Which is better, automatic transmission or CVT? What to choose: automatic transmission or CVT. Let's highlight the obvious advantages of an automatic transmission

When choosing a new car, car enthusiasts are faced with the question of which gearbox to choose: classic automatic, CVT or robotic. Each of them has both positive and negative sides. Let's try to figure out what differences they have and where to choose.

The principle of operation of the gearbox (gearbox)

The main purpose of any gear shifting device is to receive, convert, transmit and change the direction of torque. Modern automakers produce vehicles with manual, automatic transmission and automatic in different variations.

IN mechanical switching transmission occurs with the help of humans. In the rest, the process is automated and driver participation is not required. To understand the pros and cons automatic transmission gear shift (automatic), variable speed (CVT) and robotic, we will dwell in detail on the operating principles of each of them.

Classic automatic (torque converter)

An automatic transmission with a torque converter was first released in the 40s last century. Cars began to be equipped with it en masse from the 60s. It represents a whole complex of mechanisms:

a torque converter consisting of turbine and reactor wheels, a centrifugal pump, overrunning and locking clutches;

planetary gearbox, the main parts of which are planetary gearboxes, friction and overrunning clutches, connecting shafts, drums, and brake band.

Briefly, the principle of operation can be described as follows: a torque converter located between the gearbox and the engine changes the transmission of torque. The operation of the torque converter is based on the continuous circulation of fluid, transporting energy from the engine to the transmission. The oil is transferred from the centrifugal pump to the turbine wheel, then to the reactor, where its flow increases and provokes an increase in the speed of the pump wheel.

When the overrunning clutch is engaged, the reactor wheel rotates. Gear shifting between alternately connected planetary gearboxes is carried out using clutches. The operation of these mechanisms is ensured by hydraulic cylinders, the operation of which is controlled by an electronic control unit.

The standard automatic transmission operating modes, which the driver selects using the selector lever, are:

P (Park), P - parking lock; R (Reverse), ZX - reverse; N (Neutral), N - neutral gear; D (Drive), D - forward movement; L (Low), PP (forced reduction) or TX (quiet running).

Advantages of automatic transmission:

smoothness when changing gears; high reliability; comfortable driving; gentle operation of the engine and gearbox.

There are still some disadvantages of the automatic transmission:

high cost; high fuel consumption; high cost of repairs; more time is required for acceleration; short service life; impossibility of launching “from the pusher”.

Today, the classic automatic transmission has been significantly improved - there are models that are distinguished by good reactivity, have winter, sports, economical operating modes, and up to 8 gears.

Variable speed drive

CVT gearbox is a variation of “automation”. However, its design and operating principle differ significantly from the classic automatic transmission. This is a continuously variable transmission, which includes:

the variator itself; the unit that disconnects the engine from the variator; control system; reverse mechanism.

CVT gearbox can be of two types:

V-belt;

toroidal

The operating principle is based on the fact that two sliding pulleys (driver and driven), connected by a metal belt, automatically change their diameter, thereby changing the gear ratio. The variator is started using the selector lever. Transmission modes are identical to automatic transmissions.

Positive aspects of the variator over other gearboxes:

efficiency when using engine power; high fuel economy; comfortable operation and movement; smooth running of the car; smooth acceleration and rapid acceleration; low load on the engine; environmental friendliness; high efficiency.

If you still decide to give preference to the CVT, then it is worth considering its disadvantages:

complexity of design and repair, purchasing spare parts; small number of services capable of carrying out repairs; rapid wear when driving on bad roads and off-road; specific noise during operation; short service life; not installed on powerful cars.

Important! Experienced car mechanics and car enthusiasts advise against purchasing a car with a CVT that has already been used. If the purchase has already been made, then it is necessary to make it on time complete replacement oil, speed and fuel level sensors.

Robotic gearbox

The robotic gearbox combines elements of “mechanics” and “automation”. In essence, it is a manual gearbox with an electronic control unit that turns the clutch off and on and shifts gears.

When controlling a robotic gearbox, the driver, as in an automatic transmission, simply moves the selector to the required mode, and the gear shift is performed by the electronic unit. Also, car manufacturers have retained the ability to switch to manual mode.

The “robot” has modes: neutral gear (N), reverse ®, forward movement (A/M or E/M), gear shift (+/-).

Advantages of CP:

low price (usually budget cars are equipped with “robots”); economical fuel consumption; ability to switch to manual control mode.

The disadvantages of this type of CP are:

the presence of pauses, jerks and jolts when changing gears; retardation; inability to tow.

