Maz 500 a technical specifications. The legendary 500th episode. Review of the main technical characteristics of the car

MAZ-500 is a truck made in the USSR, created in Minsk automobile plant as a replacement trucks two hundredth model. It was produced from 1963 to 1990. At the same time, its prototype was released in 1958.

Since the truck turned out to be very successful, its design was adopted by foreign automakers. So from 1966 to 1979 it was used in Sweden as a base for the production of the Volvo F86 truck.

The main difference from its predecessor MAZ-500 was the cabin located above the engine. This technical solution made it possible to slightly reduce the weight of the vehicle, as well as significantly increase the length of its cargo platform. As a result, the truck began to take on board five hundred kilograms more.

Initially, the truck received an onboard wooden body and a load capacity of 7,500 kilograms. At the same time, its wheelbase was 3,850 millimeters.

Later the body became a metal dump truck with a hinged tail gate.

A characteristic feature of the car was the decorative lining of the radiator grille, consisting of fourteen vertical ribs, as well as a casing attached to the rear wall of the cabin.

The power unit on the dump truck was a six-cylinder YaMZ-236 with a power of 180 horsepower and a volume of 11.15 liters. It was paired with a five-speed manual transmission. Thanks to such a well-coordinated “tandem”, the car was suitable for cargo evacuation and could tow a trailer weighing up to 12,000 kilograms.

A design feature of the MAZ-500 is considered to be that it is completely independent of the vehicle’s other systems. For example, even the power steering uses a hydraulic drive here. In this regard, the truck's engine could run regardless of how functional its power system was.

This unusual solution was due to the fact that the truck was originally created for army needs, specifically to work in conditions of a nuclear explosion. In addition, the lack electric drives made it possible to completely eliminate the unmasking of the MAZ-500 by radio interference.

The truck had an all-metal cabin for three people. It was installed:

Fan;

Heater;

Sun visor;

Mechanical windows;

Automatic windshield washer and wipers

Thanks to its successful design, the car had several modifications:

MAZ-500Sh - chassis for various configurations;

MAZ-500V - distinguished by the presence of a metal platform;

MAZ-500G - flatbed dump truck with an extended base;

MAZ-500S - was a modification created for operation in the North;

MAZ-500Yu - modification for the tropics;

MAZ-505 - dump truck.

It was replaced in 1970 by the MAZ-500A.

The truck is currently found on Russian roads and a fully operational car costs 80,000 rubles.

Technical characteristics of MAZ-500:

By November 7, 1958, the first samples of MAZ-500 and MAZ-503 vehicles of the promising cabover family were assembled at the Minsk Automobile Plant - an event that largely predetermined the further development of MAZ. The design of the first samples used components from cars of the 200 family (in particular, a four-cylinder two stroke engine YaAZ-204). As the car was being prepared for serial production, its design was continuously improved. Externally, experimental cars from different years of creation can be distinguished by the exterior of the cabin, which was changed several times - in total, at least six cabin design options were created.
The first production MAZ-500 trucks rolled off the assembly line in March 1965, while small trial assemblies of MAZ-500 trucks on the assembly line began back in 1963 and all this time was used to debug production processes, often completely new for factory workers. Also, one of the reasons for the start of pilot production of the MAZ-500 only in 1963 was that the Yaroslavl Motor Plant (until April 17, 1958 - the Yaroslavl Automobile Plant) was able to begin sustainable serial production of V-shaped 180-horsepower six-cylinder YaMZ- 236 for new car only in 1962, although they began to be formally mass produced in October 1961.
On December 31, 1965, the last car of the 200th MAZ family rolled off the main assembly line, and since 1966 the plant completely switched to producing cars of the MAZ-500 family, constantly increasing their production.
A whole team of designers, headed by Mikhail Vysotsky, took part in the creation of new machines. N. Kuzmin, L. Gilels, A. Vagonny, I. Demidovich, as well as young design artists N. Yankova, L. Lavrentyeva and F. Revzina worked with him. For the creation of heavy-duty vehicles and road trains of the MAZ-500 family, a group of plant specialists were awarded the title of USSR State Prize laureates.
Unlike its predecessor, the MAZ-500 had a cabin-over-engine layout, which allowed it to slightly reduce the weight of the vehicle and increase the length of the cargo platform, which ultimately led to an increase in carrying capacity by 500 kg, while operating fuel consumption decreased by 10%.

