Subaru lineup. Where are Subaru Foresters assembled? Subaru types of cars

Subaru

First President of Fuji Heavy Industries Ltd. (FHI) - Kenji Kita Mr. Kita was an ardent supporter of the passenger car industry and was passionate about everything related to the company's first prototype passenger car, the P-1, created in 1954.
He held a competition to choose names for the car, but nothing that was proposed touched his soul. After much thought and discussion, Mr. Kita settled on Subaru.

Subaru (pointing the way or gathering together) is a cluster of stars in the constellation Taurus. Six stars can be seen in the night sky with the naked eye, and about 250 more if you use a telescope. In the West they are called the Pleiades. In Japan, this name is consonant with Mitsuraboshi - "Six Stars", often found in old Japanese documents and literature. It is also noteworthy that the FHI company was formed as a result of the merger of exactly six companies, once again confirming the validity of the name Subaru.

History of development

FHI is the successor to Nakajima Aircraft, which was originally established as an Aeronautical Research Laboratory. The laboratory, founded in 1917 by Chikuhei Nakajima (1884-1949) in Gunma Prefecture (approximately 70 km north of Tokyo), is now the location of Subaru's main modern production base.
Nakajima was the eldest son of a farmer in Gunma Prefecture. At the age of 19, he entered the Naval Academy, and there he was caught by the news of the first successful flight of an airplane, carried out in the United States by the Wright Brothers. Nakajima wanted to participate in the process of creating aircraft for the Japanese military. After leaving the army, he founded the Aeronautical Research Laboratory. Soon the laboratory became known as Nakajima Aircraft Co., Ltd. This renaming emphasized the fact that the company was on par with the leading aircraft manufacturers in Japan.
By the end of World War II, in 1945, aircraft production had stopped.

The company was able to make a new start under a different name - Fuji Sangyo Co., ltd. We had to start with a thorough search for consumers of the high technologies that were used in the aviation industry.
In February 1954, FHI announced its own passenger car prototype called the P-1, later called the Subaru 1500.
This passenger car showed excellent driving characteristics thanks to its suspension. But sales were delayed due to difficulties in finding financing for plant equipment and organizing a car sales network.

This car was of great importance in the further development of the Subaru 360 and Subaru 1000 models.
In 1958, on March 3, a car appeared on the market and immediately made people fall in love with it: the Subaru 360. Thanks to its beetle-like appearance, the Subaru 360 began to be affectionately called the Ladybug. At that time, car manufacturers in Japan were working on the development of a minicar according to the construction plan people's car, which was supported by the Ministry of International Trade and Industry of Japan. It was necessary to create a small and affordable car, which would nevertheless have good characteristics. Few automakers have taken on this challenge. The Subaru 360 was designed exactly according to this concept. Throughout its 11 years of production, the Subaru 360 was extremely popular. In May 1970, production of the car was completed.

Subaru Leone was born in June 1971, and after it, in September 1972, a version appeared - Subaru Leone 4WD Station Wagon with all-wheel drive.
When the car was introduced to the market, it was offered exclusively for snowy or mountainous terrain. But the car confidently expanded its circle of admirers. Subaru's original all-wheel drive (4WD) system allowed the car to become the best-selling all-wheel drive passenger car.

In October 1983, the Subaru Domingo single-volume minibus debuted. This car allowed not only to accommodate seven passengers in a fairly compact body, but also to transform the seats in various ways using swivel and reclining seats, first developed in Japan.

The World Rally Championship (WRC) is an automobile competition in which commercially based vehicles compete against each other. The creators of Subaru decided to participate in the competition to demonstrate the high potential of an all-wheel drive vehicle. In addition, participation in a competition of this class made it possible to collect and analyze data on the behavior of the car in difficult conditions and take the results into account when creating mass-produced cars.
The creators of Subaru have always taken the issue of car handling very seriously. The company's engineers carried out tests in all conditions on special roads and public roads at the vehicle design stage. The data collected from these tests was carefully studied and used to improve the vehicle's performance.

In 1989, from January 2 to January 21, the first-generation Subaru Legacy set a 100,000-kilometer world speed record at the Arizona Test Center located on the outskirts of Phoenix, Arizona. The car covered a distance of 100,000 kilometers in 447 hours 44 minutes and 9.887 seconds with an average speed of 223.345 km/h, setting a new world speed record.

