DIY car electronics circuits.  Radio circuits for the car enthusiast. Charging for a car battery from modules with Ali

Those who do radio electronics at home are usually very inquisitive. Amateur radio circuits and homemade products will help you find a new direction in creativity. Perhaps someone will find an original solution to this or that problem. Some homemade products use ready-made devices, connecting them in different ways. For others, you need to completely create the circuit yourself and make the necessary adjustments.

One of the simplest homemade products. More suitable for those who are just starting to craft. If you have an old but working cell phone with a button to turn on the player, you can use it, for example, to make a doorbell for your room. The advantages of such a call:

First you need to make sure that the selected phone is capable of producing a sufficiently loud melody, after which it must be completely disassembled. Basically, the parts are secured with screws or staples, which are carefully folded back. When disassembling, you will need to remember what goes with what, so that you can put everything back together later.

The player's power button is unsoldered on the board, and two short wires are soldered in its place. These wires are then glued to the board so the solder doesn't come off. The phone is going. All that remains is to connect the phone to the call button via a two-wire wire.

Homemade products for cars

Modern cars are equipped with everything you need. However, there are times when it is simply necessary homemade devices. For example, something broke, they gave it to a friend, and the like. That’s when the ability to create electronics with your own hands at home will be very useful.

The first thing you can tamper with without fear of damaging your car is the battery. If in right moment There was no charger for the battery at hand; you can quickly assemble it yourself. To do this you will need:

A transformer from a tube TV is ideal. Therefore, those who are interested in homemade electronics never throw away electrical appliances in the hope that they will be needed someday. Unfortunately, two types of transformers were used: with one and with two coils. To charge a battery at 6 volts, any will do, but for 12 volts only two.

The wrapping paper of such a transformer shows the winding terminals, the voltage for each winding and the operating current. To power the filaments of electronic lamps, a voltage of 6.3 V with a high current is used. The transformer can be remade by removing the extra secondary windings, or you can leave everything as is. In this case, the primary and secondary windings are connected in series. Each primary is rated at 127 V, so combining them produces 220 V. The secondary are connected in series to produce an output of 12.6 V.

Diodes must withstand a current of at least 10 A. Each diode requires a radiator with an area of ​​at least 25 square centimeters. They connect in diode bridge. Any electrical insulating plate is suitable for fastening. A 0.5 A fuse is included in the primary circuit, and a 10 A fuse in the secondary circuit. The device does not tolerate short circuit, so when connecting the battery, do not confuse the polarity.

Simple heaters

During the cold season, it may be necessary to warm up the engine. If the car is parked where it is electric current, this problem can be solved using a heat gun. To make it you will need:

• asbestos pipe;
• nichrome wire;
• fan;
• switch.

The diameter of the asbestos pipe is selected according to the size of the fan that will be used. The performance of the heater will depend on its power. The length of the pipe is everyone's preference. You can assemble a heating element and a fan in it, or just a heater. When choosing the latter option, you will have to think about how to allow air flow to the heating element. This can be done, for example, by placing all components in a sealed housing.

Nichrome wire is also selected according to the fan. The more powerful the latter, the larger diameter nichrome can be used. The wire is twisted into a spiral and placed inside the pipe. For fastening, bolts are used that are inserted into pre-drilled holes in the pipe. The length of the spiral and their number are selected experimentally. It is advisable that the coil does not become red hot when the fan is running.

The choice of fan will determine what voltage needs to be supplied to the heater. When using a 220 V electric fan, you will not need to use an additional power source.

The entire heater is connected to the network via a cord with a plug, but it itself must have its own switch. It can be either just a toggle switch or an automatic machine. The second option is more preferable; it allows you to protect the general network. To do this, the operation current of the machine must be less than the operation current of the room machine. A switch is also needed to quickly turn off the heater in case of problems, for example, if the fan does not work. This heater has its disadvantages:

• harmful to the body from asbestos pipes;
• noise from a running fan;
• smell from dust falling on the heated coil;
• fire hazard.

Some problems can be solved by using another homemade product. Instead of an asbestos pipe, you can use a coffee can. To prevent the spiral from closing on the jar, it is attached to a textolite frame, which is fixed with glue. A cooler is used as a fan. To power it, you will need to collect another electronic device- a small rectifier.

Homemade products bring those who do them not only satisfaction, but also benefits. With their help, you can save energy, for example, by turning off electrical appliances that you forgot to turn off. A time relay can be used for this purpose.

