Oils for gas engines Can motor oils be used for diesel engines? Automotive oil for gas engines Oil for engines converted to gas

Before talking about the distinctive properties of such oil, it is necessary to consider some features of the engine. internal combustion on gas.

Features of gas engine operation

The combustion temperature of gas is higher than that of gasoline. Open sources provide the following data:

It follows that a gas engine heats up 15-30% more and the system requires better heat dissipation.

When gas burns, it forms nitric acid, which leads to additional oxidation of the oil and rapid destruction of antioxidant additives.

Gasoline contains oily hydrocarbon impurities that remain during combustion and lubricate the cylinder walls and rings. Unlike gasoline, the gas burns out completely in the cylinder and does not provide additional lubrication of the compression rings, which leads to greater wear on the cylinder surface.

The high temperature of gas combustion in the cylinders promotes the formation of oil combustion products - ash and leads to pollution oil system and additional wear of all components.

Distinctive properties of oils for gas engines

Gas engine oil has all the properties to prevent the above problems:

• better thermal conductivity
• higher combustion temperature
• low ash content
• additional lubricating properties
• best protection from oxidation

What oil should I use - regular or special?

Everyone must decide for themselves which oil to use.

But it is worth remembering that manufacturers of oils for gasoline engines create a balanced set of additives for certain engine operating conditions. Any change in these conditions leads to rapid failure of some additives, which, in turn, leads to incorrect and unbalanced operation of others. As a result, regular oil needs to be changed more often, as it loses its properties before the required time. And untimely oil changes can lead to rapid engine failure and costly repairs.

Synthetic oil RAVENOL VEG 5W-40

Synthetic motor oil for gas engines. Developed on the basis of a special base oil and additive package. Provides energy-saving engine operation and maximum wear protection.

Semi-synthetic oil RAVENOL TEG 10W-40

RAVENOL TEG SAE 10W-40 is a semi-synthetic, low-friction motor oil manufactured using CleanSynto® technology for gas-powered engines. Manufactured using a mixture of RAO and hydrocracking base oils and a special additive package.

Mineral oil RAVENOL MGS 15W-40

RAVENOL MGS 15W-40 is a special motor oil for gas engines, top quality, made on the basis of mineral base oil with the addition of a complex of special additives.

Domestic trucks of the Gorky Automobile Plant have been popular since Soviet period. As you know, engine oils, and GAZ is no exception, must have high adhesive properties and reliably protect the main mechanisms of the system from corrosion, effectively remove heat from the rubbing surfaces of parts and prevent wear.

General characteristics of oil for GAZ

According to the operating conditions of the internal combustion engine: pressure, temperature indicators, the force of frictional interaction of parts, as well as the material of their manufacture, GAZ vehicles are used various types car oil

They have one thing in common: high-quality lubricants should not change their original characteristics during operation or under the influence of temperature fluctuations.

At the same time, they must comply with the vehicle manufacturer's requirements and general approval. The composition should not contain harmful wastes and impurities, alkalis and acids. For each engine separately, a lubricant component with a certain level of viscosity, temperature hardening and stability is used.

As for viscosity, this indicator demonstrates the resistance of particles to mutual movement. If the oil has a high degree of viscosity, then it is difficult to penetrate into the engine and does not spray well.

Accordingly, if this parameter is not observed, the motor oil has a negative effect on reducing the friction of parts, which leads to rapid engine wear. Viscosity is usually indicated by numbers before the letter indicating the brand. Thus, the higher the indicator, the greater the degree of viscosity.

As for stability, this means its ability not to change its original properties over a long period of time. This is an extremely important factor for the operation of GAZ vehicles. The hardening of a lubricant indicates its temperature at which it loses its mobility properties.

Lubricants for power units GAS are indicated by numbers and letter symbols. The number is the degree of viscosity, the letter M and subsequent numbers demonstrate the performance characteristics.

Oil for GAZ 53

In ICE 53 models, off-season lubricants AC8 or M8B are usually used. The first marking is more old version oil designations. The letter A indicated engines with carburetors, C was the cleaning method, the last number demonstrated the degree of viscosity of the liquid.