As part of the 81st Geneva Motor Show, which was held in March 2011, Fuji Heavy Industries Ltd. (FHI), the manufacturer of Subaru cars, presented a concept car for the first time in Europe

Sales of the new generation of crossover in Russia will begin in October. The most important thing: our XV will be available in the basic version with a 1.6-liter boxer engine producing 114 hp. So, with the change of generations, the crossover should not only not become more expensive, but become cheaper, albeit not for all versions.

If for other markets the power of a 2-liter power unit increased to 156 hp, then we will sell it in the previous 150 hp version due to transport tax. The Russian branch of the company calculated that if the engine is left the same as for the others, then, for example, in Moscow the owner will pay almost a third more tax. Transmissions remained unchanged: this manual transmission for basic versions and Lineatronic CVT for the rest.

A set of EyeSight security systems will appear on cars for the Russian market. It includes active cruise control, automatic emergency braking, lane change warning and active lane control. The car will also come with a system for automatically switching lights from high to low, the XV has learned to illuminate turns, and it also has blind spot monitoring systems and automatic braking when an obstacle is detected when reversing.

New Subaru generation The XV received improved interior materials, an 8-inch infotainment system with support for Apple CarPlay and Android Auto, a new steering wheel reduced diameter (and in some trim levels it was heated), a modernized climate system that distributes air flows more evenly.

If the appearance of the car has changed evolutionarily, then technically the XV is truly completely new. The crossover is built on the modular platform SGP (Subaru Global Platform). Compared to its predecessor, torsional rigidity of the body has increased by 70%, the center of gravity has become lower by 5 mm, according to Subaru engineers, roll in corners has decreased by 50%, and this despite the fact that the XV has a completely off-road ground clearance (220 mm). The car has grown slightly in size, the wheelbase has increased by 30 mm, which, together with the new seats, should increase legroom for rear passengers.

• The new generation Subaru XV was included in the list of contenders for the title of “World Car of the Year 2018”.
• Recently on Russian market sales started updated crossover Subaru Forester. He received new equipment.

Subaru spoke about the new XV for Russia

Subaru has shared the first details about the new generation XV crossover and its features in the version for the Russian market.

The assembly of the 2018 Subaru Forester for Russia is carried out at only one enterprise, although for 19 years it has been produced at factories in several countries. All-wheel drive with a ground clearance of more than 20 cm is in demand in Europe, Japan and North America, Africa and even Australia. It was also popular in Russia - the automaker was even planning to open a Russian plant. However, the assembly of Forester in the Russian Federation did not begin either as planned or in 2017 - there is no reason to assume that the assembly lines will start operating in the future.

Where is Subaru Forester assembled?

At the very beginning of production, the car was supplied only to Japanese car dealerships. However, with the increase in demand for a city SUV, they began to sell it to other countries. The production volumes of the car gradually increased, the 4th generation of which was shown in 2012. The company presented the latest version of the car in March 2018.

It’s easy to answer where the new Subaru Foresters for Russia are assembled:

• Cars have been produced for quite some time at only one plant - Gunma Yajima in Gunma Prefecture, Japan. Assembly is also carried out here for Ukraine, the EU and other markets.
• Several years ago, a modification of an SUV for Asia called the Chevrolet Forester was assembled at an Indian plant General Motors. Production ceased after GM sold its stake in the Subaru automaker.
• The Forester model was also produced in the USA - the SIA plant in Lafayette (Indiana). From here cars were supplied to the North American market. Now only Legacy and Outback models are assembled here, to which the Impreza was added in 2016.

In 2014, the car was going to be produced at the Kaliningrad enterprise Avtotor. However, the company's plans no longer include work in this direction. The reason for abandoning plans is the decrease in demand for this model - in 2015, domestic car dealerships sold no more than 10,000 cars. Although this situation simplifies the answer to the question of where Subaru Forester is assembled for Russia and any other country.

Build quality

Comparing different Subaru Forester assemblies, you can notice the difference in the trim levels produced for the Japanese market and for Russia - although on the outside they are completely identical. The first difference is the interior of the car, which Russian version It doesn't have the same quality finish and doesn't seem as roomy. The cars differ in their engines - modifications for the Russian Federation are equipped with a less powerful engine, which is why their dynamics are worse.

There are also disadvantages to the sound insulation of such an SUV. On the other hand, domestic versions are more adapted to Russian roads, go through potholes faster and successfully cope with off-road conditions. Although even the driver of such a car is not recommended to brake off-road.

