KAMAZ platform lifting mechanism. Platform lifting mechanism KAMAZ Body lifting and lowering valves KAMAZ 65115

The KamAZ-65115 construction truck is a powerful vehicle with a load capacity of 15 tons. Since 1998, when the first car of this model was released, it has undergone several improvements and modifications. The machine is loved by users for its simple control and operation, and the ability to move off-road.

Purpose of various modifications

The first vehicle released from the assembly line was created as KamAZ-65115-62 - a dump truck for transporting bulk construction materials and industrial cargo. Over the years of existence, the manufacturer has developed several modifications that differ in functional features.

A machine with a trailer is used as tractor unit- element of a road train. To do this, it has towing devices, a power system with electrical and pneumatic outputs. It is possible to install other additional modules. In the construction industry, this could be a mixer for preparing cement mortar.

In agriculture, this model with three-way unloading is used as a milk tanker or for transporting grain, silage, haylage and other agro-industrial materials. Another area of ​​application is the forestry industry, where the equipment operates as a log carrier, transporting timber and building materials. Due to the rigid suspension and uncomfortable seat, it will not be possible to transport cargo over long distances by car. In addition to cargo transportation of construction products, the company has produced several variations for functioning in other areas of the economy:

1. KamAZ-65115-D3 is a dump truck capable of transporting objects up to 14.5 tons. Model features: body volume 11 m³, reliable engine, the ability to transport bulk materials and construction liquid mixtures, concrete solutions.
2. Model A4 is a diesel vehicle with a carrying capacity of 15 tons. Features: 300 hp engine, 9-speed manual transmission, compliance with Euro-4 environmental safety standard.
3. KamAZ-65115-N3. The main difference is the machine is side-loading and rear-loading. Other features: load capacity 15 tons, power - 300 hp, body volume 10 m³. Environmental safety class - Euro-3. The gearbox shift pattern is 9-speed.
4. KamAZ-65115-30 - gas transport with a power of 260 hp. Load capacity 15 tons, body volume 10.5 m³.
5. Agricultural truck is a modification for transporting grain with a body volume of 9-12 m³. Environmental safety class - Euro-2.
6. Al-50 is a vehicle for fire services, equipped with a retractable ladder 50 m high.
7. KDM-316. Used by public utilities for cleaning and washing road surfaces, as well as for pothole repair. The machine is distinguished by the presence of a water tank with a volume of 820 liters and a 2-section compartment for bulk material.
8. L4 is a diesel dump truck for work on construction sites and in short-distance cargo transportation.
9. 776058 - 42 Euro-4 - transport with a bucket-type body, which can transport bulk materials. Model 65115 42 has an awning that can be used to protect the cargo from external factors.
10. Multilift. This is a model equipped with a crane. It does not require special skills or additional equipment to operate. With its help you can perform most loading jobs.

The use of this equipment as a fuel truck and garbage truck is widespread.

Specifications

Modern KamAZ models have the following performance characteristics:

1. 6.7 liter diesel engine.
2. Engine power 282 hp.
3. KamAZ-65115 with a load capacity of 15 hp;
4. 9-speed gearbox.
5. Fuel consumption rate per 100 km is up to 210 g/hp.
6. Speed ​​- 80 km/h.
7. The permissible load on the front is 6.2 tons, on the rear - 19 tons.
8. The large size of the tires allows you to travel on most roads in the CIS countries.
9. KamAZ has an effective system for suppressing noise and vibration in the cab.
10. Pneumatic drive system. Drum type brakes.

The manufacturer offers 12 different configurations. They differ mainly in the body, the direction of its overturning, the engine, the presence or absence of a towing device, and inter-wheel locking.

Dimensional volume and weight parameters

The volume of the KamAZ-65115 tank for fuel is 350 liters, for neutralizing liquid - 35 liters. This size of the fuel tank is sufficient due to the economical consumption of fuel and lubricants through the low-maintenance fuel supply system. Other options:

• overall dimensions of the machine (l*w*h) - 6.7*2.5*3.0 m;
• filling volumes depend on the modification and vary in the range from 210 to 1020 l;
• body volume from 10.3 to 12 m³;
• the permitted maximum weight of a trailer is 13 tons, a road train is 38.2 tons.

The cars, when their tanks are full, weigh 25.2 tons.

Chassis

KamAZ-65115 chassis with technical characteristics allow you to navigate off-road. Tire size 11.00 R20 — best option for managing transport in areas of poor traffic.

The rigid suspension is compensated by a pneumatic system for the operator's seat.

Device

The modern model has improved mechanisms that ensure reliable operation of transport and comfortable movement around the area.

