it managed to conquer its niche in the market.

Second generation ( v20, 1986-1991)

Experts traditionally believe that the history of the modern Toyota Camry, as an independent and successful model, takes its origins from the 2nd generation of the car. It is also significant that the car was introduced in 1986 in the business class.

The first thing that catches your eye is the rounded lines of the body, which gave the vehicle’s exterior a deliberate roughness and massiveness. There is no trace left of the previous design. The model was sold in traditional sedan and station wagon body styles. In addition to the updated design, the car received modern electronics and improved technical solutions:

• 2 liter diesel engine and 1.8-2 liter petrol;
• fuel consumption per 100 km varies from 8 to 11 liters for a 2 liter diesel automatic and 2.5 liter petrol automatic, respectively;
• acceleration to 100 – about 12 s;
• maximum speed is limited to 165 km/h for the 1.8 liter automatic, in the case of the 2.5 liter manual transmission gears – 210 km/h.

All-wheel drive vehicles were available only in the domestic Japanese market; they were delivered abroad on pre-orders.

Third generation ( xv10, 1992-1996)

The third generation Camry boasted increased dimensions compared to its predecessor, see table below.

In addition, the model went on sale in 3 bodies: coupe, station wagon and sedan. The design of the exterior and interior became smooth, with a distinct softness in every line. For fans of high speeds, Japanese designers have developed sports modification car, the distinctive feature of which was a rigid type suspension

The improvements also affected the “insides” of the car:

• 2, 2.2l or 3 l petrol power unit;
• fuel consumption per 100 km – from 8 to 11.5 l (for 2l and 3, respectively);
• the model received 2 transmission options - 5-speed. “mechanics” and 4-speed automatic;
• the car accelerates to 100 in 8 - 11 s;
• speed limit is limited to 225 km/h.

It is also noteworthy that for the first time engineers equipped the Toyota Camry with injection power units.

Fourth generation ( xv20, 1996-2001)

New for fans of the Japanese auto industry Camry generation presented in 96 of the last century. It was then that the world saw the popular model in 4 bodies at once: coupe, station wagon, sedan and convertible. A new version received its logical continuation in the form of an extended wheelbase (by 70 mm, compared to the 3rd generation).

Progress has also affected the “insides” of the vehicle:

• 2.2, 2.5 or 3 liter engine;
• the engine “eats” about 10-12 liters (on average, depending on the engine) for every 100 km;
• transmission - automatic or manual;
• acceleration to 100 km – ≈10 s. (for the version with a 2.2 liter engine, for more powerful engines the acceleration dynamics improve accordingly)
• the top speed is limited to 220 km/h (in the version with a 3 liter automatic).

For the first time in history, the manufacturer paid close attention to the issue of safety.

Fifth generation model ( xv30, 2001-2006)

The main feature of the 5th generation Toyota Camry was that the car received worldwide recognition and popularity. The car sold out like hot cakes not only in the USA and Europe, but also in Russia. The Japanese manufacturer decided not to experiment and focused all its efforts on perfecting just one body - the sedan. As a result, its lines became streamlined and quite smooth, which had a beneficial effect on the aerodynamics of the vehicle.

The interior has become more cozy and comfortable due to the use of environmentally friendly materials. The level of equipment is indicated at least by the fact that in basic configuration was present ABS system, several airbags and motion stabilization function.

The driving capabilities of the car have also changed:

• the model was supplied to the market in 2 modifications - with a 6-cylinder 186-horsepower 3-liter power unit and a 4-cylinder 152-horsepower 2.4-liter engine;
• fuel consumption - 10 liters per 100;
• transmission – 4-speed automatic (later replaced by 5th) or 5-speed. mechanical;
• acceleration to 100 km – ≈9 s. for the version with a 3-liter unit.
• maximum speed – 225 km/h (in the version with a 3 liter automatic).

The car has lost the straight lines traditional for the Camry body, giving way to modern trends. It was during this period that the foundation for the economic success of the car was laid.

Sixth generation ( xv40, 2006-2011)

When developing the Toyota Camry 40, designers and engineers worked hard on the body. Despite all its massiveness, the car has become sleeker and visually lighter, thanks to the smooth lines of the body. The model acquired “notes of sportiness” and swiftness.

Sixth generation "Kamryukha"

The modernization also affected the “insides” of the vehicle:

• gasoline engine of 2.4 (167 horsepower) and 3.5 liters (277 “horses”);
• fuel consumption (average) - 10 l/100 km with 2.4 manual and more than 10 l/100 km with 2.4. machine
• transmission – 5-speed automatic or manual;
• acceleration to 100 km – from 7 s. up to 10.5 s. (depending on engine)
• maximum speed – 230 km/h (in the version with a 3 liter automatic).

note! The Japanese manufacturer, within the 6th generation, for the first time began to equip its cars with a hybrid gasoline-electric engine.