For the most efficient operation of the oil, it is recommended to use special additives in the GAZ engine. They increase the viscosity of the main lubricant, and also prevent strong fluidity and increase the performance of the system. For GAZ, complex additives are usually used that change some properties of the motor oil.

Lubricant for the GAZ 3110 engine

For an internal combustion engine 3110 with 8 cylinders, it is necessary to use natural-based oil with a viscosity level of 15w30, 10w30. It is also recommended to use semi-synthetics with a viscosity of 10w40 from the companies Gazpromneft and Lukoil.

If the vehicle is actively used in severe frosts, then it is necessary to fill in synthetic products with a viscosity level of 5w40. However, for such engines it is best to use lubricants based on mineral and semi-synthetic bases.

As for the volume of motor oil, for the GAZ 3110 engine system it is necessary to use about 8 liters, and in older 3.5 engines - no more than 7 liters. The frequency of lubricant changes is carried out upon reaching 5000-7000 km, according to operating conditions.

Engine oil for GAZ 3307

For petrol-based 8-cylinder power units, it is recommended to use motor fluids with a viscosity level of 10w40 and 5w40 on a semi-synthetic basis. You can also fill in mineral water with a viscosity of 20w50, 15w40. Factory oils were developed specifically for model 3107:

• Master 10w40;
• Professional 5w40;
• Mineral oil Original and Standard.

Any factory lubricants can be replaced with alternative foreign options. Filling will require 10 liters. Replacements are carried out upon reaching 7,000-10,000 km according to operating conditions.

For diesel engines with volumes of 4.75 and 4.43 liters, it is necessary to use about 12 liters of lubricant. It is recommended to use liquids on a mineral or semi-synthetic basis as fillers. The viscosity level is 15w40, 5w40, 10w40. Replacement frequency is upon reaching 7,000-10,000 km.

If there is a desire or need to replace factory oil with identical analogues, then you can use any mineral compositions. Experienced car enthusiasts recommend using motor lubricants from the following manufacturers:

• Lukoil;
• Gazpromneft;
• Castrol;
• Shell.

The main thing is not to forget that the product must correspond to the level of viscosity depending on the operation of the car for certain weather conditions.

Motor lubricant for GAZ 21

For Volga power units of the first generation produced in 1968, off-season mineral-based fluids with a viscosity level of 15w20 and SG quality are relevant. If we are talking about newer vehicle configurations, then for the cold season it is recommended to fill in 5w20 SG mineral water.

Any selected motor oil must be checked against the factory requirements and specifications for the GAZ 21, as well as maintenance intervals. Mostly, owners of model 21 use semi-synthetic oils with a viscosity level of 10w40. They work great at any time of the year.

About 6 liters are used for replacement. In summer, it is recommended to use mineral lubricants with a replacement interval of 7–10,000 km. As for the brand, you should give preference to the above options.

Oils for GAZ in winter

Thanks to the markings, every GAZ owner can choose the most optimal oil for their car model. In winter, lubricant must be selected according to temperature and viscosity characteristics. Ideally, these are compositions with a viscosity from 0w30 to 10w40.

0w30 is less viscous, but even in severe frosts -30/-40 does not lose its original fluidity properties and interacts well with internal combustion engines.

As for oils with a rating of 5w30, they are also used in winter time when there are mild frosts. Oils with the 10w30 index are recommended for use in regions where milder weather conditions are observed.

The 10w40 label demonstrates versatility. That is lubricating fluid can be used in areas where temperatures down to -5°C are observed.

We should not forget the fact that a lower indicator demonstrates the level of viscosity during the heating period of the engine and its further reaching operating temperatures. If the oil has too much fluidity, then it will not be able to guarantee full protection of the GAZ engine compared to thicker lubricants.

In other words, we can say that with high fluidity, a thinner, less reliable film is formed to protect the main mechanisms of the GAZ system. Accordingly, to be sure of instant start-up of a cold unit, it is best to use lubricants with a viscosity level of 5w30, 5w40, 15w30.

When taking into account the operating characteristics of a GAZ vehicle, it is necessary to follow the manufacturer’s recommendations and fill in higher quality products in accordance with the climate zone.