The simplest way to create a time-setting element is to use the charging or discharging time of a capacitor through a resistor. Such a chain is included in the base of the transistor. The circuit will require the following parts:

• high-capacity electrolytic capacitor;
• transistor p-n-p type;
• electromagnetic relay;
• diode;
• variable resistor;
• fixed resistors;
• DC source.

First you need to determine what current will be switched through the relay. If the load is very powerful, you will need to connect it. magnetic starter. The starter coil can be connected via a relay. It is important that the relay contacts can operate freely without sticking. Based on the selected relay, a transistor is selected and it is determined what current and voltage it can operate with. You can focus on KT973A.

The base of the transistor is connected through a limiting resistor to a capacitor, which, in turn, is connected through a bipolar switch. The free contact of the switch is connected through a resistor to the power supply negative. This is necessary to discharge the capacitor. The resistor acts as a current limiter.

The capacitor itself is connected to the positive bus of the power source through a variable resistor with high resistance. By selecting the capacitance of the capacitor and the resistance of the resistor, you can change the delay time interval. The relay coil is shunted by a diode, which turns on in the opposite direction. This circuit uses KD 105 B. It closes the circuit when the relay is de-energized, protecting the transistor from breakdown.

The scheme works as follows. In the initial state, the base of the transistor is disconnected from the capacitor, and the transistor is closed. When the switch is turned on, the base is connected to the discharged capacitor, the transistor opens and supplies voltage to the relay. The relay operates, closes its contacts and supplies voltage to the load.

The capacitor begins to charge through a resistor connected to the positive terminal of the power source. As the capacitor charges, the base voltage begins to rise. At a certain voltage value, the transistor closes, de-energizing the relay. The relay switches off the load. In order for the circuit to work again, you need to discharge the capacitor; to do this, switch the switch.

If you have a low-frequency speaker lying around somewhere, then it wouldn’t be a bad idea to assemble a simple subwoofer amplifier for it using a tda7377

Car radio from a module from aliexpress

Do-it-yourself lithium battery 12 Volt

Many people use the popular lead acid battery 12 V 7.2 Ah. This battery can be found in many devices, from children's electric vehicles to UPSs, or systems to maintain the voltage of critical devices in the event of a power failure. Why is it so popular? Price is its main advantage and, probably, the only one.

connecting a voltmeter with aliexpress

A voltmeter with REM came to me by mail from China. First of all, I checked its operation at home using a computer power supply. And by the way, I’ll tell you something else. some people wrote to me that REM does not work on them, and that the voltmeter works constantly, even when the power supply is turned off. At first I thought so too.

Do-it-yourself booster for starting a car

As winter approaches, a common problem for drivers is that the battery may not always start the car, it is either seized, and the battery itself does not work very well in cold weather.

A good solution would also be to create DIY booster.

If in simple language, this is the same external battery (power bank) as for a phone, only this time for our car.

Charging for a car battery from modules with Ali

With the onset of the cold season, car enthusiasts increasingly have to deal with how to charge their car battery.

In this article, we won’t need much, because we’ll collect charger do it yourself from modules from the well-known site - Aliexpress.

How to connect a consumer with a 12V supply voltage to a 24V network

how to connect a consumer with a 12V supply voltage to a 24V network

(voltage converter 24v-12v)

It is known that in some cars, the on-board network is not 12 Volts, which is most common, but 24 Volt.

And here some difficulties arise, but how to connect the same radar detector or video recorder or another consumer operating on 12 Volts.

To do this, it would be good to assemble a converter for a car that will convert our 24 Volts to 12 Volts. And you can install a cigarette lighter on these 12 Volts, and then turn on our consumers there.

Subwoofer box filler

What filler to choose for the subwoofer housing.

When creating a subwoofer with your own hands, you should also consider what filler to choose for the box, and also take into account such rules as:

1) The material of the box should be as solid as possible. (knock on 8K plywood and then on 20K plywood and you will understand what I mean)

2) The box must be as strong as possible. (joints and connections must be stronger than the material itself)

If you think that homemade crafts are for kids and bored housewives, we will quickly dispel your misconceptions. This section is entirely devoted to making homemade products from car parts and rubber tires. Almost anything can be made from a tire. From garden shoes to a full-fledged children's playground with swings, fairy-tale characters and elements for relaxation. Finally, ever-busy dads will have the opportunity to show their creative talents and create something useful and beautiful in their own personal plot or backyard.