Brake system

It has brake drums with 2 pads inside and a pneumatic drive. This is enough to quickly stop heavy vehicles.

Electrical equipment

The electrical diagram is intended to indicate the main elements of the system and the implementation self-repair if necessary. The color diagram of electrical equipment indicates the sequence of connections of electrical wiring and all electrical devices of the vehicle. Main elements of the system:

• power unit starting device;
• cabin lighting;
• turn signals, headlights, hazard lights;
• glass cleaning system, heating and energy supply;
• anti-theft mechanism;
• instrument panel;
• audio system;
• safety block;
• control unit.

These units will function normally only if the KamAZ electrical equipment is in satisfactory condition.

Cooling system

The coolant volume is 25 liters. The cooling system of the equipment has the following elements:

• water pump;
• cooling fan;
• thermostats;
• pipes;
• cooling radiator.

Difference freight transport from a passenger car - in a cooling system of 2 thermostats and the presence of shutters on the cooling radiator. In winter, blinds in the closed position allow you to quickly warm up the car engine. The hydraulic clutch and controlled drive automatically adjust the fan speed.

Exhaust system

The main elements of the exhaust system: muffler, pipe, pipes, tee, fitting, gas switch box.

Advantages and Disadvantages

Main advantages of the model:

1. Massive bumper. Acts as additional protection in case of an accident, acting as a buffer and softening the blow.
2. Dead zones are virtually eliminated. Large viewing angle for the driver.
3. Air suspension and seat adjustment system.
4. Adjusting the steering column height.
5. 2 types of engines.
6. High-quality tires and wheel formula for driving on any terrain.

Main disadvantages:

1. Often a malfunction occurs in the oil line: the appearance of oil in the engine or in the oil seals. The situation can be corrected by replacing the hydraulic booster with a new one.
2. The cushions on which the body rests are poorly secured and break when the load is lowered.
3. Engine not resistant to weather factors.
4. Partial breakdown of brake mechanisms.

The chair causes discomfort when long trip, and the microclimate system in the office operates unevenly. Thus, this model not suitable for long distance driving.

Instructions for use

The operating instructions contain basic information about the transport mechanism, preparing it for operation, rules and frequency of maintenance, and main malfunctions.

If minor damage occurs, you can use the diagram and instructions for self-repair. Otherwise, you should contact customer service.

How much does a truck cost

The price of the new KamAZ starts from 2.8 million rubles with rear loading and from 4.1 million rubles with rear and side loading. Used vehicles can be purchased from 600,000 rubles, depending on the service life, mileage and region of sale. In some cases, it is worth comparing first: perhaps the purchase and rental prices are not comparable, and it makes sense to arrange temporary ownership of the vehicle. This is especially applicable in areas where cargo transportation occurs only a few months a year.

The KamAZ-65115 dump truck is a special equipment that is used to transport various cargo weighing up to 15 tons, mainly in demand at construction sites, public utilities and agriculture.

The KAMAZ 65115 model is equipped with an engine with a power of 260 horsepower, reliable and economical. The volume of the car's fuel tank is 350 liters, the platform - 10 cubic meters. Its overturning is carried out in the posterior direction; The platform's elevation angle is 60 degrees.

Solid body volume, large load capacity, and impeccable performance characteristics make KAMAZ 65115 one of the most popular models on the dump truck market. The list of its advantages is complemented by a very reasonable cost.

The KAMAZ 65115 cab has air suspension, making it much more comfortable for the driver of the car to be in it. In addition, this truck has a large windshield, high seating and low seating dashboard– all this allows you to make the view from the cabin as complete as possible.

The wheels of the KAMAZ 65115 dump truck have a large diameter, and if you add to them the rigid suspension of the vehicle, then this model becomes one of the best in cross-country ability. When fully loaded, the maximum speed of the dump truck is 80 kilometers per hour.

Construction of the KamAZ-65115 dump truck

Engine

The latest modifications of the model are equipped with 6-cylinder diesel engines CUMMINS 6ISBe 285 with a displacement of 6.7 liters and a power of 282 hp. Such engines are equipped with turbocharging and a pre-cooling system for the charged air.

The engine is equipped with a 9-speed gearbox (manual). A single-plate clutch with a hydraulic drive and pneumatic booster is responsible for transmitting rotation between the engine and the gearbox. There are even more powerful modifications with the same type of engine - their power is 300 and 325 hp.

Fuel consumption will be identical for each of the 3 modifications and will be 210 g/hp, which will allow the car to reach a speed of about 80 km/h. To increase specific power and economical fuel consumption, as well as to reduce noise levels, the engine is equipped not with a classic injection pump, but with an unpretentious Common Rail fuel supply system.