It is worth noting that manufacturers are trying to steadily improve transmissions. Thus, today the most modern version of the second generation robotic gearbox is a preselective transmission with two clutches. Its components are 2 shafts for even and odd gears. Each shaft is connected to the engine by a separate clutch.

The advantages of preselective transmission have already been appreciated:

possibility of rapid acceleration; economical consumption of oil and fuel; the highest possible efficiency among automatic systems today.

We also shouldn’t approach shortcomings condescendingly. These include:

high cost; expensive renovation work and oil change; jerks and dips in car dynamics.

What is the difference between a variator and an “automatic” and a “robot”

When buying a car, even an experienced motorist will not always be able to figure out which gearbox is installed in it. Here are tips on how to distinguish automatic transmission, CVT and “robot” visually.

It is impossible to find the differences between an automatic and a CVT transmission when getting into the car. Both look identical: one control lever, the same mode designation.

There are 4 main signs by which you can determine the type of gearbox:

Number of modes. CVTs may contain a smaller number of modes - usually 4: “P”, “N”, “D”, “R”. Modern “automatic machines” also have additional ones. Indication of the gearbox type next to the vehicle make.

To figure out what kind of gearbox is installed in the car, you should inspect it from the outside from the rear. Most manufacturers also indicate the type of transmission - "AT" or "CVT" - near the brand and model designation. The difference in the “behavior” of the vehicle while driving. A car with an automatic transmission will experience jerks and jolts. Vehicles with a CVT will not have them. In addition, the latter will have audible clicks in the box. Different “behavior” of the car when climbing a hill. If you brake and release the gas pedal when driving downhill, a car with an automatic transmission will move smoothly forward without rolling back. A car with a CVT will roll back and will not move forward at idle speed.

If it is not possible to use the above methods, for information about the type of transmission, you should contact:

to a conscientious seller, to an experienced car mechanic, to the accompanying documentation of the car.

Video: differences between CVT, automatic and robot

It’s easier to distinguish a variator from a “robot” - just look at appearance gearboxes in the cabin and mode designations. In the variator, the main mode of forward movement is D, in the “robot” - A / M or E / M (although in the preselective transmission there is no such difference).

Care Tips

In order for the automatic transmission to last as long as possible, you should strictly adhere to certain operating rules:

When stopping on a descent or ascent, you need to use parking brake. Switch to modes P, R after stopping the machine. Immediately contact a car service center if there are jerks and jerks during gear shifting, as well as a burning smell, noise or hum in the gearbox area.

Important! If a car with an automatic transmission breaks down, it must be towed in neutral gear with the engine running. Transportation by tow over a distance of more than 80 km at a speed of over 30 km/h. not recommended due to the risk of damage to components and parts of the box itself.

To extend the life of the CVT transmission, you should:

Constantly monitor the oil level and change it after every 30 thousand kilometers. Use only high-quality oil from well-established manufacturers and strictly suitable for the car. In the cold season, do not overload the transmission when starting to drive. Periodically check the condition of connectors and wiring. Provide repairs and diagnostics of the variator only to car service specialists. There is no point in entering the checkpoint on your own.

Only tow with the engine running over short distances. Try to avoid sudden acceleration and braking, or transmission shocks. Do not drive off-road either country roads. Do not tow other vehicles. Monitor the condition of the speed sensor.

A robotic gearbox will last longer if you adhere to the following operating rules:

Avoid slipping during the cold season. Keep the car idle by turning on “E” mode. If the road surface is bad, start without accelerating from 2nd gear. When stopping for a short time, switch to mode “A”. Carry out diagnostics several times a year.

Which option is better and why

It is hardly possible to unequivocally answer the question of which gearbox is better, because each motorist will choose it in accordance with his own goals and preferences. Cars with automatic transmission are still popular among motorists. Improved CVTs are also not losing ground. Simple “robots” are becoming a thing of the past. They are being replaced by more modern transmissions (for example, preselective).

Did you know? The fastest production passenger car today is the Bugatti Veyron Super Sport. In 2017, it set a speed record of 457.4 km/h.

In general, to summarize, among the options we have considered, the most optimal solution for today is the classic “automation”. This is explained by the following reasons:

reliability; availability of repairs and replacement of spare parts; the ability to drive on any road.

Cars with CVT gearboxes are suitable for those who love a smooth ride. "Robots" - for those who prefer small cars, loves a quiet ride, travels on city roads and highways, and prioritizes efficiency. Fans of active driving, speed and maneuvers should take a closer look at the preselective transmission.

Automatic gearbox comes in three types: robotic gearbox, classic automatic and variator. When purchasing a car, you should know about the advantages and disadvantages of each type. Robotic ones are still rare, so let’s look at the two remaining types. What is better - automatic or variator, which gearbox should you prefer? Let's figure it out.