For example, if in technical instructions If it is indicated that for a specific car model it is necessary to use 10w40 or 5w30 oils, then it is necessary to select fluids taking into account a possible decrease in the temperature conditions of a particular region.

In many countries, the use of gas fuel is becoming increasingly widespread due to its low cost compared to diesel fuel and gasoline. In addition, compared to the latter, gas has a number of advantages:

• Reduces the toxicity of internal combustion engine exhaust gases, which has a positive effect on the environment
• Helps reduce CPG wear and increase engine oil service life (the gas-air mixture does not wash away the oil film from the cylinder walls and does not dilute the oil in the engine crankcase)
• It is highly resistant to detonation, which virtually eliminates its harmful effects on engine parts ( octane number for gas fuel is more than 100 units)
• Improves vehicle fuel efficiency by running the engine on a leaner fuel mixture (depending on engine operating mode)
• Increases spark plug life

The most widely used and promising are the following types of gaseous hydrocarbon fuels: compressed (compressed) natural gas (methane) and liquefied petroleum gas (propane-butane mixture).

However, engines running on gas fuel also have a number of disadvantages. Firstly, exhaust gases contain more water vapor than liquid fuel, so motor oils for such engines must have sufficient resistance to watering.

Secondly, during the combustion of lean gas-air mixtures, a lot of nitrogen oxides are formed, so oils must be sufficiently resistant to their effects. Thirdly, the peculiarities of mixture formation increase sensitivity to the formation of burnt oil deposits (ash deposits) in the combustion chamber. Therefore, the content of organometallic additives (sulfate ash content), which gives these deposits, in oils for gas engines should be lower. Fourthly, starting engines running on gas fuel is difficult at subzero temperatures.

When gas fuel is burned in conventional car engines, the temperature in the combustion chamber is higher than when using gasoline. This promotes the formation of deposits (mostly varnish) that do not fade. Therefore, motor oils must have increased resistance to thermal destruction, improved detergent properties, and their sulfate ash content must be lower (up to 0.5%) than conventional oils.

These requirements are met by oils belonging to API classes SF/CC, SF/CD and higher. Special oils are also produced for gas (and not hybrid gasoline-gas) engines, designed to operate only on this type of fuel. These products are separated into a separate subgroup, since their production uses special ash-free additives, which are 1.5-2 times more expensive than those used in the production of conventional motor oils.

In gasoline engines converted to gas without changing the compression ratio and without other significant design modifications, automakers allow the use of oils approved for operation in conventional gasoline engines. Based on the viscosity-temperature properties of gas engines, automakers recommend using oils of classes and SAE 15W-40.

When switching to gas diesel engines For trucks and buses, automakers require the use of motor oils that have been approved for use based on the results of special tests. Specifications for oils for gas engines are published only by a few leading companies: Daimler Chrysler (MB 226.9), MAN (M3271), Renault (RGD).

Other manufacturers are still forming basic requirements for oils according to API or ACEA classifications, but are putting forward additional restrictions on the content of certain components.

30.10.2011
Oils for gas engines

Engines running on natural gas emit significantly less harmful substances into the atmosphere than gasoline engines. This has led to an increase in the use of gas-powered vehicles. However, gas is not as accessible as gasoline or diesel fuel at gas stations, so gas cars are mainly used in large fleets with centralized refueling. An example of the use of gas engines are city and school buses and others. vehicles for transportation over short distances. Many passenger cars and trucks can be adapted to run on gas at low cost. Almost gas engines, like stationary ones, are of interest in places where there is cheap gas. For example, they are often used to generate electricity or at compressor stations for petroleum products. In addition to natural gas, gas produced in landfills, incinerators and wastewater treatment plants is increasingly being used these days. This gas is used to drive electric generators. In stationary installations, both two-stroke and four-stroke gas engines are used. Similar to mobile gas engines, these conventionally designed engines are specially adapted to a specific application. The operating conditions of automobile and stationary engines are radically different from each other. If car engine has a service life of 5000 hours at 6000 rpm, then stationary engines can last for decades, but at significantly lower speeds. This affects the choice of materials and operating fluids. Gas engines use gases as fuel. Most often, and especially passenger cars, use natural gas under pressure or in the form CNG(compressed natural gas, in most cases methane), or LNG(compressed natural gas, most often propane-butane). CNG dominates. When using gas as a fuel, a number of quality criteria must be taken into account: hydrocarbon structure, calorific value, presence of water and, above all, contamination with other gases, such as hydrogen sulfide or halogen compounds, which have a decisive influence. Unlike gas used for mobile applications, stationary engines often run on gas of variable quality depending on local conditions. Engine designs and lubricants for engines operating on waste gases emitted from landfills require careful selection, because these gases may contain pollutants and corrosive impurities.

