20.11.2023
What is a "field"? Meaning, declension and synonyms of the word. The meaning of the word field in Dahl's dictionary. Success in a new field.
(about 185 meters); travel measure;
Big (great) field- Western European travel measure - a mile, for example, Italian (about 7,395.5 meters), was equal to five simple fields or versts.
There are known mentions in written sources of the 11th century. In the manuscripts of the 15th century there is an entry: “a field of fathoms 7 hundred and 50” (750 fathoms long).
The word is found in the Russian translation of the Bible: “and whoever forces you to go one mile with him, go with him two miles” (Matthew). In this place the Greek word μίλιον is translated by the word “field”, i.e. a mile, a thousand steps.
« Field- Wed (to trample) in general the place, space, space in which one labors or acts; arena, stage, hippodrome, a suitable place for running, racing, lists, games, wrestling, etc. Enter the field. Set up an area for cages, baiting, and fighting animals. The field of battle is the place where it happened.”
In modern Russian the word field in a high style means a type of activity: for example, “to work in such and such a field.”
See also
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Literature
- Romanova G. Ya. Name of measures of length in Russian / Answer. ed. corresponding member USSR Academy of Sciences F. P. Filin; . - M.: Science, 1975. - P. 19-32. - 176 p. - 9800 copies.
- Ivanov A. B. Number and measure. Historical notes about the original Russian measures and money accounts. - M.: Encyclopedia of Villages and Villages, 2001. - 208 p. - 1000 copies. - ISBN 5-89673-018-7.
- Shmigol I. N. Old Russian system of measures / Reviewer: B. A. Permyakov, prof. Moscow State Construction University. - [Smolensk], 2002. - 94 p. - 150 copies.
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Excerpt characterizing the Field
Approaching the forest guardhouse, Denisov stopped, peering into the forest. Through the forest, between the trees, a man in a jacket, bast shoes and a Kazan hat, with a gun over his shoulder and an ax in his belt, walked with long, light steps on long legs, with long, dangling arms. Seeing Denisov, this man hastily threw something into the bush and, taking off his wet hat with its drooping brim, approached the boss. It was Tikhon. His face, pitted with smallpox and wrinkles, with small, narrow eyes, shone with self-satisfied gaiety. He raised his head high and, as if holding back laughter, stared at Denisov.“Well, where did it fall?” Denisov said.
-Where have you been? “I followed the French,” Tikhon answered boldly and hastily in a hoarse but melodious bass.
- Why did you climb during the day? Cattle! Well, didn't you take it?..
“I took it,” said Tikhon.
- Where is he?
“Yes, I took him first at dawn,” Tikhon continued, moving his flat legs turned out wider in his bast shoes, “and took him into the forest.” I see it's not okay. I think, let me go and get another more careful one.
“Look, you scoundrel, that’s how it is,” Denisov said to the esaul. - Why didn’t you do this?
“Why should we lead him,” Tikhon interrupted hastily and angrily, “he’s not fit.” Don't I know which ones you need?
- What a beast!.. Well?..
“I went after someone else,” Tikhon continued, “I crawled into the forest in this manner, and lay down.” – Tikhon suddenly and flexibly lay down on his belly, imagining in their faces how he did it. “One and catch up,” he continued. “I’ll rob him in this manner.” – Tikhon quickly and easily jumped up. “Let’s go, I say, to the colonel.” How loud he will be. And there are four of them here. They rushed at me with skewers. “I hit them with an ax in this manner: why are you, Christ is with you,” Tikhon cried, waving his arms and frowning menacingly, sticking out his chest.
“We saw from the mountain how you asked a line through the puddles,” said the esaul, narrowing his shining eyes.
Petya really wanted to laugh, but he saw that everyone was holding back from laughing. He quickly moved his eyes from Tikhon’s face to the faces of the esaul and Denisov, not understanding what it all meant.