Car tires tend to deteriorate, especially considering the quality of our roads and sudden temperature changes. Instead of sending an old tire to a landfill, it can be slightly transformed and donated new life on the playground, in the garden or vegetable garden.

A selection of original and interesting circuit solutions and improvements for various types car.

Automatic car charger- The circuit turns on the battery for charging when its voltage drops to a certain level and turns it off when it reaches the maximum.
Charger for a car using an integrated circuit LM7815- The basis of the scheme is integrated circuit LM7815 with protection system and analog indicator circuits. A voltmeter and an ammeter added to the circuit as indicators provide monitoring of current and voltage while the battery is charging.
Automatic voltage polarity switch for charger - designed for charging twelve-volt car batteries. Its main feature is that it allows connecting a battery with any polarity.
Automatic charger for car lead-acid batteries
Charger for powerful car batteries- based on the IR2153 chip, this is a self-clocked half-bridge driver, which is quite often used in industrial ballasts for fluorescent lamps

Engine overheat sensor. In order not to wait for the moment when the water in the radiator turns into steam, you can use the design on the DS1821 thermostat
Ice sensor As soon as the air temperature drops to 4 degrees Celsius, the LED mounted on the dashboard of the car will begin to blink; with a further decrease in temperature, the LED blinks with more high frequency. And if the temperature drops to - 1 degree or lower, the LED will light continuously until - 6 degrees, and then the device automatically turns off.
Seat belt sensor If you drive without wearing seat belts, you can be injured in an accident or face a fine. The radio amateur has special developments in his arsenal that signal to the driver that the seat belt is not fastened.
Radiator water level indicator. A device that signals a decrease in water level, which will inevitably lead to overheating of the motor.
Voltage indicator on-board network car Most cars do not have a device from which the driver can judge the voltage of the on-board network. The voltage of the vehicle's on-board network varies widely, depending on the operating mode of the power supply system.
Scheme of pre-sleep driver status indicator As is known, up to 25-30% of transport accidents are caused by drivers falling asleep at the wheel. To assess the psychophysiological state of the driver during driving vehicle telemetric systems have been developed to monitor the blinking frequency of his eyelids, register biopotential, galvanic skin response, and motor activity. All of the above methods have not found wide application in practice due to their complexity, high cost, and the need to fix various sensors on the driver’s skin

Amateur radio selection on the topic of lighting in the car interior, as well as homemade designs from the backlight rear number Before replacing the light bulbs in the instrument panel: LED turn signal, automatic anti-glare flashlight, Low beam diagrams, designs and accessories for headlights, Stop Signal, its purpose and modifications, Delay diagram for turning on and off the light in the car interior, Running lights scheme automatic control on a microcontroller, etc.

Making a neutral sensor. Many car enthusiasts know that a car alarm with auto start for a car with manual transmission It is quite difficult to set the gears, and switching the alarm system to “automatic” mode can result in an unpleasant result. But, to solve these problems, you can make the autostart operation safer by installing a neutral sensor from the reed switch. Let us remind you that for an autostart with a manual transmission, the logical neutral position of the car, arming the car alarm and locking the doors can only be done with the engine running and the handbrake raised. If these conditions are not met, then autostart is not possible.
Anti-theft device simulator simulates engine malfunctions of your car
Remote anti-theft device using infrared rays. Schemes of remote security devices for cars using IR rays, which use information coding, are considered.
Recommendations for installing car alarms What can be done to prevent car theft? Of course, install an anti-theft system. There are currently many different types signaling devices. Many companies and installation stations can offer the car owner a number of ways to protect the car from theft. Good alarm does not guarantee complete safety. A competent, and sometimes non-standard, alarm installation is also required. A qualified installer knows the most common methods used by hijackers and uses this knowledge during installation
Simple starter blocking circuit consists of just one resistor and optocoupler.
Simple bicycle diagram anti-theft system This design for a bicycle will work if you change its position or if you touch it. Anxious beep lasts 30 seconds, and after a few seconds, repeats and so on until the bicycle anti-theft device is turned off.
Wireless car alarm- blocks the car engine using any mobile phone or smartphone

Articles about making tools and devices for servicing and repairing cars and their main components with your own hands: Car battery maintenance; schemes of stroboscopes-tachometers; Car paint thickness gauge; Homemade regrower for cutting tread and other original designs.