The basic option was the MAZ-500 flatbed with a wooden platform with a lifting capacity of 7500 kg and a wheelbase of 3850 mm. The car had a characteristic decorative lining of the radiator grille of 14 vertical ribs, a casing attached to the rear wall of the cab. The cars were equipped with a 5-speed gearbox with synchronizers in the four highest gears and power steering. MAZ-500 and thanks powerful engine could tow a trailer with a total weight of 12,000 kg, overcoming inclines up to 20 degrees and developing with full load speed 75 km/h. At the same time, its operational fuel consumption was 25 liters per 100 km.
Transition to completely new design without unification with the previous, outdated one, it allowed the introduction of many progressive technical solutions. These include planetary gearboxes in hubs rear wheels, power steering, telescopic shock absorbers double-acting, as well as a forward-leaning cab - a fundamentally new solution for heavy-duty trucks of those years.

The new “500th” family was model range, in which, in addition to various options onboard vehicles also included a dump truck, a saddle truck, a timber carrier, a chassis for placing various special equipment and some more. For many years, the MAZ-500 chassis served as the basis for the installation of a wide range of special superstructures, and some of them have survived to this day!
In 1970, the MAZ-500 was replaced by the MAZ-500A with a wheelbase increased by 100 mm and a load capacity increased to 8 tons.
The historical information is detailed and interesting, for which many thanks and respect to the author.


In my village now more and more Chinese dump trucks and Japanese trucks are driving on the roads, and MAZs in general and the 500 family in particular are incredibly difficult to come across, and those cars are probably conversions, and they are original parts there's not much left anymore. Personally, I remember them exclusively in the late eighties and early nineties, then - like a cow licked them with her tongue. And even in that period of my memories there were not so many clouds. Nevertheless, the MAZ 500 series is a cult truck, and its model should certainly be in the collection of every collector/gatherer.
For some unknown reason, the MAZ-500 family was industrially affected only by the Nash Avtoprom office, from which it came out, accordingly, rustic and without frills. But it was a joy for many who remembered and knew the 500th firsthand. Moreover, its cost was definitely acceptable. Although it would seem: GAZ-AA is also a full-fledged truck, but its cost is only 300 rubles; So why did they ask for 850 already? In my head I can’t help but imagine an arrogant customer-huckster who decided to make money the easy way.
Of course, in one well-known place, the model was not ignored, and some even took a caliper and, after taking measurements, declared that the cabin was incredibly large, and therefore junk. Much later, the opinion was expressed that those measurements were supposedly not so correct, they re-measured, and it turned out that the cabin, in general, fits quite well in size... The truth is somewhere nearby. All you have to do is take it yourself necessary tool and make sure.
In this post we will talk about a flatbed truck, which, naturally, was also among NAP cars. The Commander-in-Chief at one time (though with the letter “A” in the index, which doesn’t really change the essence) described it in sufficient detail.
By the way, it was also industrially planed in the ANS magazine series, but it was already a tanker with a chronologically modified cabin with a four-digit index based on the MAZ-5334.
Non-industrial MAZ-500 is sculpted by quite a few workshops: KAN, Cimmeria, ALF, DNA, Ad-Modum (what comes to mind first). All of them have one degree or another close to the prototype; I know little about geometry: it seems to be the most replica of KAN.
Today a model from ALF will be presented. I bought it in a bunch with the same thing and from one very good seller.


Well, now - as usual - front view:


On the roof there are 3 hatches, 7 stiffening ribs.
The rear view mirrors, like the windshield wipers, are made from wire soldering.
The manufacturer's emblem, it seems, was cast at the same time as the shape of the cabin, and therefore does not look very clear under the silver plate. Etching with different colors would create a much nicer impression:


It’s strange, Igor Denisovets writes about 14 vertical ribs on the radiator grille, on the model there are 13, but on the prototype, even though I didn’t count from the photo, it turns out to be 12. Apparently, the outer side ribs are also taken into account, then everything agrees with the prototype. In this case, there are 15 of them on the model.
The radiator itself is clearly visible behind the radiator grille. Unfortunately, it is made with these ribs in one piece.
The head optics are manufactured to a very high standard. This is not counting the turn indicators, which are painted.
The bumper is corrugated, with eyelets. I would like to see the number on it:

Top view:


On the left I go to the movements:


In general, the interior is painted bright gray, sleeping place, the engine compartment cover and steering wheel with instrument panel are black, and the seats are bright brown.
The door handles are not made as separate parts::


Gas tank and box on the left side:


General rear view:


There is no interior lining on the body:


The interior view from the rear window is rather poor:


A frame, bars on it, a body with a pronounced wood texture on the boards.
The lanterns are highlighted with red paint with some kind of varnish coating:


View from the right in the direction of travel:


Front wheel. The focus has shifted back, there is no sharpness on the wheel:


The spare tire is under the body on the starboard side. You can see the tread pattern. It seems that the tires are from Kharkov:


Rear wheel. The problems with sharpness are the same as on the front wheel. There was no time to re-photograph:


Bottom view of the model:

Three-quarter images:

The drivers of the KamAZ and MAZ trucks knew each other well:


However, I had to park near the old-timer of the nearest parking lot - ZIS-151:


But it turned out somehow awkward:


I had to change the position:


Now the old ZIL-164A is happy with everything:


The next day everything changed slightly.
The last one to arrive was GAZ-3902. Returns:


This is how the parking spaces were organized:


Three-quarter half-side-top:

Finally, here is this box:


Car model: MAZ-500 flatbed
Prototype production period: 1965-1977
Manufacturer: ALF
Release date: -
Brief opinion: MAZ No. 2 in the collection
Grade:
Quality: 4.75 out of 5. There are no flaws in the assembly of my model, except for casting defects (for this -0.25).
Detail: 4 out of 7. Door handles - minus 0.25. Rear optics and front direction indicators - the same amount. The bottom and sides inside the body without lining - plus -0.25 for each. Total: -1 point.
Compliance with the prototype: 4.25 out of 5. Minus half a point because of the cockpit. There is a feeling that it is too small, that is, a little smaller than necessary in scale. And -0.25 for the extra stiffener rib on the radiator grille.
Recognizability: 2 out of 2. Yes, we recognize it, no matter what.
Charisma: 4 out of 5. Charismatic, all right.
Box: 2 of 7. According to

The Soviet MAZ 500 truck, the photo of which is presented on the page, was created in 1965 at an automobile plant in Minsk. New model and its predecessor differ in the location of the engine, which is placed in the lower part of the cabin. This arrangement made it possible to reduce the weight of the car and at the same time increase its carrying capacity by 500 kilograms.

Story

The base model was the MAZ 500 flatbed with a wooden body. The vehicle's carrying capacity was 7.5 tons; thanks to the 180-horsepower engine, the car could easily tow a trailer weighing 12 tons.

The new family of “five hundredths” comprised a model range of the following modifications: dump truck “MAZ 500”, “505”, timber carrier “509”, and universal chassis “500Sh”.

Rolled off the assembly line in 1970 new car"MAZ 500A" with an extended wheelbase and a load capacity increased to 8 tons. trucks have been optimized according to European standards. direct transmission was reduced, the speed of the car increased to 90 kilometers per hour.

"MAZ 500", the photo of which allows you to evaluate new design The second generation car deserves its due, it looks modern. A noticeable difference is the distinctive radiator grille, consisting of eight rectangular air intakes.

"MAZ 500A" was produced for seven years, until September 1977, after which it was replaced by a new series -

The YaMZ-236 diesel engine, which was installed on the MAZ 500, could operate without electrical equipment. This advantage was used by the military, who ordered the “500th” in large quantities for the needs of the USSR Armed Forces. Steering with a hydraulic booster there was also no need for electrical power. Brake system was supplied with compressed air from the receiver, which, in turn, was filled with a constantly running compressor. No one was embarrassed by the lack of all-wheel drive on the MAZ 500; the vehicle's performance and engine power reserves were impressive.

Characteristics

The truck has the following technical parameters:

• overall length - 7140 mm;
• overall height - 2650 mm;
• overall width - 2500 mm;
• ground clearance - 270 mm;
• wheelbase - 3850 mm;
• rear track - 1865 mm;
• front track - 1970 mm;
• curb weight without loading - 6.5 tons;
• full weight, loaded - 14,825 kg;
• speed for freight transport- 75 km/h;
• maximum speed - 90 km/h;
• diesel fuel consumption - 25 liters per 100 kilometers;
• Fuel tank capacity - 200 liters.