“Don’t even imagine it,” Denisov said, coughing angrily. “Why didn’t he do it?”
Tikhon began to scratch his back with one hand, his head with the other, and suddenly his whole face stretched into a shining, stupid smile, revealing a missing tooth (for which he was nicknamed Shcherbaty). Denisov smiled, and Petya burst into cheerful laughter, which Tikhon himself joined in.
“Yes, it’s completely wrong,” said Tikhon. “The clothes he’s wearing are bad, so where should we take him?” Yes, and a rude man, your honor. Why, he says, I myself am the son of Anaral, I won’t go, he says.
- What a brute! - Denisov said. - I need to ask...
“Yes, I asked him,” said Tikhon. - He says: I don’t know him well. There are many of ours, he says, but they are all bad; only, he says, one name. “If you’re fine,” he says, “you’ll take everyone,” Tikhon concluded, looking cheerfully and decisively into Denisov’s eyes.
The word field penetrated into the Russian literary language from the Old Church Slavonic language. In modern Russian, it denotes a sphere, type of activity, life arena, life path. The stylistic shade of bookish rhetoric is very noticeable in it... History of words
Wed. (to trample) in general the place, space, space in which one labors or acts; arena, stage, hippodrome, a suitable place for running, racing, lists, games, wrestling, etc. Enter the field. Set up an area for cages, baiting, fighting... ... Dictionary Dahl
Poprische is an old Russian travel measure for measuring long distances; from the 11th to the 17th centuries it is replaced by a mile. These words originally referred to the distance traveled from one turn of the plow to another during plowing. Known references in... ... Wikipedia
See arena, career, place to finish an earthly career, to strive in a field... Dictionary of Russian synonyms and expressions similar in meaning. under. ed. N. Abramova, M.: Russian Dictionaries, 1999. field, arena, career, place; area of activity, circle,... ... Dictionary of synonyms
FIELD, field, cf. (book rhetorician). Scope of activity. Military field. Scientific field. “What field will open up for me when he breaks the horn of the family boyars.” Pushkin. “The field is wide there: know, work and don’t be cowardly.” Nekrasov. “He strives... ... Ushakov's Explanatory Dictionary
- (inc.) a type of life, an occupation to which we devote ourselves (a hint of the field, a place that is trampled, in which they trample, in which they act, an arena for racing, wrestling). Wed. The most profitable and easy field is to live at someone else’s expense. ***… … Michelson's Large Explanatory and Phraseological Dictionary (original spelling)
field- FIELD, arch. – 20 versts (author’s note). – From the Unuk camp to the Ket fort there are no less than ten fields (2.17). See Dal 3. 306: field “a travel measure and, probably, a daily journey, about 20 versts” ... Dictionary of the trilogy “The Sovereign's Estate”
field- field, birth pl. fields (wrong fields) ... Dictionary of difficulties of pronunciation and stress in modern Russian language
field- ac., high. 1) Scope of whose l. strengths, abilities, field of activity. Literary field. Scientific field. I sat down in thought near the river, quietly flowing into the distance, and looked at the star cluster in the sky, at this future field... ... Popular dictionary of the Russian language
- (foreign) a type of life, an occupation to which we devote ourselves (a hint of a field, a place that is trampled upon, in which they are trampled, in which they act, an arena for racing, wrestling) Wed. The most profitable and easy field is to live at someone else's expense. *** Aphorisms... Michelson's Large Explanatory and Phraseological Dictionary
Books
- Entering the field of Lent, Archimandrite Kirill (Pavlov), Fasting is one of the most effective means in the fight against temptations. “Our spirit constantly opposes the flesh, they resist each other, therefore, if you want your spirit to be strong,... Publisher: Publishing House of the Moscow Patriarchate, Manufacturer: Publishing House of the Moscow Patriarchate,
- Entering the field of Lent..., Archimandrite Kirill (Pavlov), Fasting is one of the most effective means in the fight against temptations. “Our spirit constantly opposes the flesh, they oppose each other, therefore, if you want your spirit to be strong,... Publisher:
FIELD
FIELD
Word field penetrated into the Russian literary language from the Old Church Slavonic language. In modern Russian, it denotes a sphere, type of activity, life arena, life path. It has a very noticeable stylistic shade of bookish rhetoric and official solemnity. For example, in the expressions: “to work in official field", "end your life field", "work in the field public education"; “a brilliant thing opened before him field"; "to embark on a new field", etc.