Despite minor differences in assembly, both the Japanese version, and models for the domestic market, and manufactured before the car for other countries they provide maximum comfort for both the driver and passengers. This also applies to heated seats, convenient control of vehicle systems directly from the steering wheel, and electrical adjustment of windows, seats and mirrors.

Subaru is an automobile brand of a large industrial concern Fuji Heavy Industries Ltd. Automotive is not FHI's only area of ​​expertise; In addition to them, FHI is engaged in aviation technology, by rail, shipbuilding, etc. The history of the concern, thanks to which the Subaru brand was born, began in 1917.

A young engineer and aviation enthusiast, Chikuhei Nakajima, opened The Aircraft Research Laboratory in Nakagame City this year. Aviation at that time did not exist in Japan as such, but thanks to the First World War, which demonstrated its capabilities, Nakajima’s laboratory, in particular, opened. In 1931, the laboratory became an aircraft manufacturing company called Nakajima Aircraft Co., Ltd, and Nakajima's aircraft were in great demand during World War II until 1945. In defeated Japan, the American occupation authorities applied antitrust and prohibition laws to Nakajima Aircraft, the company was renamed Fuji Sangye Ltd., and since Japan could not have an army at that time, the company began motor boats, wagons, buses and gasoline engines- I had to apply my skills and talents to these areas. There was no automobile production as such yet; its forerunner can be considered the Rabbit motor scooter released in 1946, the creation of which used aviation spare parts left over from the war.

In 1950, Fuji Sangyo split into 12 independent events, some of which ceased to exist after some time. But already in 1953, the five strongest of the separated companies came together again and merged into Fuji Heavy Industries. Later a sixth joined them. The corporation, headquartered in Hiroshima, began manufacturing jet airplanes, chainsaws, Rabbit scooters and diesel buses and gradually achieved greater and greater success. In 1954, a prototype of a passenger car was created - the P-1 (Subaru 1500), in which a monocoque body structure was implemented for the first time in the Japanese automotive industry. With all its excellent driving performance and comfort, the car did not go into production due to financial difficulties associated with its production and sales. But later he played a significant role in the development of models and.

By the way, the name Subaru was born thanks to the president of FHI, Kenji Kita. When the P-1 was created, Kita announced a competition for best name for him. He believed that japanese car must have a Japanese name. But none of the proposed names won the competition, and in the end Kita came up with the name himself - it turned out to be the word Subaru. In Japanese it means "to unite, to gather together", and is also the name of the constellation Pleiades (part of the constellation Taurus). Without a telescope, you can see six stars in the Pleiades (in fact, there are more than 200 of them), and it was through the merger of six companies that the Fuji Heavy Industries concern was formed.

Subaru's real automobile debut took place only in 1958. In war-drained Japan, when there were not enough raw materials and fuel for mechanical engineering, the government, in order to stimulate its own industry, passed a law according to which taxes were practically not imposed. cars up to 360 cm long and with a gasoline consumption of less than 3.4 liters per 100 km. FHI was the first company to produce a car that met these requirements - the Subaru 360. It was only 3 m long and was equipped with a 2-cylinder engine. two-stroke engine with a volume of 358 cc and a power of 16 hp. In addition, it had a modern design using plastic and aluminum and independent rear suspension. The engine was located at the rear. The car turned out to be very successful, in many ways it overtook its competitors and allowed the FHI concern to gain a foothold in the automobile market, even despite the fact that at first its sales were quite low - in the first year of production, only 604 copies were sold. But already in the next year, 1959, 5111 such cars were produced, and two years later - more than 22 thousand. Subaru became the leading manufacturer of cars of this class in Japan, and the 360 ​​acquired new body types - a station wagon and a coupe with a soft roof.

In 1961, a division was founded, the focus of which was delivery vans and pickups. Inspired by the success of the Subaru 360, in 1965 the company decided to enter the larger car market and released Subaru model 1000. It was the first Japanese production car with front-wheel drive, with a 997 cc 4-cylinder boxer engine producing 55 hp. (the history of Subaru boxer engines began with this model), with an avant-garde look at that time, which became the standard for many imitations. Looking at increasing sales in the domestic market, the concern's management decided to make an attempt to export its cars to Europe and the USA. Subaru of America, Inc. was founded in Philadelphia. The 360 ​​model was chosen for the American market, but an attempt to export it ended in failure. But on the Japanese market the car never ceased to be popular, as did the R-2 model that replaced it in 1969. And at the same time, the Subaru 1000 was replaced by a modernized version of it - the Subaru FF, with an increased engine capacity.