We bring to the attention of radio amateurs a circuit of an electronic ground switch that does not have mechanical contacts and is therefore more reliable and durable. Besides, this device Can also be used as an anti-theft.

Parktronic is a special auxiliary device that provides additional convenience, especially for a novice car enthusiast, when parking by calculating the distance to the obstacles closest to the car and signaling the approach to them with sound and visual signs. All parking sensors work like a radar, that is, they emit ultrasonic waves with special ultrasonic sensors and analyze the sound signal reflected from obstacles

It's the 21st century, and car speedometers in most cars are still analog, processing signals coming from a conventional speed sensor. Let's correct this misunderstanding, Nav to help, a simple speedometer circuit on a microcontroller for making it yourself

Of course, this is not a professional device, but its modest capabilities will allow you to identify the degree of alcohol concentration for the driver’s self-control in order to prevent trouble on the road.

I think every car enthusiast will not refuse to have an additional service connector in the car, adapted for USB or miniUSB. Such adapters will help out in many situations, for example, powering PC peripherals, charging mobile phones or smartphones, event video recorders, and anything that is powered by the USB bus.

Motion sensors (MS) can be used not only for their intended purpose to turn on lights or as an element of a security alarm, but also in cars. For example, it will scare away a cat that decided to bask under the soot of your car, thereby saving its life, and saving you from the work of cleaning your engine from the remains of the poor animal. After all, infrared DD will react to any moving biological object that has a “thermal” background.

There are many components in a car that are quite difficult to control when they are switched on and in good working order, but an audible alarm is ideal for these purposes; in addition, it can be used while driving in reverse informs surrounding pedestrians and other drivers about the vehicle moving backwards, which is especially important for large trucks

I suggest for your consideration that you familiarize yourself with a simple diagram of a car window closer. It performs the role of lifting the windows at the moment when the car is placed on burglar alarm. The operation of the window lift device is stopped as a result of an increase in the current flowing in the load at the moment the windows are fully raised.

Automotive electric fuel pump device, principle of operation and repair. As an example, let's consider the design and principle of operation of the submersible electric fuel pump series 0580254 from BOSCH, which is used in all modifications of the K-Jefronic fuel injection system.

Car alarm It is designed to simulate a car horn, and is made using composite transistors and thyristors

Many people have portable receivers and tape recorders with a 9-volt Krona battery. On the road, they can be conveniently powered from a car battery without using up the resource of expensive batteries. It is impossible to connect such radio equipment directly to the battery, since its voltage can vary from 10 to 15 V. In addition, when the engine is running, impulse noise appears in the vehicle’s on-board network

A selection of simple diagrams for car enthusiasts : Sound alarm anti-sleep, ice alarms, Crankcase gas cleaning unit, Device for quickly starting the engine in any frost, Compressometer, Anti-radar, Aerodynamic nozzle for exhaust pipe and other designs

The collection of electrical circuits for cars is a very large selection.

The microcontroller circuits discussed below output to a two-bit digital indicator with a common reading from the fuel sensor of 40l. The structures are powered from the vehicle's on-board network. The native car sensor in the tank.

Probably all drivers have at least once forgotten to turn off the direction indicators after performing a maneuver? Standard clicks from the front panel are not always clearly audible, especially if there is music playing in the cabin, so I suggest adding a simple turn signal signal circuit to your car with your own hands.

The cigarette lighter is one of the few car features that has retained its original design for more than 70 years. As a result of this, both rare cars and the most modern models the same design is used. Of course, in the old days this device was used only for one function, although now in the modern “information world” it performs different functions, for example a connector for charging various digital gadgets or even starting a car.

Amateur radio circuits for turn signals are designed to work only with LEDs in your car's brake lights; if you are still using regular bulbs, you can easily replicate the design of the turn signal. Simple development" Brake lights" - homemade relay time will turn off the latter if they are on for more than 40-60 seconds, and turn signal relay upgrade 495.3747 will allow the introduction of LEDs instead of incandescent lamps into the standard equipment of VAZ or GAZ.

The proposed first option for upgrading the car windshield wiper relay has higher operational reliability and can provide dynamic engine braking. No modifications to the standard electrical equipment circuit are required. Enough simple options Windshield wiper relay upgrades will allow you to avoid the distraction of turning your wipers on and off. In addition, many older cars have a simple windshield wiper motor speed control - two positions "fast and slow" - no major modification is simply necessary. Install a humidity sensor and water drops falling on it will automatically trigger the circuit.