Around the words field A not very numerous and diverse, but very stable phraseology has developed. It was mainly formed in the second half of the 19th century. in journalistic styles of the Russian literary language. But the very meaning - "type of activity, life arena" - was established for the word field much earlier, at the end of the 18th century. See, for example, Pushkin in “Boris Godunov”:
[Basmanov:] An important thought was born in his mind,
There is no need to let it cool down. Which
To me field will open when
He will break the horn of the family boyars!
(Moscow. Royal Chambers).
Wed. in Gogol's "Notes of a Madman" the hero's surname is Poprishchin. The germs of this meaning appeared already in the Russian literary language of the 17th - early 18th centuries.
As the morphological composition of the word shows: prefix By-, place suffix =search(e) (cf. game, fireplace, fortification, conflagration, ashes, lists etc.), root element pier-(cf. kick, trample-"to trample"). Originally field was supposed to mean: “a place that is trampled and walked on” (see Preobrazhensky, 2, p. 105). In the language of Old Russian writing, the main meaning of the word field is the Old Slavonic `measure of the path', `stages'; “a measure of a path about 2/3 of a mile long” (Greek. μíλιον ); “a measure of a journey of one and a half miles”; “a measure of a day’s journey” (Sreznevsky, 2, p. 1203-1204). In the meaning of the measure of the path the word field used in liturgical texts, in hagiographic literature, in chronicle style, in the language of travel and historical works. This meaning was also alive in the literary language of the 16th-17th centuries. For example, in the Sofia collection of the 16th-17th centuries: “ Field fathoms 700 and 50; there is one thing field stages 7 and sex. Since we are a land surveyor, we are a priest” (Sreznevsky, 2, p. 1204).
Prof. A.V. Markov, in his study “Everyday Features of Russian Bylinas,” wrote: “If there is something we can dwell on a little, it is the terms that distances are meant in epics. In their measurements we see complete correspondence of epic expressions to the data of written monuments. Both here and there are used to measure large distances field(Cyr. I, 41; Rybn. II, 150; IV, 48; Gilf. 1219, 1296, No. 34, art. 150; No. 104, art. 22; Tych. and Mill. II, 125, 182) and miles, and some are identified with others” (Ethnographic review 1903, No. 3, pp. 77-78). "In three field, but in Russian it would be three typesetting"(Gilf. 1212). In the old ABC book field explained as `verst - imat fathoms 750'; but they considered field and a thousand fathoms (see Buslaev. Russian anthology, p. 141). Field found in the life of Anthony the Roman, in the chronicle of 1259. Apparently, in the 17th century. the measurement of miles has finally supplanted the use of the word field, as a measure of distance, however cf. word definition field as a measure of distance, by comparison with mile -`49-42 miles" in the "Slovenian Lexicon" by Pamva Berynda (see p. 88). From this Old Russian meaning a connotation was separated: "distance in general", "distance of a certain length." For example, in "The Walking of Stefan Novgorodets": "And from here I'm dying through the city far away field great” (Speransky. From ancient Novgorod. literature, p. 59; cf. p. 79).
In close connection with this meaning there was another, this is “a space of a certain length in which the ancient Romans and Greeks labored in running” (see ff. 1822, 4, pp. 1529-1530). In the dictionary of 1847. : “A place of a certain length and width, with a fence for running and standing” (sl. 1867-1868, 3, p. 758). For example: “The ancient Greeks and Romans labored on it.” fields».