Lubricants for gas engines

Currently, there is no universal harmonized specification for oils for gas engines of passenger cars. Large differences in operating conditions between mobile and stationary engines determine the use of oils with different sets of additives. The main difference between oils is: high-, medium- and low-ash types. The choice of a specific oil is recommended by manufacturers in accordance with the operating conditions of the engine. Gas engine oils typically undergo severe oxidation and nitration, which can accelerate their aging. Passenger cars with gas engines usually run on the same traditional motor oils that are used for gasoline engines: ACEA A3/B4, A5/B5 or C2/C4, as well as API SH/SJ/SL type. Similar to the automotive sector, the stationary sector uses universal (all-season) oils for all operating conditions, guaranteeing reliable lubrication at low ambient temperatures. As the number of passenger cars running on CNG increases, the need to develop special oil formulations for their engines increases. This could mark the beginning of a future unified specification. Special multi-grade oils have already been developed for use in heavy diesel engines used in CNG buses. Such motors are their main area of ​​use. These oils have been tested and approved for use by various engine manufacturers. For example, Mercedes-Benz Sheet 226.9 or MAN M 3271. They have passed bench and real operational tests. Stationary gas engines may have slightly more stringent requirements for engine oil, and this is reflected in their design. While conventional ACEA or API bench tests are sufficient for passenger car engines running on CNG, laboratory testing of motor oils for gas engines is limited to only initial screening tests of the oils. Real development occurs during performance testing, in which engines are sometimes run for years before the oil being tested is given the go-ahead - or fails. If in passenger car engines special attention If you pay attention to sludge formation, wear of valve actuators and low-temperature fluidity, other aspects are especially important in stationary engines. In particular, it is important to control oil aging caused by oxidation and nitration, as well as pre-ignition due to the high content of ash-forming additives in the oil. This problem is more relevant for two-stroke engines that require low-ash oils. Due to long service life, engine oils must protect the engine from valve seat wear and spark plug clogging. These problems sometimes go undetected for many thousands of hours of operation of stationary engines. As for operation with corrosive gases (due to their contamination with sulfur or halogens), special attention should be paid to adequately protect the engine from corrosion. Consequently, oils for stationary gas engines require further improvement and must be selected for a specific engine and operating conditions more carefully than conventional automotive engine oils. Thus, the development and application of gas engines is usually carried out in close cooperation between oil producers and engine manufacturers, who usually clear the oil for use after successful completion of performance tests.

The generally accepted rule when selecting engine oil for a car is to give preference to the properties that are indicated in the car’s operating manual. These are the SAE viscosity classification, API or ACEA performance properties, and the vehicle manufacturer's approval number. At the same time, these tolerances take into account the operation of the engine on gasoline and diesel fuel, but do not take into account the situation if gas cylinder equipment (LPG) is installed on the engine to operate on liquefied gas(LPG, propane-butane mixture). Car manufacturers, even in the case of modifications with a bi-fuel power system - gasoline or gas, recommend motor oil for operation on gasoline, since these engines are designed to operate specifically on this fuel.

If the LPG was installed outside the factory and there are no factory recommendations for choosing oil in the operating manual, then the easiest way is to follow the car manufacturer’s requirements for the serially installed gasoline engine, i.e. The viscosity, specification and change interval for the oil do not change. Although, if possible, you can also take into account the factor of the engine running on gas.

Legends about HBO
There are many legends about the dangers of gas for an internal combustion engine, but they all come from the past, when gas equipment was still primitive and could not be fine-tuned, and the internal combustion engines themselves were designed for other thermal operating conditions. As a result, the most common engine failures were burnouts of pistons and valves. Moreover, in taxi companies, some fans of active drive had to repair Volgov engines almost quarterly.