Engine

Engine Features:

• brand - YaMZ 236;
• production - Yaroslavl Motor Plant;
• type - diesel;
• cylinder volume - 11,150 cc/cm;
• maximum power - 180 hp;
• maximum torque - 667 Nm at 1500 rpm;
• number of cylinders - 6;
• compression ratio - 16.5;
• cylinder diameter - 130 mm;
• piston stroke - 140 mm;
• the working order of the cylinders is 1,4,2,5,3,6;
• gas distribution mechanism - valve OHV;
• number of cycles - 4.

Transmission

Parameters:

• model - 236B;
• manufacturer - YaMZ;
• type - mechanical;
• number of speeds - 5 forward and 1 reverse;
• switching mechanism - lever, floor, manual.

Gear numbers:

first speed - 5.26;

gear 2 - 2.90;

gear 3 - 1.52;

gear 4 - 1.00;

gear 5 - 0.66;

reverse gear - 5.48.

Drive axle transmission - planetary gearboxes in wheel hubs with gear ratio 7,24.

Modifications

• "500Ш" - universal chassis;
• "500V" - onboard, equipped with a metal platform;
• "500G" - flatbed, with an extended base;
• "500С" - for operation in northern conditions;
• "500Yu" - designed for operation in southern latitudes;
• "505" - all-wheel drive;

Chassis

• The front axle has a transverse beam on semi-elliptical springs, a pin axle, a wheel hub on tapered roller bearings, the tension is adjustable by a clamping nut with a lock. Telescopic shock absorbers with hydraulics.
• The rear axle is a gear beam on semi-elliptical-type reinforced longitudinal springs. Shock absorbers are hydraulic, reciprocating action. Buffer limiters of vertical loads. Semi-axial differential of planetary design, hypoid. Gearbox mechanisms for transmitting rotation to wheels.
• The cardan shaft is two-section with an intermediate support. Crosses on
• The brake system is pneumatic, with pressure supplied from the receiver. The system operates only when the engine is running. On all wheels brake mechanisms drum type.
• The steering is a worm-hypoid mechanism.
• The toe-in of the front wheels is adjusted by a transverse beam equipped with a lanyard bushing.
• clutch - double-disc dry, with compensating dampers. The release mechanism is pneumatic, combined with a thrust bearing.

Cabin

"MAZ 500" is equipped with a spacious all-metal cabin on an articulated lift. If necessary, the entire structure is raised to a tilt of 45 degrees, which opens access to the engine and all related mechanisms. The cabin is equipped with minimal amenities for relaxation.

The control mechanisms of the MAZ 500 are conveniently located, the instruments are easy to read, it is designed for a person of average height and is not adjustable. The cabin is well soundproofed. The heating works quite efficiently.

MAZ-500 can rightfully be considered one of the iconic cars Soviet period . It became the first cabover truck produced in the Soviet Union. Another similar model is MAZ-53366. The need for such a car layout arose a long time ago, since the shortcomings of the classic model had already been felt all over the world.

However, only by the beginning of the 60s did the quality of the roads of the huge country become sufficient for the operation of such machines.

The MAZ-500 rolled off the assembly line of the Minsk plant in 1965, replacing its predecessors of the 200 series, and before production was completed in 1977 it managed to become a legend in the domestic automotive industry.

And only later, in the second half of the 80s, the MAZ-5337 model appeared. Read about her

Description of the MAZ 500 onboard dump truck

MAZ-500 in its classic version is flatbed dump truck with wooden platform. High maneuverability, reliability and ample opportunities further modifications made it possible to use it in almost any area of ​​the economy as a dump truck, tractor or flatbed truck.

Thanks to its unique design, this vehicle can operate without electrical equipment if it is started from a tractor, which has caused great military interest in the truck.

Engine

The base engine of the 500 series was the Yaroslavl YaMZ-236 unit. This is a four-stroke diesel V6 without turbocharging, developing torque up to 667 Nm at 1500 rpm. Like all engines of this YaMZ-236 series very reliable and still does not cause any complaints from MAZ-500 owners.

Fuel consumption

Fuel consumption per 100 km is about 22–25 liters, which is typical for a truck of this power. (For ZIL-5301 this figure is 12l/100km). The welded fuel tank of the MAZ-500 with a volume of 175 liters has two partitions to dampen fuel water hammer. The only drawback of the unit currently is its low environmental class.