A car monitor with rear view cameras is very important element in your car, because in modern urban realities you need to be a parking master to find a place to park your car. An example of installing a monitor in a car visor is clearly shown, which makes the image optimally positioned for the driver’s eyes.

Nowadays, the issue of accounting and saving energy resources, including fuel for vehicles, is more pressing than ever. Of the wide variety of devices that take into account fuel consumption, the most widely used are devices with a sensor recording element in the form of an impeller. Sensors with a different measurement principle, although they have sufficient accuracy, are difficult to manufacture and have disadvantages. Practice has shown that sensors with an impeller, made with the necessary and sufficient accuracy, can operate for years without requiring maintenance, with a registration error below the tolerance for this type of device

The ignition system is a set of various automotive instruments and devices that generate an electric spark to ignite the air-fuel mixture in the engine cylinders internal combustion when turning the ignition key. On this page you can find various schemes connecting the ignition of VAZ cars. As well as homemade amateur radio versions of the electronic ignition circuit

It has the following advantages: the spark power is increased, the breaker contacts do not burn; no resistor is needed in the ignition coil circuit; when the ignition is on, but the engine is not started, the circuit smoothly without a spark turns off

In the Soviet automobile industry, the RS57 type turn signal interrupter was electromagnetic principle action and was used to provide flashing signal lights, making the turn signal more visible and noticeable to other road users. The turn signal switch is connected in series to the turn signal circuit. As part of the article, we will consider options for replacing this electromagnetic device, to its electronic analogues.

Probably every car enthusiast forgot in the warm season to close the windows in the car, so that this does not happen again, I suggest putting together a circuit designed to automatically close all the windows in the car when the alarm is set. Let's consider several possible options for implementing the design from simple circuits from a relay to an automatic window lift control on a microcontroller.

Every driver of a truck or bus with an on-board voltage of 24 volts has encountered the problem of connecting a 12 volt consumer. This article provides a solution to this problem.

In all modern cars When the engine temperature reaches a critical point, the radiator cooling fan is activated. But there are a lot of negative effects of a sudden start, which over time affects the electrics of the vehicle. This article describes a diagram of the relay replacement option smooth start cooling fan.

Carburetors were installed on cars for many years until they gradually made way for various fuel injection systems. But the automobile age Russian cars long, and still have to deal with vehicles that still have a carburetor. Well, how is he known? normal operation is provided by several devices, the main one being a fuel economizer. This is exactly what we will talk about, and also consider the diagram of the forced economizer system idle speed for VAZ cars

A car starter is a device that allows the engine to start after a turn under any weather conditions. Almost all starters are, at their core, conventional short-term electric motors, but high power. The starting cycle of a typical device consists of three attempts with a 30 second interval between them. Since the car has a single source of electricity (the battery), the engineers chose a DC electric motor for the starters.

Every car owner who was driving budget car knows how long to wait for heat to come from the engine when it warms up winter time year, especially if you live in the northern part of the largest country in the world. It takes about 30 minutes to reach a comfortable temperature, and this happens every morning. Best idea The solution to this problem, in my opinion, is to heat the car interior with a fan heater. An old and faulty toaster helped bring the idea to life computer unit nutrition.

In winter, many Russian drivers begin to experience a time when driving a car requires a preheated engine. A car antifreeze heating circuit helps solve this problem. The first one discussed is quite simple to repeat.

A heated steering wheel, along with heated seats, mirrors, and windows, is not a luxury these days, but an indicator of the level that a person lives in a civilized country. All of the above parameters in a personal car are very convenient, and help the driver to concentrate only on driving the vehicle, and not on his frozen fingers.

This design is designed to generate a sound signal when moving trucks and buses back, while in automatic mode A sound signal begins to generate, warning of danger.

The main advantage of the second battery is that the accumulated energy is consumed through an additional battery, and the first one is in reserve, that is, you don’t have to worry about starting the car after a picnic far from civilization. Many foreign cars already have a second battery under the hood. Their only drawback is the parallel connection of 2 batteries

This amateur radio design is suitable for charging most smartphones and tablets from 5 volts, even when the ignition is turned off. Or it will allow you to power the DVR for 40 minutes, while the car is waiting for its owner in the parking lot. The basis of the circuit is the AVR Tiny13 microcontroller, the firmware is attached to it.