In the “Trilingual Lexicon” Fed. Polikarpov included the following relevant words and their explanations: “ Field - στάδιον, stadium Popular - σταδιαĩος stadialis. Field flowing σταδιοδζω , stadium curro. Popular σταδιοδζόυος, σταδιεους , qui stadium currit, qui statio certat, stadiodromus. Sampler σταδιαĩος, stadii mensuram aequans” (2, p. 24).
This meaning - "arena, place of struggle, lists" became the main one in the Russian literary language of the 18th century for the word field and was preserved in the Russian poetic language of the first decades of the 19th century. Wed. in Zhukovsky’s poem “The Glove”:
In front of your menagerie,
With the barons, with the crown prince,
King Francis was seated;
From a high balcony he looked
In the field, expecting a battle...
It was on the basis of this meaning in the high calm of the 18th century. figurative, phraseologically related use arises: field of life. In the “Dictionary of the Russian Academy” this new meaning is interpreted dimly and vaguely: “flow, continuation of time of something. Go, finish the field of life"(word 1822, part 4, p. 1530). In the dictionary of 1847 it receives a more distinct formulation: “A known space or extension of time. Cross the path of life. Field of military action. Field of scientific activity"(sl. 1867-1868, 3, p. 758).
Obviously, it was in the Russian literary language of the 20-40s that the circle of phraseological use of the word began to expand field and in connection with this, the abstract meaning deepens and emerges more precisely - “genus, sphere of activity.” In Dahl’s dictionary we find a broad reflection of new contexts of use of the word field: « Field Wed (to trample) - in general, a place, space, space in which they strive or act, an arena, a stage, a hippodrome, a suitable place for running, horse racing, lists, games, wrestling, etc. Enter the field. Set up a gardening area, bullying, beast fight. Field of battle, `the place where it happened." // Field of life -"The whole earthly life of a person in everyday life." What career did he choose?“What kind of life, or what sciences, craft and business did he devote himself to?” The field of high society life is empty and vulgar. The highest ranks are slippery. The field of art has now become breadless. Among the newest, Humboldt excels in the field of natural sciences. // tsrk. A travel measure, probably a daily journey, about 20 versts” (words by Dahl 1912-1913, 3, p. 796).
The note was not published. The archive preserves a manuscript (on 6 sheets of unequal format, written at different times), entitled “On the history of the meanings of the word field", as well as a typescript with the author's corrections.
Here it is printed from typescript, verified with the manuscript, and with the introduction of a number of necessary clarifications and amendments. - IN. P.
V. V. Vinogradov. History of Words, 2010
Synonyms:See what “FIELD” is in other dictionaries:
Wed. (to trample) in general the place, space, space in which one labors or acts; arena, stage, hippodrome, a suitable place for running, racing, lists, games, wrestling, etc. Enter the field. Set up an area for cages, baiting, fighting... ... Dahl's Explanatory Dictionary
Poprische is an old Russian travel measure for measuring long distances; from the 11th to the 17th centuries it is replaced by a mile. These words originally referred to the distance traveled from one turn of the plow to another during plowing. Known references in... ... Wikipedia
See arena, career, place to finish an earthly career, to strive in a field... Dictionary of Russian synonyms and expressions similar in meaning. under. ed. N. Abramova, M.: Russian Dictionaries, 1999. field, arena, career, place; area of activity, circle,... ... Dictionary of synonyms
FIELD, field, cf. (book rhetorician). Scope of activity. Military field. Scientific field. “What field will open up for me when he breaks the horn of the family boyars.” Pushkin. “The field is wide there: know, work and don’t be cowardly.” Nekrasov. “He strives... ... Ushakov's Explanatory Dictionary
- (inc.) a type of life, an occupation to which we devote ourselves (a hint of the field, a place that is trampled, in which they trample, in which they act, an arena for racing, wrestling). Wed. The most profitable and easy field is to live at someone else’s expense. ***… … Michelson's Large Explanatory and Phraseological Dictionary (original spelling)