But soon (in 1971) the Subaru FF was replaced by a model - the world's first all-wheel drive passenger car, which aroused great interest among both specialists and ordinary buyers. Thanks to this car, Subaru occupied a niche free from more powerful competitors all-wheel drive vehicles. And in 1972, the R-2 was replaced by the Rex model with a 356 cc, 2-cylinder, water-cooled engine. In 1974, the Leone, shown abroad, began to experience a real sales boom - within two years, 100,000 cars were sold, of which 30,000 were sold in the United States. In 1975, exports amounted to 26.9%. In 1977, export of the model to the USA began. Subaru car production, meanwhile, was gradually increasing - in 1979 it amounted to 150,000 cars, and in 1980 - 202,000.

1982 - Subaru begins producing turbocharged engines. In 1983, a model was introduced - a minibus with all-wheel drive. The 5 millionth Subaru car left the factory. 1984 - the appearance of the Justy model, on which an electronically controlled ECVT variator was installed for the first time in the world. Production of Subaru 4WD vehicles reached 1 million. About 250,000 cars were produced annually, of which slightly more than half were exported. And in 1985, Subaru released a luxury sports car- Alcyone (XT), which had a 6-cylinder boxer engine producing 145 hp. and a host of cutting-edge features and functions. In 1987, a joint venture with Isuzu Motors, Subaru-Isuzu Automotive Inc., opened in the United States. In the same year, a “follower” Leone appeared, designed to replace it in the lineup - Legacy, whose history continues to this day. Legacy was shown at the Chicago International Auto Show. It, like the Leone, was equipped with all-wheel drive; but, unlike Leone, here the manufacturers abandoned the switchable rear wheel drive and completely switched to 4WD. In 1989 in Arizona, on the Legacy Proving Ground track, he set 2 world and 13 national records. He covered 100,000 km at an average speed of 223.345 km/h and covered this distance in 19 days of continuous driving on the track with stops only for refueling, changing consumables and, of course, pilots. At the same time, the Legacy Station Wagon, in standard configuration (for the Japanese domestic market, with a 2.0 twin turbo engine), set a speed record for a production station wagon - 249.981 km/h - on a highway in the vicinity of Salt Lake City. In addition, in the USA the Subaru-Isuzu Automotive company began production, and at the Tokyo Motor Show a gran turismo class car was exhibited - an all-wheel drive sports coupe with such an avant-garde design that it is not outdated to this day.

Since 1990, the history of Subaru began new period- cooperation with the British company Prodrive. The concern decided to participate in motorsport, and Prodrive began preparing Subaru cars for competition. Already in the same year, Legacy won the Safari Rally in group “N”. Thus began the brilliant path of Subaru in rally and circuit championships, where cars of this brand won victories more than once. And in the “civilian” industry, Subaru in 1990 released a purely small-class city car - Vivio. It was equipped with a 658 cc engine and the already famous CVT. There was also a “sports” modification of this car, which accelerated to 100 km/h in just 5.4 seconds thanks to a 102 hp biturbo engine. (with the same volume). In a rally car built on the basis of this Vivio, driver Colin McRae successfully competed at the Safari Rally.

1992 - another new product appears on the market - Impreza, which has become legendary car thanks to its constant participation in rallies and is equipped with a whole range of engines - from 1.6 liters to a 2-liter turbocharged one. Impreza has become a real benchmark for other automakers to follow. In 1993, a new generation Legacy appeared; in the same year, a car of this model won one of the WRC stages for the first time - a rally in New Zealand. In 1994, a trial batch appeared in the USA Outback models- a car of a new class, a passenger sports station wagon with the capabilities of an SUV. At the same time, Subaru followed a trend common to all automakers by creating an electric car in 1995 - the Subaru Sambar EV, and in 1996 the Outback went into production. In the same year, a bumper recycling system was developed and launched. 1997 is the year of the appearance of another model from Subaru - Forester, which caused a lot of difficulties for the classifiers. This car was very difficult to attribute to any of the categories already known at that time; it was a cross between a station wagon and an SUV. Moreover, other automakers began to reference and imitate it; This is how Subaru created the "reference car". The Forester was equipped with a 2-liter boxer engine and a 5-speed transmission. In 1998, the Vivio was replaced by the Pleo model, and the third generation Legacy appeared. The Legacy Station Wagon set a new world speed record for station wagons and, together with the Pleo, became the "new car of the year" in Japan. 1999 was the year of alliances - business agreements were signed with General Motors and Suzuki Motor Corporation.