What is an automatic transmission in a car?

An automatic gearbox (automatic transmission) was invented to make life easier for the driver. He has two pedals at his disposal - “gas” and “brake”, as well as a selector handle, by switching which the car owner selects the automatic transmission operating mode. The automatic transmission independently changes gears and ensures movement.

Automatic transmission design

The standard automatic transmission is a torque converter. It was invented at the beginning of the last century. A modern classic slot machine consists of

What is a variator

The second most popular gearbox is a CVT gearbox. The modern name of the variator is CVT (Continuously Variable Transmission), with in English translates as “continuously variable torque transmission.” Leonardo da Vinci invented the principle of continuously variable torque transmission. The first simple variator was used in mills, and later used in the construction of machines for processing metal and wood.

CVT began to be installed on cars in the middle of the last century. Hubert van Doorn, an engineer originally from Holland, came up with this idea. The first automobile continuously variable transmission was called Variomatic and was installed on DAF cars in the 50s of the 19th century.

Mechanism design

Structurally, a continuously variable gearbox consists of two cones that move relative to each other and are directed towards each other. They are connected by a belt or chain. As the cones move, the gear ratio changes. Modern CVTs are more complex, but the principle of operation is exactly the same.

In the photo there is a Toyota Rav 4 variator

Which is better: “automatic” or “variator”

Due to different design features The behavior of a car with an automatic transmission and a CVT is different. A car with a CVT does not have a “failure” in traction during acceleration. Speed ​​and power increases or decreases gradually.

An automatic transmission spends some time switching gears, so there are periods when torque is not transmitted to the wheels, so when accelerating, a car with an automatic transmission “twitches.” Engineers are constantly trying to reduce the switching time between stages. In modern automatic machines, it is almost impossible to notice the loss of traction. The twitching only appears during aggressive, high-speed driving.

A little about savings and reliability

Which one is more profitable and reliable? Let's compare some basic indicators:

1. Fuel consumption: a car with an automatic transmission is 10–15% more thirsty.
2. The CVT design is lighter and takes up less space in the car body. Because of this, the interior of such a car can be more spacious and comfortable.
3. Transmission fluid: the CVT requires more frequent replacement oil, and the cost of CVT fluid is higher.
4. Repair: an automatic transmission is cheaper to operate and repair. Structurally, the variator is much more complex, so its repair can significantly hit the car owner’s pocket.
5. Reliability: the variator does not withstand heavy loads, it is more “delicate”. Its belt drive will quickly fail when towing, off-road driving, or sports driving. “Automatic” is more reliable when used in difficult conditions.

How to choose on popular car models

Despite the obvious advantages and disadvantages of both options, you need to choose the right one taking into account the brand. Each car has its own problems and weak spots, so I have covered the most popular selection questions below.

CVT for Nissan Qashqai

Since 2014, Nissan Qashqai began to be equipped with CVT

Since 2014, this model has been equipped with CVTs from Japanese manufacturer Jatco (Jatko). The stated warranty period is 120 thousand km. According to owner reviews, the actual service life is from 130 to 200 thousand km.

The variator on the Nissan Qashqai is not able to withstand heavy loads. Therefore, such a car should not be used to tow, pull a trailer, or even drive off-road. The service life of the variator is reduced by 1.5–2 times. This is a regular city car, not an SUV.

When operating a Nissan Qashqai with a CVT, you should not forget to replace the transmission fluid and the filter element inside every 60–70 thousand km, and the external cartridge should be changed every 30–40 thousand.

Most frequent breakdown Nissan CVT transmission - failure of the microswitch - “limit switch” on the handle, as a result, it is impossible to switch from the “Parking” position.

Repair is inexpensive and replacement is quick.

CVT in Subaru XV

Subaru XV was restyled

The Lineartronic CVT allows you to effectively use the traction capabilities of the power unit and save fuel. It provides a smooth ride and high riding comfort. Lineartronic is highly sensitive and responds cheerfully to changes in the position of the accelerator pedal and engine speed. Another advantage is its compactness: as a result, there is more space in the cabin.

The CVT in the Subaru XV is a reliable unit, and it is difficult to find negative reviews from owners about its operation. One of the problems that you should pay attention to is unstable engine operation during sudden braking. If the car stalls when you sharply press the brake pedal, then it is necessary to replace the transmission fluid in the variator as quickly as possible.

If not done in a timely manner, repairing the box will cost much more!

According to the manufacturer, when operating a vehicle in difficult conditions, the gearbox oil should be changed every 30–40 thousand km. Conditions on our roads can easily be classified as difficult, so to extend the life of the variator and the car as a whole, follow the manufacturer’s recommendations.