Transmission

Truck transmission - five-speed mechanics with synchronizers in second-third and fourth-fifth gears. It was first equipped with a single-disc, and since 1970, with a double-disc dry friction clutch with the ability to switch under load. The clutch was located in a cast iron housing.

The history of the development of the Kamaz plant, specialization and key models are described in this article.

One of the plant’s new developments is a car powered by methane. You can read about it.

Rear axle

The rear axle of the MAZ-500 is a drive axle. The torque is divided in the gear reducer. This reduces the load on the differential and axle shafts, which distinguishes the design from the 200 series cars.

For various modifications were issued rear axles with gear ratios 7.73 and 8.28, which was changed by increasing or decreasing the number of teeth of the cylindrical gears of the gearbox.

Nowadays, to improve the performance characteristics of the MAZ-500, for example, to reduce vibration, more modern rear axles are often installed on the truck, usually from LiAZ and LAZ.

Cabin and body

The first MAZ-500 was equipped with a wooden platform. Later, variants with a metal body appeared.

The windshield is made of two parts, separated by a partition, but unlike the 200th model, the brush drive is located at the bottom. The cabin tilts forward and provides access to the engine compartment.

Technical characteristics of the tractor

Main Dimensions

• L x W x H - 7.1 x 2.6 x 2.65 m,
• wheelbase - 3.85 m,
• rear track - 1.9 m,
• front track - 1,950 m,
• ground clearance - 290 mm,
• platform dimensions - 4.86 x 2.48 x 6.7 m,
• body volume - 8.05 m3.

Load capacity and weight

• load capacity - 7.5 t, (for ZIL-157 - 4.5 t)
• own weight - 6.5 t,
• maximum trailer weight - 12 tons,
• total weight - 14.8 tons.

For comparison, you can familiarize yourself with the carrying capacity of BelAZ.

Performance characteristics

• maximum speed - 75 km/h,
• braking distance - 18 m,
• power – 180 l. With.,
• engine volume – 11.1 l,
• gas tank volume – 175 l,
• fuel consumption - 25 l/100 km,
• turning radius - 9.5 m.

Modifications and prices

The design of the MAZ-500 turned out to be extremely successful, which made it possible to create many modifications and experimental models based on the dump truck, including:

In 1970, an improved model MAZ-500A was released. It had a reduced width to meet international requirements, an optimized gearbox, and was externally distinguished mainly by a new radiator grille. Maximum speed new version increased to 85 km/h, load capacity increased to 8 tons.

Some models created on the basis of the MAZ-500

• MAZ-504 - two-axle tractor unit, unlike other cars based on the MAZ-500 had two fuel tank 175 liters each. The next MAZ-504V tractor in this series was equipped with a 240-horsepower YaMZ 238 and could transport a semi-trailer of up to 20 tons.
• MAZ-503 is a quarry type dump truck.
• MAZ-511 - a dump truck with side unloading, not mass-produced.
• MAZ-509 - a timber carrier, differed from the MAZ-500 and other early models in its double-disc clutch, gearbox numbers and front axle gearboxes.

Some MAZ 500 series tried on four-wheel drive - this is an experimental army truck 505 and a truck tractor 508. However, none of the all-wheel drive models went into production.

Today, trucks based on the MAZ-500 can be found on the used car market at prices ranging from 150 to 300 thousand rubles. These are mostly cars in good technical condition, produced in the late 70s.

Video: MAZ-500 retro test drive

Tuning

Even now 500 series cars can be seen on the roads of the former Soviet republics. This car also has its fans, who spare no effort and time to tune the old MAZ.

More details about tuning in the video:

Such a large-scale modification requires serious investment, but, according to drivers, it’s worth it. For a smoother ride, replace rear axle and shock absorbers.

Traditionally a lot of attention is paid to the cabin. Autonomous heating, heat and sound insulation, installation of air conditioning and air suspension - this is not a complete list of changes that tuning enthusiasts make to the MAZ-500.

If we talk about global changes, then most often various models of the 500 series are converted into a truck tractor. And, of course, the first thing after purchase is to get the MAZ into working condition, since the age of the cars makes itself felt.

It is impossible to list all the functions that the MAZ-500 could perform: a panel carrier, an army truck, a fuel and water carrier, a truck crane. This a unique truck will forever remain in the history of the Soviet automotive industry as the ancestor of many good models Minsk plant, such as MAZ-5551.