Seventh generation ( xv50, 2011-2016)

The new car boasts magnificent body lines and elegant appearance, in which a certain status status is clearly visible. The vehicle interior has become more comfortable due to the additional volume. On the technical side, the car has become an order of magnitude more modern:

• 2.5 l or 3.5 liter d engines, 181 hp. and 277 hp, respectively. There is also an option with a 2.0 engine, but it is clearly rather weak for a car of this size.
• transmission – 6-position automatic, complemented by manual control function;
• Fuel consumption per 100 km varies from 8 to 9.5 liters (average) depending on the engine;
• Acceleration to 100 is about 7.9 s. with a three and a half liter engine, with 2.5 -9.5 up to one hundred.
• speed limit is limited to 210 km/h.

The designers did everything possible to eliminate the miscalculations made in the 6th generation. The car was also rid of the smooth lines, replacing them with pronounced angular features. The new style affected the optics of the car, which became wider. Due to the fact that vehicle increased in size, it could compete with models of a higher class.

Eighth generation ( v60, 2017-2018)

On the stage of the Detroit Auto Show, the Japanese manufacturer presented the 8th generation Toyota Camry to the public. It is safe to say that this is fundamental new car with an unusual sporty appearance. The interior architecture has been radically revised. However, let's take a look under the hood of this “stallion”:

• gasoline power units to 2.0; 2.5 or 3.5 l.
• Average fuel consumption is 7.3-9.4 depending on engine size.
• transmission - 6 speed machine.
• acceleration to 100 km – 10.4; 9.0; 7.1 accordingly.
• maximum speed – 210 km/h.

If we summarize all the information about the latest generation Camry, the model can be described in just three words – a local automotive revolution.

Toyota Camry generation

The history of the formation and development of the Toyota Camry model range is a vivid example of the human desire for perfection, interpolated through the prism of the modern Japanese automobile industry. I would like to hope that engineers from the Land of the Rising Sun will not stop there and in the coming years will delight car enthusiasts around the world with unusual, beautiful and powerful models. And for those who decide to purchase one of the models of this legendary brand, we recommend contacting official dealer Nika Motors

The German company Daimler-Motoren-Gesselschaft, which produces passenger cars Mercedes cars, was founded in 1901 by Gottlieb Daimler, the legendary author of the world's first four-wheeled car with a gasoline engine. The famous designer Wilhelm Maybach helped Gottlieb Daimler build this car. Despite a number of shortcomings, this initiative was actively supported by the Consul of the Austro-Hungarian Empire Emil Jellinek, after whose daughter the first Mercedes-35P5 model was named. The technical characteristics of the Mercedes-35P5 allowed the car to reach speeds of up to 90 km per hour, which was considered an impressive figure at that time.

In the first years of its existence, Daimler-Motoren-Gessellschaft built not only cars, but also developed engines for aircraft and ships, which is why the appearance of the Mercedes logo in the form of a three-pointed star is associated. This figure symbolizes the success of the German company on land, in the air, and in water.

After merging with fellow automaker Benz in 1926, the star became surrounded by a laurel wreath in the shape of a ring, reflecting Benz's victories in the motorsports arena. The new Daimler-Benz concern was headed by Ferdinand Porsche, who significantly updated the Mercedes model range. It was he who launched the “compressor” K series, which included such a famous model as the Mercedes 24/110/160 PS with a six-cylinder engine. The car, equipped with a 6.3-liter engine, accelerated to a fantastic speed of 145 km per hour at that time, for which it was nicknamed the “death trap.”

Hans Niebel, who succeeded Ferdinand Porsche in 1928, took an active part in the development of such cars as the Manheim-370 and Nurburg-500. In 1930, under his leadership, the Mercedes-Benz 770 with a powerful 200-horsepower engine with a displacement of 7.6 liters was introduced to the car market. In addition, the car was equipped with a supercharger. In the 30s they were presented to the public cars Mercedes-200 and Mercedes-380 sports cars, on the basis of which the “compressor” models Mercedes-Benz-540K were built a little later.

In 1935, Max Sailer, the creator of the world's first production passenger car with a diesel engine, took over as chief designer. power plant Mercedes-260D. During his administration, machines were built that were actively used by the leaders of the Nazi movement. We are talking about a Mercedes-770, equipped with a frame made of oval beams, with a spring rear suspension.

During World War II, the German concern produced not only Mercedes cars, but also trucks. The hostilities caused great damage to the company's main factories, whose activities were able to resume only a year after the end of the war.

One of the company's first post-war developments was the Mercedes-180, designed in 1953 with a pontoon-type monocoque body. Three years later it saw the light sports coupe Mercedes-300SL Gullwing with unusual gullwing-shaped doors, which at that time had no analogues in the world.