In 2000, the Impreza received the title of Car of the Year in Japan. At the 2002 Detroit Auto Show, the Baja pickup truck, based on the Outback, was shown. Today, Subaru produces its cars in 9 factories, 5 of which are in Japan, and sells them in 100 countries. About half a million Subaru cars are produced every year; To some this may seem like a small number, but do not forget that the Fuji Heavy Industries concern, in addition to cars, is also involved in other industries. The distinctive features of Subaru can confidently be called such proprietary developments, now used all over the world, as four-wheel drive(which is still a trading Subaru brand), boxer engines and monocoque body structure. And, of course, high quality and the extraordinary nature of the cars, which demonstrate excellent performance both in everyday use and in motorsport.

Story car brand Subaru began in 1917, when a young engineer, Chikuhi Nakajima, decided to open his own research laboratory in Nakagama. Fifteen years later, this laboratory was transformed into the aircraft manufacturing concern Nakajima Aircraft Company, whose aircraft turned out to be extremely in demand during the Second World War.

The defeated Japan of the post-war years was subjected to antitrust laws of the US occupation authorities, as a result of which Nakajima Aircraft was renamed Fuji Sangye Limited, and its activities changed dramatically: the company began to deal with motor boats, buses, carriages and gasoline engines. The Rabbit scooter, released in 1946, heralded the beginning of the automotive production in the history of the company.

In 1954, Subaru developed a prototype of the R-1 passenger car (Subaru 1500). It was then that the monocoque body structure was first implemented in the Japanese automotive industry. Despite high level comfort and excellent driving characteristics of Subaru, this model did not go into production due to financial problems with its production and sales, although it became the basis for the creation of the Subaru 360 and Subaru 1000 cars.

Japan in the late 50s was exhausted by the war; there was not enough fuel and raw materials for the development of its automobile industry. Then the government of the country adopted a law abolishing taxes on passenger cars up to 360 cm in length and with fuel consumption of less than 3.4 liters per 100 km. In response to changes in legislation, the Japanese automaker released the Subaru 360 in 1958, which fully complied with the established requirements. The new product was a success on the market and even outstripped its rivals in many ways. Thanks to her, the FHI concern took a strong position, and its sales began to grow.

Inspired by the success of the Subaru 360, the company released new model with larger dimensions. We are talking about the Subaru 1000, dated 1965, the first Japanese production car with front-wheel drive and a flat-four with a power of 55 horsepower. It was with him that the history of the famous Subaru boxer engines began. Excellent technical specifications Subaru and avant-garde design were the reasons for considerable sales. Then the management of the Japanese concern decided to start exporting cars to the USA and European countries.

Early 70's model range Subaru has added the world's first all-wheel drive passenger car Subaru car Leone, thanks to which the company occupied a niche free from more powerful competitors. Abroad, this model caused a real boom in sales.

Subaru Leone became a follower Subaru Legacy, presented at the 1987 Chicago International Auto Show. It, like its predecessor, was equipped with all-wheel drive, but this time the manufacturers completely switched to 4WD, abandoning the switchable rear-wheel drive.

The beginning of Subaru's brilliant path in rally and circuit championships happened in 1990, when the company began to cooperate with the British company Prodrive. The British helped prepare Subaru cars for racing competitions.

In the mid-90s, Subaru followed the general trend and released its Subaru Sambar EV.

In 1997, the Subaru Forester came out of the company's assembly line - something between an SUV and a station wagon.

Today, the FHI concern is engaged not only in the production of cars, but also in other industries.

Subaru lineup

Subaru's lineup includes small medium and middle class, four-wheel drive SUVs and sports coupes Subaru BRZ. Distinctive features of Subaru products include such proprietary developments as all-wheel drive, boxer engines, and monocoque body structure. originality appearance, excellent driving characteristics of Subaru make Subaru passenger cars in demand on the Russian market.

Subaru cost

The cost of a Subaru depends on the model and its modifications. For example, the most inexpensive car This brand can be called a small class Subaru XV in basic configuration for half a million rubles. The price of a Subaru can exceed two million if we are talking about a sedan or hatchback