Renault Captur: automatic or CVT, which is better?

One of popular colors Renault Captur in 2018 - orange "Arizona"

The French car manufacturer offers its fans configurations with manual, automatic and CVT. The automatic transmission is 2-liter, CVTs are installed on the Renault Captur 1.6 liter. Four-wheel drive Comes only with manual or automatic.

The variator is produced by Jatco; unification was carried out for Renault. Engineers have introduced personal settings into the operating algorithm of the continuously variable transmission.

The automatic transmission is installed in the penultimate generation, a new version the unit simply won’t fit into the body, and the cost of the new generation automatic transmission is high.

The manufacturer wants their car to be more affordable in terms of price, so do not rush to install a new automatic transmission. If you make a choice: automatic or CVT, then the main criteria may be the cost of maintenance, efficiency and operating conditions. For quiet city driving, a CVT is suitable, for lovers of sports driving and off-road driving. the best solution

Will it be manual or automatic?

How to choose a gearbox for Toyota Rav 4

Toyota RAV4 lovers living in the metropolis prefer automatic transmissions. They are more reliable and cheaper to repair, but have several disadvantages: fuel consumption is 10–15% higher, configurations with automatic transmission are more expensive, and cars with it are less dynamic.

The variator in the Toyota Rav 4 maintains optimal engine speed, which saves fuel and allows for stable dynamics during acceleration. The movement of the car is smooth and comfortable. The service life of the continuously variable transmission, as stated by the manufacturer, is up to 100 thousand km. The automatic will last up to 150 thousand km without problems.

When choosing between a CVT and an automatic, you should decide what is more important for the owner: efficiency or reliability. The second most important criterion is driving style. For quiet movement around the city, a CVT is more suitable.

Useful video about gearbox types

Summing up

Automatic transmissions, including CVTs, make the life of a car enthusiast much easier. Control vehicle does not cause any particular difficulties. The automatic transmission and CVT help keep the car under control in any conditions. Each option has its pros and cons.

comparison table

So, if you plan to drive only on city roads and not drag a trailer behind your car, then a car with a CVT will be optimal for you. At correct operation, replacing the fluid in the box and the filter on time = it will last a long time. For lovers of sports driving more suitable options: automatic or manual.

Leave your impressions of driving cars with different types gearboxes. This will be useful to other readers and will help them decide on the type of gearbox.

An automatic transmission can be represented by a classic automatic transmission or a CVT. When purchasing a car, a car enthusiast thinks about which gearbox to choose; Which is better: CVT or automatic transmission. When choosing between a CVT and an automatic, you need to know how they differ, take into account their pros and cons, and also understand which device is more reliable.

CVT gearbox

Like any other gearbox, a variator is a device that converts the torque coming from the engine to the wheels. Torque transmission is carried out steplessly within a certain control range. Quite often, a CVT is denoted by the abbreviation “CVT” (Continuously Variable Transmission), which translated from English means “transmission with continuously varying torque.”

CVT types

Depending on the device, the following main types of variators are distinguished:

• chain;
• V-belt;
• toroidal.

The most widespread is the V-belt.

The CVT V-belt variator consists of a V-belt located between two sliding pulleys. As the car moves, the pulleys either compress or unclench, providing a change gear ratio. The main goal of a CVT transmission is to provide a smooth, stepless change in torque. This is true for cars, scooters, snowmobiles and other equipment.

In a CVT, power is transmitted by the beveled ends of the chain link axles, and the pulling force is transmitted by the chain.
In toroidal variators, cone-shaped disks are used instead of pulleys, and rollers are used instead of a belt. They are capable of transmitting more torque. To manufacture parts for this type of CVT, high-strength steel is required, which ultimately affects its cost.

Advantages and disadvantages of CVT

The main advantage of a CVT transmission is the ability to provide a continuous change in torque. This allows you to achieve best performance fuel consumption and vehicle dynamics.

The disadvantages of the variator include:

1. It is impossible to install it in cars with a powerful engine.
2. Maximum loads, towing or systematic driving high speed will lead to rapid wear of the variator belt, and, accordingly, to breakdown of the CVT.

Automatic transmission

The automatic transmission is controlled by a shift selector located on the central tunnel or on the steering column (in American cars). Moving the selector to a specific position allows you to select desired mode movements. Additionally, you can choose special ones: winter, sports, economical. The difference in fuel consumption between normal, sport and economy modes is obvious.

Consists of a planetary gearbox, control system and torque converter. The machine can be used in passenger cars and trucks, as well as buses.