Cabin

The model is characterized by an updated cabin with an ergonomic design. For driver comfort the following are provided:

• lateral seat supports;
• increased roof height;
• instrument panel with warning lamps;
• handrails on both sides of the doorway;
• two panoramic mirrors providing excellent visibility (“dead zones” are excluded);
• tool box under the passenger seat;
• additional set of basic tools (24 items);
• 3-brush windshield wiper.

The cabin is all-metal, with high levels of heat and sound insulation. The lighting optics here are powerful headlights. For passive safety The bumper has an impact-resistant plastic lining. The cleanliness of the handles is ensured by side deflectors.

Chassis

The car was created for our road conditions- thanks to tires of size 11.00 R20 you can comfortably drive cars in areas with poor traffic. The “howling” of the bridges is eliminated here, and in the cabin you can talk without raising your voice. The suspension is generally harsh, but is compensated by pneumatic elements for the driver's seat. There are brake drums (diameter - 400, width - 140 mm) with a pneumatic drive for quick stopping of heavy equipment.

Technical characteristics of KamAZ-65115

Video review of the KamAZ-65115 dump truck

Three-axle large-capacity truck KamAZ-65115 with a tipper cargo platform has a roomy body and a traditional cabin (which has a simple but practical design, as well as a comfortable and well-organized interior with three seats). The cab of KamAZ “65115” is folding, metal, has air suspension, has a high roof, but, according to the “dump” tradition, has no sleeping place.

The KamAZ-65115 dump truck received only one wheelbase option - 3190 mm. At the same time overall length the car does not exceed 6690 mm, and exactly 1320 mm are allocated for the front overhang and the distance between the axles of the rear bogie. Overall height (at the top point of the loading platform) is 2955 mm.
The dump truck is equipped with a box-type cargo platform with straight contours, a protective canopy and rear unloading. The volume of the platform is 10.0 m³, and its elevation angle is 60 degrees.

The curb weight of the KamAZ-65115 dump truck fits within the framework of 10550 kg, while gross weight a dump truck can reach 25,200 kg. Load capacity – 14500 kg. As for the maximum permissible axle load of the dump truck design, the load on the front axle should not exceed 6,200 kg, and the rear bogie is allowed to load no more than 19,000 kg.

Two engines are offered for the KamAZ-65115 dump truck:

• The base engine is considered to be 740.62-280, which has 8 V-shaped cylinders with a displacement of 11.76 liters, a turbocharging system and direct fuel injection. The maximum output of this diesel engine is 280 hp. at 1900 rpm, and the peak of its torque is noted at 1300 rpm at around 1177 Nm. The base engine is mated to a 10-speed manual transmission, the final drive ratio of which is 4.98.
• The manufacturer chose the in-line 6-cylinder 6.7-liter CUMMINS 6ISBe 285 unit as the second engine for this dump truck, which also received turbocharging and direct fuel injection. Maximum useful power of the top-end diesel engine equal to 282 hp, developed at 2500 rpm. Peak torque, in turn, is 950 Nm at 1500 rpm. This motor is more different economical consumption fuel, as well as working in tandem with a 9-speed “mechanics” ZF 9S1310, which received a final drive ratio of 6.53.

Note that both engines interact with the gearbox through a single-disc diaphragm clutch with a hydraulic drive, supplemented by a pneumatic booster.

The KamAZ-65115 dump truck is created on the basis of a three-axle frame platform and has a 6x4 wheel arrangement. This machine is equipped with traditional leaf spring suspension at the front and rear, as well as drum brakes with pneumatic control drive. Diameter used brake drums— 400 mm, width brake pads- 140 mm, and the total surface area of ​​the brake linings is 6300 cm².
A fully loaded car, on paved roads, is capable of reaching a speed of at least 80 km/h. In addition, it is also capable of climbing inclines of no more than 14 degrees. Let us add that the overall turning radius is exactly 10.0 meters.

IN basic configuration The large-capacity KamAZ-65115 dump truck is equipped with a hydraulic mechanism for lifting the loading platform, heating the loading platform, inter-wheel and inter-axle locking, halogen optics, power steering, a standard double-brush wiper, two batteries of 190 A*h each, a 28-volt generator and fuel tank with a capacity of 350 liters.

Average price (per secondary market) of a “pre-restyling” KamAZ-65115 dump truck in 2017 is 800 ~ 900 thousand rubles (largely depends on the condition of the vehicle).

Car platform- the dump truck is all-metal, welded with a protective visor, heated by exhaust gases to prevent the cargo from freezing.

Platform volume KamAZ 65115 car- 8.5 m3 (see pictures), tilt angle -60°.