field- FIELD, arch. – 20 versts (author’s note). – From the Unuk camp to the Ket fort there are no less than ten fields (2.17). See Dal 3. 306: field “a travel measure and, probably, a daily journey, about 20 versts” ... Dictionary of the trilogy “The Sovereign's Estate”
FIELD, ah, cf. (high). Scope of activity. On the point of science. Ozhegov's explanatory dictionary. S.I. Ozhegov, N.Yu. Shvedova. 1949 1992 … Ozhegov's Explanatory Dictionary
field- field, birth pl. fields (wrong fields) ... Dictionary of difficulties of pronunciation and stress in modern Russian language
field- ac., high. 1) Scope of whose l. strengths, abilities, field of activity. Literary field. Scientific field. I sat down in thought near the river, quietly flowing into the distance, and looked at the star cluster in the sky, at this future field... ... Popular dictionary of the Russian language
- (foreign) a type of life, an occupation to which we devote ourselves (a hint of a field, a place that is trampled upon, in which they are trampled, in which they act, an arena for racing, wrestling) Wed. The most profitable and easy field is to live at someone else's expense. *** Aphorisms... Michelson's Large Explanatory and Phraseological Dictionary
Books
- Entering the field of Lent, Archimandrite Kirill (Pavlov), Fasting is one of the most effective means in the fight against temptations. “Our spirit constantly opposes the flesh, they oppose each other, therefore, if you want your spirit to be strong,... Publisher:
Meaning
T.F. Efremova New dictionary of the Russian language. Explanatory and word-formative
field
n O place
1. WedScope of activity.
2. Wed outdated1) A place for running, wrestling and other competitions.
2) The place where something is done. actions, where smth. is happening.
3. Wed1) The name of some ancient measures of length.
2) Daily transition.
Small Academic Dictionary of the Russian Language
field
A, Wed
1. Outdated
A place for running, wrestling and other competitions.
From a high balcony he looked at the field, expecting a battle. Zhukovsky, Glove.
|| Book
The place where smth. happens, happens.
(Alexey Stepanych) looked through the open seven windows at the rook grove sleeping in the darkness, at the urema darkening in the distance, the field of his childhood amusements and hunts. S. Aksakov, Family chronicle.
For Konstantin Levin, the good thing about the village was that it provided a field for undoubtedly useful work. L. Tolstoy, Anna Karenina.
2. Book
Region, field of activity, occupation.
In the field of education.
It is very difficult for me to remember the very first steps of my work in the revolutionary field. Stasova, Memoirs.
- He who wants to fight will find a field where the struggle is in full swing. Markov, Siberia.
3. Book
The period of human activity, life, as well as the activity itself.
Only then can a person be judged when he has completely finished his career. Belinsky, Letter to G.N. Belinsky, May 21, 1833.
I had to begin my career in life in an incredible wilderness. Kuprin, To glory.
For running, wrestling and other competitions; , .
- Before his menagerie, // With the barons, with the crown prince, // King Francis sat; // From a high balcony he looked // at field, expecting a battle...
- But whoever strikes you on your right cheek, turn the other also to him; and whoever wants to sue you and take your shirt, give him your outer clothing too; and who will force you to go alone with him field, go with him two.
- ru (high)
- May God bless you on your journey field…
- How did positive science reach knowledge of the immediate results? Through experiments and observations. That's true field human activity.
- ru (high)
- Thus, this monastery church also ended its earthly life. field by what became a barn.
- Each of the congregation, knowing how much the well-being of many depends on when the highest authorities honestly fulfill their duties, prays strongly that God will enlighten them and instruct them to honestly fulfill their calling, and give everyone the strength to honestly go through their earthly life. field.