It consists of pump and turbine wheels with a reactor located between them. The pump wheel is connected to the engine crankshaft, the turbine wheel is connected to the gearbox shaft. The reactor, depending on the operating mode, rotates freely or is blocked using.
Transmission to the gearbox occurs through a flow of liquid (oil) ejected by the pump wheel blades onto the turbine blades. The gaps between the pump wheel and the turbine are minimal, and their blades have a specific shape that forms a continuous circle of oil circulation. Thus, there is no rigid connection between the engine and transmission, which contributes to the smooth transmission of traction force.

Converts the rotation speed and transmitted torque within a limited range, so a multi-stage planetary gearbox is attached to it. It also provides reverse movement.

Gear shifting occurs under oil pressure using. The pressure between the clutches in accordance with the algorithm of the box operation is distributed using the system solenoid valves(solenoids) under the control of the control unit.

The disadvantages of an automatic transmission are its high cost, as well as increased consumption fuel.

Comparative characteristics of two types of gearboxes

Which device is better: CVT or automatic? Let's carry out comparative characteristics, allowing you to identify differences and determine which of the boxes is better and more reliable.

The difference between a CVT and an automatic from an economic point of view

Which gearbox is better in terms of operating costs: CVT or automatic? Let's compare some indicators.

1. Transmission fluid. CVT oil changes occur more frequently and are more expensive.
2. Fuel consumption. Fuel in a car equipped with a CVT is consumed more economically.
3. Repair. Maintenance and repairing the variator is much more expensive more expensive to operate machine. CVT is a rather complex and “sensitive” mechanism.

Although servicing a CVT is more expensive, the gearbox itself is cheaper than an automatic. And when correct use boxes, it can last a long time without repair.

Which device is better in terms of reliability?

In order to determine the degree of reliability of devices, we will set a number of severe conditions:

• possibility of towing;
• off-road;
• high speeds;
• sporty riding.

The CVT cannot cope with difficult conditions. His belt won't bear the load. An automatic machine will do a better job here. The element of CVT is smooth movement without sudden acceleration.

How to determine which device is installed in the car

1. It is necessary to study the technical documentation of the machine. The designation of the variator is CVT, the automatic is AT.
2. Take a test drive. If a CVT is installed, you will not feel the gear changes. You can “listen” to the machine and monitor its operation using the tachometer. CVT works in one key, measuredly. However, it is possible to have a special mode that simulates gear changes and allows the driver to feel them shifting.

Summarize

Today, automatic transmissions are much more common than CVTs. But the latter has big potential. Automatic transmissions are more reliably used in cars with high power and capable of towing trailers. From the point of view of economy, a variator looks preferable.

CVT or automatic? The choice is yours. And it will depend on the characteristics of the devices that are your priority. Love the smooth city ride in a small passenger car? Your choice is CVT. If you prefer sporty driving or often use a trailer, then an automatic is better for you.

We are all familiar with the good old manual transmissions, which many of us still successfully use in our cars. With the advent automatic transmissions The drivers were divided into two “camps”, those who believed and switched to automatic transmission and those who remained faithful to the good old “mechanics”.

However, progress does not stand still, and within a few years automatic transmissions began to displace new generation transmissions, the so-called continuously variable transmissions or, more simply put, CVTs. Already confused car owners began to rack their brains even more when buying a new car, and according to statistics from the largest search engine on the “Runet”, about 5,000 people search for the question per month. Given the relevance of the issue, I decided to look into this issue a little and help those who are confused or don’t know What's the difference between a CVT and an automatic?

A variator, variator, CVT (continuously variable transmission) is a continuously variable transmission or, more simply put, a device that smoothly transmits torque from the engine to the wheels. The variator is located between the power unit and the wheels; its feature is the ability to smoothly and quickly change the rotation speed of the drive driven disk. CVTs are very popular in the motorcycle industry, and may be a revelation to many, but most scooters, ATVs and jet skis almost always have a CVT transmission. Contrary to the general misconception that a variator is the “know-how” of the 21st century, I will say that this device is by no means new! Already in the middle of the last century, continuously variable transmissions were installed on cars and attempts were made to replace their standard mechanical counterparts, but history decided differently and the variator achieved real success and popularity only a few years ago.

If we talk about the advantages variator, then one cannot help but note the smoother acceleration compared to automatic transmission. Accelerating a car with a CVT transmission is reminiscent of picking up speed on an electric train or trolleybus, but perhaps this is not the most best comparison, but personally I had exactly the same sensations :) What is typical is that the acceleration is rapid and without jerks or dips, all that changes is the noise level under the hood, the more the variator accelerates, the more noise it makes. If, for example, two cars start from a standstill, one will have an automatic transmission under the hood, and the other will have a CVT, then most likely car with CVT will take the lead already at the start, because he will not need to waste time changing gears, without which an automatic or manual transmission simply will not be able to develop speed.