At the end of the 50s, serial production of Mercedes-Benz was updated with Robert Bosch engines with a mechanical system fuel injection. One of the first models with this innovation was the Mercedes-Benz 220 SE.

The latest achievements in the automotive industry of those years were embodied in a completely new family of middle-class cars, which were offered to customers in 1959. The Mercedes-220, 220S, 220SE models demonstrated the highest technical level of performance: a spacious luggage compartment, completely independent suspension for all wheels, a stylish body with vertical headlight units delighted fans of the German brand.

The executive class in the Mercedes line was introduced a little later - in 1963, with the release of the Mercedes-600 model. The car immediately became a contender for the title of the best on the planet for its true comfort and prestige. It was equipped with a 6.3-liter engine producing 250 horsepower and a four-speed automatic transmission. A pleasant addition to the developments was the convenient wheel suspension on pneumatic elements. The body length of the executive car was more than six meters.

Sports models were replaced by more modest ones, for example, the Mercedes-Benz 230 SL, popularly known as the “pagoda” due to the original shape of the roof with the middle part just below the sides. If ten years ago German mark managed to firmly establish itself in the car market of post-war Europe, then by the end of the 60s the whole world was talking about Mercedes. A completely different scale of production gave rise to new styling standards, which made Mercedes cars even more elegant.

The first new product of the 70s, which replaced the “Pagoda,” was the Mercedes SL R107 model, which successfully captured the American market and existed on it for 18 years.

The oil crisis of 1973 had an adverse effect on car sales, but the company managed to get out of the difficult situation by launching the W114/W115 series with more economical engines. Buyers wanted not only luxury and convenience, but also reliability. As a result, against the backdrop of bankrupt competitors, the Mercedes brand stayed afloat.

In the early 80s, the legendary Gelandewagen appeared in the Mercedes line - an all-wheel drive SUV of the 460 series, which was famous for its high cross-country ability and reliability. The first such car was made to order for the Iranian Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, a shareholder of Daimler-Benz.

In 1984, a fundamentally new series of business class sedans began to be produced - the Mercedes W124, which once again demonstrated the possibility of creating stylish and modern cars with a durable body. The W124 family embodied the most advanced developments of the time. A plastic molding to direct air under the car improved the aerodynamics of the car. Fuel consumption has been reduced, as has the noise level from oncoming airflow.

In 1990, a new product was released, which to this day has many fans - the Mercedes 124 series 500E. Equipped with a five-liter V-8 engine with a capacity of 326 horsepower, this Mercedes has design differences from the usual W124 - it’s not for nothing that it is called a “wolf in sheep’s clothing.” The legendary “top”, assembled at the Porsche plant, received rear suspension with hydropneumatic level adjustment, double catalyst, electronic system LH-Jetronic injection instead of the traditional KE-Jetronic system. External differences between the “top” and other “Mercedes” of the 124 series are the extended wheel arches and the presence of additional foglights at the bottom of the front bumper.

The Mercedes W124 500E has received wide distribution in the CIS countries and great recognition in show business and mafia circles. Among the famous owners of the model are director Nikita Mikhalkov, musicians Yuri Loza, Dmitry Malikov, and politician Gennady Zyuganov. “Top” - a real legend of the 90s - was captured in the serial film “Brigada”.

By the beginning of the new millennium, the Mercedes model range had been doubled: instead of five car classes (which were in 1993), there were ten. In 2005, new S- and CL-class models were launched, demonstrating the brand's new style with retro elements. Stuffed the latest technologies, S65 CL65 AMG with a powerful V12 under the hood became the flagship of the series, instead of the 600 models.

The C-class also went through an update: the premiere took place in 2007 new Mercedes W204 in sedan and station wagon body styles with three performance lines.

In 2008, the Mercedes lineup was replenished with the CLC-class (Comfort-Leicht-Coupe - translated as “light comfortable coupe”).

In the first decade of the 21st century, the Mercedes line included GL- and GLK-class SUVs (Gelandewagen-Leicht-Kurz - translated as “short light SUV”).

The new W212 E-Class family, launched at the beginning of 2009, has achieved enormous success in terms of economic and environmental performance. Instead of gasoline engines with superchargers – engines with a new type direct injection CGI twin turbocharged.

Nowadays the German brand Mercedes-Benz is associated by the buyer with reliability, high quality performance and rich history.

Mercedes model range

Model Mercedes-Benz range includes compact cars of the small middle class, serious business class sedans, the executive segment, SUVs, coupes, convertibles, roadsters and minivans.

Mercedes cost

The cost of Mercedes-Benz depends on which class the selected car belongs to. The most inexpensive - A-class five-door priced from 900 thousand rubles. The cost of a middle-class Mercedes varies from one and a half million to four. Business class reaches six million, executive class – up to eight. One of the most expensive models is the roadster Mercedes-Benz SLS AMG for 10 million.