Decades have passed since then and everything has changed. Many engines have been boosted to cope with the harsher high-speed conditions on the autobahn, so they can easily withstand higher operating temperatures. Also, a number of engines were equipped with hydraulic compensators valve clearances, therefore, there is no need to adjust the thermal clearances of the valves, which in an engine with a conventional timing belt when running on gas must be done twice as often as on gasoline. By the way, many people forgot to do this not only in the past, but also now: in those engines where there are no hydraulic compensators.

Modern, highly accelerated engines with high-precision gas equipment fourth generation run on liquefied gas for much longer.

As for HBO, it has become much more accurate in dosing the fuel supply, which means the likelihood of overheating has decreased. But with all these changes in the design of car engines and the change in generations of gas equipment, some features of the operation of liquefied gas engines still remain.
Thus, the specific heat of combustion of the gas-air mixture is greater and it burns longer, so the temperature in the engine cylinders is higher. Accordingly, this has a negative effect on the engine oil, the tendency to form deposits increases, and oil oxidation accelerates. In addition, even at the present time, there are gas equipment installers who cannot properly install and configure the equipment, as a result of which the fuel supply is disrupted, and therefore increases the likelihood of both over-enrichment of the gas-air mixture and over-depletion. In both cases, the engine overheats. And when high temperature combustion of the gas-air mixture and under the influence of excess oxygen during a lean mixture, intense oxidation of the hydrocarbon compounds of the oil occurs. The resulting resinous substances, soot particles (carbon particles, carbon deposits) and varnishes can lead to loss of mobility piston rings, deterioration of their sealing ability, and in the worst case, to sedimentation, which immediately negatively affects engine power, efficiency, oil consumption due to waste and the environmental friendliness of its operation.

Large temperature overloads, low-quality or inappropriate engine oil, and untimely replacement are factors that can lead, for example, to jamming of hydraulic valve clearance compensators.

In view of these features, when operating a car converted to run on liquefied gas, it is advisable to use oils with increased resistance to thermal destruction and having improved cleaning properties. But are they producing these? It turns out yes!

The use of special motor oils for cars with LPG allows you to neutralize the negative factors that arise during operation gasoline engine on liquefied gas.

Special oils for auto LPG
Oils for engines running on liquefied gas are, for example, in the OPET product range. Car owners are offered three types of motor oil with different basic basis and in different, most popular in Ukraine, viscosity classes. These are fully synthetic oil Fullmax LPG 5W-40 (ACEA A3/B4; API SN), synthetic oil Fullmax LPG 10W-40 (ACEA A3/B4; API SL/CF) and synthetic oil Fulllife LPG 5W-30 ( ACEA A5/B5, A1/B1; API SL/CF; Renault RN 0700). They cover the needs of most foreign cars that have LPG installed.

Opet range of oils for engines running on liquefied gas (LPG).

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For the most popular generations of foreign car engines in Ukraine equipped with gas equipment, OPET Fullmax LPG 5W-40 oil (ACEA A3/B4; API SN) is offered.

For cars with engines over early generations, including carburetor ones, Opet Fullmax LPG 10W-40 oil (ACEA A3/B4; API SL/CF) is produced.

For engines requiring low-viscosity, energy-saving oils, the OPET range includes the product Fulllife LPG 5W-30 (ACEA A5/B5, A1/B1; API SL/CF; Renault RN 0700).

In the formulation of this line of oils, chemist-technologists from the research center of the OPET plant paid the greatest attention to the optimal selection of base oils, antioxidant and detergent-dispersant additives. The detergent-dispersant additives used prevent the formation of deposits in the engine, and already formed deposits and oxidation products are washed off from the engine surfaces and retain them in the form of microscopic particles in the oil volume until the next change.

Oil for engines running on gas is labeled LPG, which stands for Liquified Petroleum Gas.

Thanks to these properties, the mobility of the piston rings in the engine is maintained, and the service life of various mechanisms with very narrow oil channels, for example, hydraulic compensators and hydraulic tensioners, is increased. The use of special oil will significantly extend the life of the engine as a whole.

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