"Slot machines" are well suited for beginners; only CVTs can be better for beginners. They are less demanding on the skills of the one who is sitting behind the wheel and will forgive even the stupidest mistakes of their owner. At a traffic light, the CVT will not stall, and on an uphill you do not need to be afraid that the car will roll back and will ruin someone’s brand new Lexus; when starting, phrases like “You didn’t pass…” or “You don’t know how to start!” are not relevant at all. You will always move smoothly and gently, like a real pro with many years of experience. Having only two pedals. , makes the risk of “confusing the pedals” minimal, although the same can be said about cars with automatic transmissions.

Many opponents of the CVT believe that one of the significant disadvantages of this transmission is the “buzzing”, which is constantly present regardless of the speed of movement. “Gourmets,” those who value not only the appearance of a car, but also the sound of the engine and exhaust, complain about cars with CVTs, accusing them of being unnatural and lacking “character.” CVT cars, as a rule, do not have a pronounced “roar”; they work quietly and calmly, almost like golf carts :) Therefore, if this point is important to you, I recommend paying attention to cars with automatic transmission, and even better with a manual transmission, which have several hundred horses under the hood and an expensive exhaust system installed that can “growl” if necessary. Personally, after the first test drive in a car with a CVT, I had the feeling that the engine was not working and the car was simply being towed by someone quickly. Here, as they say, “it’s not for everybody”, if you don’t like quiet and calm ride A variator will not suit you, it is better to pay attention to a charged “mechanics”.

Such feature of CVT transmission is explained by the design features of this box. The fact is that the “smart” electronics are configured in such a way as to prevent the engine from roaring and not allow it to work at its peak with maximum speed. Electronics understands your desire to accelerate and optimizes the operation of the engine and transmission in a timely manner, so when you press on the gas pedal, you will accelerate, rather than sitting in one gear and emitting a wild roar. For those who cannot imagine their life without “mechanics”, CVTs have a “tiptronic” function, which creates the effect of shifting gears like on a manual transmission. Fans of power and high speeds will love the “kick-down” function, in which a sharp press of the gas pedal will lead to furious acceleration.

Let's sum it up...

A car with a CVT has a lot of advantages that automatic and manual transmissions lack, namely:

1. Fast acceleration.
2. Gentle operating mode, which can increase the service life of the engine, as well as other components and assemblies.
3. CVTs are more environmentally friendly. The level of harmful CO2 emission contained in the vehicle exhaust.
4. Low noise level, almost two times quieter compared to cars with conventional boxes installed.

Among the disadvantages of this seemingly flawless device are:

1. High cost of repairs, and There is an acute shortage of “specialists” ready to carry out such repairs.
2. CVT transmissions are most often installed on small cars with weak engines.
3. Servicing a CVT is much more expensive compared to an automatic transmission; a manual transmission is out of the question. It is poured into the variator special liquid, which is more expensive than regular “box oil” and requires regular level monitoring. In addition, the fluid or oil for the variator must be of a strictly specified type and brand, so there is a possibility that if necessary, you will have to look for a long time to replace it.
4. There are contraindications for towing cars with a CVT, as well as for towing another car or vehicle with a CVT.
5. The variator is dependent on other systems and sensors, for example: speed sensor, pressure sensor, ABS sensor etc. If any of the above fails, you may have problems that will lead to a number of breakdowns and malfunctions.

Most automotive experts do not hide that the future lies with “robots” and “variators”, since automakers regularly work on them, constantly improving and modifying them. The CVT can be called the successor and heir of all “automatic machines”. As for “mechanics”, in my opinion it will always be there, because powerful supercars and automatic transmissions are not entirely compatible. And besides, automatic transmissions or CVTs have not taken root in sports and never will.

In conclusion, a few practical advice for owners of cars with a CVT transmission. To avoid repairs to the stepless gearbox, you must follow simple operating rules:

1. Avoid overloading and do not load the machine beyond the permissible limit.
2. Regularly monitor the level and condition of the oil in the variator.
3. Don’t start from a standstill, this is not a gearbox with which such tricks go unnoticed; if you want to “show off” and “blow the tires” - buy yourself a sports car.
4. Monitor the condition and performance of the sensors.
5. If you notice any strange sounds or things happening with the variator, without unnecessary delay, contact a service center or service station with a qualified specialist, and not with some familiar “Uncle Vasya”. And I certainly don’t recommend repairing the variator yourself; I give you 99% that you won’t be able to fix it; moreover, you will most likely worsen the damage.