Hydraulic cylinder-telescopic single-acting three-stage.

Oil pump gear type with a flow of 56 l/min at a pump shaft speed of 1900... 2000 rpm. The pump drive is from the engine through the gearbox and power take-off. Gear ratio drive motor - pump - 1.26.

Lift limit valve limits platform lift when the platform reaches its maximum lift angle.

Electropneumatic valves provide air supply from the vehicle's pneumatic system to pneumatic chambers installed on the power take-off box.

Oil tank- stamped, welded, has filler neck with filter mesh, oil level indicator and breather. A strainer is installed on the drain line in the tank.

How the platform works

The sequence of operations when raising and lowering the platform of a dump truck ( see fig. Schematic diagram of the dump truck platform lifting mechanism ):

• To engage the power take-off, disengage the clutch and press and turn the power take-off switch handle - the warning light built into the handle will light up). The current flows through the thermobimetallic fuse to the winding of the electromagnet of pneumatic valve No. 3, the core of which, moving, opens the valve. Air from the receiver enters the cavity of the pneumatic chamber of the power take-off box. When the clutch is engaged, the oil pump will start working. Oil from the tank, through the suction and discharge cavities of the pump, flows through a pipeline into the control valve, and then drains into the tank. This circulation of oil helps to warm it up winter time, which improves the operating conditions of the hydraulic system of the tipping mechanism;
• To raise the platform, move the platform raising and lowering switch to position “II”. In this case, the current passes through the windings of electropneumatic valves No. 1 and No. 2, the cores of which, moving, open the valves. Air from the receiver is supplied to the pneumatic chambers of the control valve. Oil from the control valve flows through pipelines into the hydraulic cylinder. Under the influence of oil pressure, the hydraulic cylinder links sequentially extend, raising the platform.

As the platform rises, the hydraulic cylinder tilts; When the maximum lift angle is reached, the hydraulic cylinder body presses the adjusting screw of the platform lift limiting valve, and the oil is drained through the valve into the tank. The platform lifting stops;

• To stop the platform in an intermediate position while raising or lowering, move the platform up/down switch to the neutral position. In this case, electric pneumatic valves No. 1 and No. 2 are turned off, and air leaves the working cavities of the pneumatic chambers into the atmosphere. The hydraulic cylinder line is closed, and the cavity of the control valve communicates with the drain line, and the oil from the pump is drained through the control valve into the tank;
• To lower the platform, move the platform up/down switch to the “I” position. The current flows to the winding of electro-pneumatic valve No. 1, the core of which, moving, opens the valve. Air from the receiver enters pneumatic chamber “a” of the control valve. Through the control valve, oil is drained from the hydraulic cylinder into the tank.

Once the platform has been lowered, it is necessary to set the power take-off switch to the OFF position (after disengaging the clutch). At the same time oil pump stops its work.

Adjusting the dump truck platform lifting mechanism

Check the condition and correct adjustment of the platform lift limit valve ( see fig. Adjusting the dump truck platform lifting mechanism ). The valve must be securely fastened to the subframe cross member bracket. The adjusting screw must be locked with a locknut. Do not allow the valve stem to be bent or oil to leak from under the stem seal or through the threaded connections of pipelines. When the platform lift angle is correctly adjusted, the locking pins (Fig. Installing safety cables) of the platform should fit freely into the holes in the subframe brackets. Do not operate the vehicle if the platform lift angle is not adjusted properly.

To adjust the platform lift angle dump truck:

• unscrew the locknut ( see fig. Adjusting the dump truck platform lifting mechanism ) adjusting screw;
• screw the adjusting screw into the rod until it stops;
• lift the platform to a position where the platform locking pins fit freely into the holes in the subframe brackets, and lock the platform in this position with the locking pins;
• unscrew the adjusting screw from the valve stem until it touches the hydraulic cylinder body and lock it with a locknut;
• unlock the platform, lower it and raise it again;
• make sure that lifting stops when the axis of the locking pins coincides ( see fig. Installation of safety ropes ) with the axes of the holes in the subframe brackets. The deflection of the safety cable should be 35... 50 mm. If the deflection is different, adjust the cable length by loosening the cable clamps.

Checking the oil level and filling the hydraulic system

Check the oil level in the tank with the platform lowered using the indicator mounted in the tank cover. The level should be located between marks H and B on the indicator.

To refuel the hydraulic system:

• Unscrew the oil tank filler cap, remove, wash and reinstall the strainer;
• Fill the oil up to mark B on the oil level indicator;
• raise and lower the platform 3...4 times at an average engine speed (1100...1300 rpm) to pump the system and remove air from it;
• Check the oil level and, if necessary, add to mark B.