That's all for me! Your suggestions and thoughts on the topic, What better variator or automatic you can put it in the form of comments. I will be glad to see your additions and sensible comments. Thank you for your attention.

Should you choose a manual transmission or an automatic one? And if automatic, then a regular automatic, a “robot”, or a CVT? Such questions are very popular among car enthusiasts when choosing a new or used car. The Internet is filled with the topic of gearboxes, and how useful information, and information “junk”. Only a professional in the subject can distinguish useful things from junk. This is the disadvantage of the Internet. Therefore, I decided to write a few lines about all these mechanics, automatic machines, robots and CVTs, without diving into the nuts and bolts, so that any reader, regardless of the level of technical literacy, can understand what we are talking about and what he, PERSONALLY , will be better.

Manual Transmission

Let's start with the "mechanics". In the case of a manual transmission, under the hood we have an engine, a “black box” of the box, with all its shafts, gears, synchronizers and engaging clutches. And between the engine and the gearbox there is a clutch assembly. The clutch pedal was pressed and the engine and gearbox were completely separated. As long as you keep the clutch pedal depressed, the powertrain and transmission are not connected in any way and you can engage any gear based on driving conditions. This is the main advantage of “mechanics”, especially for an “advanced” driver who knows and can apply the techniques active control by car. For example, in the case of a front-wheel drive car, “rest” the engine against the wheels of the front axle before maneuvering. And in case rear wheel drive, “screw” the car into a turn, switch to a steeper trajectory. But as often happens, disadvantages are a continuation of advantages. Actively “driving,” of course, is pleasant, but wielding the clutch pedal and shift lever in endless traffic jams in big cities is not the most pleasant experience. This is the minus.

Hydromechanical automatic transmission, or “regular automatic”

In order not to control the gearbox “hand-to-hand”, and not to strain your arms and legs too much in dense city traffic, an automatic transmission was invented. First, a hydromechanical automatic transmission (automatic transmission) appeared. In order to understand how it works, you need... a fan (regular, household) and some kind of children's toy with a propeller similar to a fan. Turn on the fan and bring this toy to it. What will happen? The propeller on the toy will also spin! Now imagine that the propeller is driven not by an electric fan motor, but by a car engine. And the second screw is located on the shaft, which goes into the “black box” with gears, couplings, and everything else. Both of these screws are enclosed in a sealed housing filled with a special transmission fluid, which is called a torque converter.

What are these passions for? And in order to move off smoothly, change gears as smoothly as possible without any clutch “from the driver’s foot,” as in a “mechanics” between the engine and the “black box” with gears. After all, in order to get going, you need to smoothly connect the motor and the “black box” of the box. This is what the torque converter does, without losing any effort from the engine. And liquid is needed in order to transmit rotational motion through it. Otherwise he won’t be able to cope with the air. The air density is low to transfer energy at such rotational speeds. As for gear changes, they are performed at the command of the control unit, automatically, depending on driving conditions. Previously, these blocks were hydraulic, now they are electronic.

In general, everything seems to be good in the hydromechanical automatic transmission. It drives itself, it switches itself. The driver can only press the gas and brake pedals and click the automatic selector between “Parking”, “Drive” and “Back”. Moreover, this thing works quite reliably. If you don’t pretend to be Schumacher with an automatic transmission, and follow the Maintenance Regulations, then it won’t break down.

But there are disadvantages. The main ones are the noticeable moments of automatic automatic transmission range switching in a “black box” with gears, and higher fuel consumption compared to “mechanics” at the same power units. The need for greater comfort, rising fuel prices and environmental concerns stimulated engineers to think again about automation.

"Variable speed drive". CVT automatic transmission

To understand what the engineers came up with, imagine... a bicycle. Pedals, two sprockets, and between them - a chain. On rear wheel slightly more advanced models have several sprockets so that you can change gears. I switched to a large sprocket - it’s easier to pedal and you can go up a steep hill, but you have to pedal more often. At the same time, the speed of the bike drops, but this is the price for high traction. And if you ride on flat terrain, or from a mountain, then you turn on a smaller sprocket at the back - you pedal less often, and the speed of the bike increases. Now imagine that your bicycle has a belt drive instead of a chain drive. That is, instead of a chain there is a belt, instead of sprockets there are pulleys, only instead of a bunch of sprockets on the rear wheel there is ONE pulley, but its diameter can... change smoothly.

Introduced? Here, in front of you, is a CVT automatic transmission! One pulley is of a constant size, the second is variable and its diameter changes at the command of the control unit, adapting to the driving conditions. And between them is a very strong “belt”, which is either a multi-link chain or a composite one made of metal plates. A smooth change in the diameter of one of these pulleys leads to the fact that the automatic transmission switching moments are not felt at all. After all, they simply don’t exist, these moments of switching. J This CVT is an amazingly comfortable thing to work with! But it was not without its shortcomings, both significant and minor.

CVTs are not cheap. They also categorically do not like slipping. Due to the fact that the same torque converter has to be installed between the “black box” with pulleys and the belt (you need to get moving!), and also because of the mechanical friction in the “black box”, energy losses are quite large, fuel consumption, in comparison with a “regular” automatic transmission, a little less. And maybe more. And you also have to “conjure” the engine programs so that it doesn’t hum like a trolleybus at constant speeds when accelerating. After all, there is no stepped gear shift. Therefore, engineers again had scope for research.

"Robots". Robotic gearboxes

To overcome the shortcomings of hydromechanical and CVT automatic transmissions, several design schools turned their attention to... a conventional manual transmission. What if you replace the foot-operated clutch with an electric drive, the gear shift lever and the linkages to the “black box” with gears with electric actuators, and control the clutch and shifts using electronic unit, based on traffic conditions? Of course, only a fairy tale tells itself easily and quickly. The engineers had to tinker hard over the control programs for this unit and the reliability of the electric drive, but automated manual transmissions, which journalists dubbed “robotic” or “robots”, went into mass production for small class cars. They represent precisely the classic “mechanics”, in which the clutch and gear shifts are controlled by an electronic unit.

The main advantage of most “robots” is their high fuel efficiency, which is what they were created for in the first place. After all, a computer with a perfect control program never makes mistakes, never gets angry, never gets depressed and never gets tired, unlike drivers with different experience, skills and resistance to physical and mental stress. Therefore, a car with a “robot” consumes less fuel than the same car with any other gearbox, including a manual transmission. And such a “robot” is also cheaper than any other automatic transmission when ordering a new car. Like this.

But even here it is not without its drawbacks. No matter how hard the engineers tried to optimize the switching moments, the “peck” of the car’s nose during violent acceleration is very noticeable. Such “robots” are for economical and quiet driving, and not for “Schumacher”. They also don’t like slippage in clutch units. The engineers had to work harder again.

"Robots" classDSGfrom Volkswagen

Imagine a car with a six-speed transmission manual transmission transmission Introduced? Only this box is not quite ordinary. More precisely, it is not at all ordinary. It seems to consist of TWO units, with 1st, 3rd and 5th gears connected to the engine through one clutch module, and 2nd, 4th and 6th through another. It turns out something like “two in one”. Now imagine that all control is fully automatic, electronic and electrical. Moreover, when you accelerate, for example, in 2nd gear, the control unit has ALREADY TURNED ON 3rd, and is only waiting for the best moment to make an instant “clack-clack” with independent clutches, to “release” the second gear and “cut into” the previously prepared 3rd. Shifts in such an automatic transmission take not just fractions of a second, but milliseconds! The driver and passengers simply do not notice these switchings, and acceleration is smooth and very fast. For example, in the DSG, which VOLKSWAGEN was the first in the world to put on the assembly line, switching moments take 7 milliseconds. It's much faster than you can blink your eyes. Therefore, there are no jerks or jolts, like the “robots” described above.

WARRANTY FOR DSG 7 SPEED increased to 5 years or 150,000 km:

The VOLKSWAGEN AG concern, meeting the wishes of customers, in order to maintain customer confidence in the concern's cars, carries out free repairs or replacement of gearbox components at the expense of the manufacturer DSG gears 7 DQ 200 for up to 5 years or until reaching 150,000 km from the date of transfer of the car to the first buyer. When the car owner contacts official dealers with a claim for DSG operation 7 DQ 200 will be diagnosed free of charge and, if necessary, repaired free of charge in accordance with the current technical recommendations of the concern.

In the same way, such “robotic” boxes switch not only “up”, but also down. The transmission control unit carefully “monitors” the driver’s actions using sensors on the pedals and steering mechanism, and prepares in advance best transmission for driver purposes.

If I say that such “robots” of the VW DSG class work brilliantly, then this will not be an exaggeration, and not only from the point of view of gear shifts. Their control units also do not “get tired” or “make mistakes”, so the fuel consumption of a car with a DSG, especially in the urban cycle, is less than with any other gearbox, including a manual transmission.

As for the shortcomings, there are few of them, but, alas, they exist: High price and the unacceptability of slipping in clutch units (however, what kind of clutch likes that?).

These are the options.

Sincerely, Denis Kozlov (DOC)
Your expert in choosing and maintaining a car